Incubator escapee wiki

Maze

Article Discussion

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File:Longleat maze.jpg
A hedge maze at Longleat stately home in England

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A maze is a path or collection of paths, typically from an entrance to a goal. The word is used to refer both to branching tour puzzles through which the solver must find a route, and to simpler non-branching ("unicursal") patterns that lead unambiguously through a convoluted layout to a goal. The term "labyrinth" is generally synonymous with "maze", but can also connote specifically a unicursal pattern.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The pathways and walls in a maze are typically fixed, but puzzles in which the walls and paths can change during the game are also categorised as mazes or tour puzzles.

ConstructionEdit

Mazes have been built with a variety of materials. Some are relatively permanent, like hedges, turf, walls, rooms, tiles, and paving stones or bricks.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Others are deliberately transitory, like corn stalks, straw bales, books, snow,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> or in fields of crops such as corn or maize. Maize mazes can be very large; they are usually kept only for one growing season, so they can be different each year, and are promoted as seasonal tourist attractions.Template:Citation needed

Indoors, mirror mazes are another form of maze, in which many of the apparent pathways are imaginary routes seen through multiple reflections in mirrors. Another type of maze consists of a set of rooms linked by doors (so a passageway is just another room in this definition). Players enter at one spot, and exit at another, or the idea may be to reach a certain spot in the maze. Mazes can also be printed or drawn on paper to be followed by a pencil or fingertip.

File:Maze simple.svg
A small maze with one entrance and one exit.

GenerationEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Maze generation is the act of designing the layout of passages and walls within a maze. There are many different approaches to generating mazes, with various maze generation algorithms for building them, either by hand or automatically by computer.

There are two main mechanisms used to generate mazes. In "carving passages", one marks out the network of available routes. In building a maze by "adding walls", one lays out a set of obstructions within an open area.

SolutionEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Maze solving is the act of finding a route through the maze from the start to finish. Some maze solving methods are designed to be used inside the maze by a traveler with no prior knowledge of the maze, whereas others are designed to be used by a person or computer program that can see the whole maze at once.

The mathematician Leonhard Euler was one of the first to analyze plane mazes mathematically, and in doing so made the first significant contributions to the branch of mathematics known as topology.Template:Citation needed

Mazes containing no loops are known as "standard", or "perfect" mazes, and are equivalent to a tree in graph theory. Thus many maze solving algorithms are closely related to graph theory. Intuitively, if one pulled and stretched out the paths in the maze in the proper way, the result could be made to resemble a tree.<ref>Maze to Tree Template:Webarchive. YouTube (23 December 2007). Retrieved on 18 June 2011.</ref>

Psychology experimentsEdit

Mazes are often used in psychology experiments to study spatial navigation and learning. Such experiments typically use rats or mice. Examples are:

TypesEdit

File:Wolfram fractal maze.svg
A fractal maze (top) with 3 iterations (left) and a solution (right)
Ball-in-a-maze puzzles
Dexterity puzzles which involve navigating a ball through a maze or labyrinth.
Fractal maze
A maze containing holes inside which the maze is indefinitely repeated at a smaller scale.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Hamilton maze
A maze in which the goal is to find the unique Hamiltonian cycle.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Logic mazes
These are like standard mazes except they use rules other than "don't cross the lines" to restrict motion.
Picture maze
A standard maze that forms a picture when solved.
Turf mazes and mizmazes
A pattern like a long rope folded up, without any junctions or crossings.

GalleryEdit

  • Maze Type Standard.png

    Standard maze: Find a path from and back to the star.

  • Circularmazeexample.jpg

    Circular maze type: Find a route to the centre of the maze.

  • Maze Type Arrow.png

    Loops and traps maze: Follow the arrows from and back to the star

  • Maze Type Block.png

    Block maze: Fill in four blocks to make a road connecting the stars. No diagonals.

  • Maze Type Number.png

    Number maze: Begin and end at the star. Using the number in your space, jump that number of blocks in a straight line to a new space. No diagonals.

  • Maze bludiste.jpg

    Obludiste – a hedge maze in the Czech republic

Public attractionsEdit

AsiaEdit

DubaiEdit

India

JapanEdit

PacificEdit

New ZealandEdit

EuropeEdit

AustriaEdit

BelgiumEdit

Czech RepublicEdit

DenmarkEdit

GermanyEdit

GreeceEdit

ItalyEdit

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NetherlandsEdit

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PortugalEdit

SpainEdit

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|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Cantabria. With 5,625qm, it is the largest maze in Spain.

  • Parque de Tentegorra,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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United KingdomEdit

File:Traquair House Maze.jpg
Traquair House Maze, Scotland
  • Blake House Craft Centre, Braintree, Essex, England (Open July–September)<ref>Template:Usurped. Greatmaze.info. Retrieved on 18 June 2011.</ref><ref>Google Maps. Maps.google.com.au (1 January 1970). Retrieved on 18 June 2011.</ref>
  • Carnfunnock Country Park, Northern Ireland. A hedge maze in the shape of Northern Ireland and winner of 1985 Design a Maze competition.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Hever Castle Maze, Hever, Kent. Yew tree maze and a splashing water maze<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Saltwell Park, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England. A yew-tree maze restored to its original condition in 2005 and open to the public during park opening hours.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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North AmericaEdit

File:MysteryMaze.jpg
Public maze at Wild Adventures theme park, Valdosta, Georgia, United States. It was removed before the 2010 season.
File:Hedge Maze, St Louis Botanical Gardens (St Louis, Missouri - June 2003).jpg
Maze at Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis

CanadaEdit

United StatesEdit

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  • The Wooz was a maze attraction opened in 1988 in Vacaville, California by Sun Creative System, a Japanese company that had seen success with the concept in Japan. Despite initial interest, high admission cost and hot summers led the park to close in 1992. The failure of the Wooz scuttled Sun Creative System's plans for additional maze attractions in the U.S.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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South AfricaEdit

Chartwell Castle in Johannesburg claims to have the biggest known uninterrupted hedgerow maze in the Southern world, with over 900 conifers. It covers about 6000 sq.m. (approximately 1.5 acres), which is around 5 times bigger than The Hampton Court Maze. The center is about 12m × 12m. The maze was designed and laid out by Conrad Penny.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CaribbeanEdit

CubaEdit

The colonial city of Camagüey, Cuba, founded in 1528, layout resembles a real maze, with narrow, short streets always turning in one direction or another. After pirate Henry Morgan burned the city in the 17th century, it was designed like a maze so attackers would find it hard to move around inside the city. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

South AmericaEdit

BrazilEdit

  • Labirinto Verde,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Nova Petrópolis, (Circular hedge maze built in 1989; Latitude 29°22'32.71"S Longitude 51°06'43.68"W)

In popular cultureEdit

Video gamesEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Maze game is a video game genre first described by journalists during the 1980s to describe any game in which the entire playing field is a maze. The player must escape monsters, outrace an opponent, or navigate the maze within a time limit. After the release of Namco's Pac-Man in 1980, many maze games followed its conventions of completing a level by traversing all paths and a way of temporarily turning the tables on pursuers.

TelevisionEdit

  • Both Nubeluz and American Gladiators, from Peru and the United States respectively, featured a giant life-size maze used in competition. The object on both programs was for the contestants to find their way from the entrance to the exit as quickly as possible. On Nubeluz, the contestants took turns running through the maze and had a maximum of 1 minute to reach the exit;<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O43hZ3piBZQ A segment of an early 1992 episode of Nubeluz featuring the maze. The first player's turn begins at the top of the segment; the second player's turn begins at 5:20.

</ref> on American Gladiators, both contestants ran through the maze simultaneously and were given 45 seconds to find the correct solution.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWB3x6rVmQw The maze featured on American Gladiators. </ref> The giant maze was part of the game rotation on both programs concurrently, and was also retired from both programs simultaneously.

The ShiningEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

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Further readingEdit

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External linksEdit

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