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Melanie Phillips

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English Template:Infobox person Melanie Phillips (born 4 June 1951) is a British public commentator. She began her career writing for The Guardian and New Statesman. During the 1990s, she came to identify with ideas more associated with right-wing politics and the far-right<ref>Multiple sources:

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Phillips has appeared as a panellist on the BBC Radio 4 programme The Moral Maze and BBC One's Question Time. She was awarded the Orwell Prize for Journalism in 1996, while she was writing for The Observer.<ref name=OP>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Her books include the memoir Guardian Angel: My Story, My Britain.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Early lifeEdit

Melanie Phillips was born in Hammersmith, the daughter of Mabel (née Cohen) and Alfred Phillips.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Her family is Jewish and immigrated to Britain from Poland and Russia.<ref name=angel>Template:Cite book</ref> Her grandfather changed his name to "Phillips" as British immigration officials were unable to pronounce his surname.<ref>Melanie Phillips: she's putting the world to rights - The Observer, 12 May 2013</ref> She describes her family as living as outsiders in an impoverished area of London, who "kept their heads down and tried to assimilate by aping the class mannerisms of the English."<ref name="auto1">Template:Cite book</ref> Her father, Alfred, was a dress salesman, while her mother, Mabel, ran a children's clothes shop and both were committed Labour voters.<ref name=Beckett/> She has stated that her father was "gentle, kind and innocent", an "overgrown child", and that "as my other parent he just wasn't there", which taught her "how the absence of proper fathering could screw up a child for life".<ref name=angel/> She was educated at Putney High School, a girls' fee-paying independent school in Putney, London. Later she read English at St Anne's College, Oxford.<ref>The Palgrave Dictionary of Anglo-Jewish History, ed. William D. Rubinstein, et al., Palgrave Macmillan, 2011, p. 753</ref>

Journalism careerEdit

Phillips trained as a journalist on the Evening Echo, a local newspaper in Hemel Hempstead.<ref name=Beckett/> After winning the Young Journalist of the Year award in 1976,<ref name=Beckett/> she spent a short period at the New Society magazine.

She joined The Guardian newspaper in 1977, becoming its social services correspondent and social policy leader writer. In 1982, she defended the Labour Party at the time of the split with the Social Democratic Party. In 1984, she became the paper's news editor,<ref name=Beckett/> and was reported to have fainted on her first day.<ref name=Hillmore>Peter Hillmore "NS Profile - Melanie Phillips", New Statesman, 10 March 2003</ref> Her opinion column began in 1987. While working for The Guardian, Phillips was persuaded by Julia Pascal to write a play called Traitors, which Pascal then directed.<ref name=Phillips2017>Template:Cite news</ref> It was performed at the Drill Hall from January 1986. The play was set at the time of the 1982 Lebanon War and centred around the moral dilemmas of a Jewish journalist who as political editor of a liberal magazine has to decide whether to veto an article written in anti-semitic tones, and also whether she is right to publish a leaked document about the Falklands War. The play was reviewed by John Peter in The Sunday Times as "a play of blistering intelligence and fearless moral questioning", although he considered it bordering on implausible.<ref>Peter, John. "Amoral acquiescence". The Sunday Times. 26 January 1986.</ref> According to Phillips, writing in December 2017, it was the only positive review the play received.<ref name=Phillips2017/> Phillips left The Guardian in 1993, saying that her relationship with the paper and its readers had become "like a really horrific family argument".<ref name=Beckett/> She took her opinion column to The GuardianTemplate:'s sister-paper The Observer, then to The Sunday Times in 1998,<ref name=Hillmore/> before beginning her association with the tabloid Daily Mail in 2001. She also wrote for The Jewish Chronicle, The Jerusalem Post and other periodicals.

In November 2010, The Spectator and Phillips apologised and agreed to pay substantial compensation and legal costs to a prominent British Muslim they falsely accused of antisemitism.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The following year, she resigned from the magazine after it apologised and paid compensation for another of her pieces which, it said, contained an allegation that was "completely false".<ref name=guardian1>Template:Cite news</ref>

Since 2003, she has written a blog, once hosted by The Spectator, but following her resignation from the magazine in June 2011,<ref name=guardian1 /><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> it is hosted on her website.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In September 2013, it emerged that her Mail column was to end, although according to Phillips, the newspaper wanted her to continue to write features and other articles for it.<ref>William Turvill "Melanie Phillips bows out after 12 years as Mail columnist, Dominic Lawson tipped to replace her", Press Gazette, 12 September 2013</ref>

In 2013, she launched an e-book publishing company called emBooks, to promote her book, together with several others, and self-promotional merchandise to the US market.<ref name=embooks>Template:Cite news</ref> She currently writes for The Times.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

She had a weekly radio show on Voice of Israel, is a regular panellist on BBC Radio's The Moral Maze and appears frequently on BBC TV's signature political shows Question Time and The Daily Politics.

Views and opinionsEdit

The BBC has said that Phillips "is regarded as one of the [British] media's leading right-wing voices" and a "controversial" columnist.<ref>List of Panelists for Question Time, BBC website, 6 June 2007.</ref> Nick Cohen wrote in 2011 that she has become vilified by The Guardian.<ref name=Cohen2011>Template:Cite news</ref> Phillips herself stated in 2006, during an interview with Jackie Ashley for the newspaper, that it often misrepresents her opinions.<ref name=Ashley2006/>

International issuesEdit

IslamEdit

Phillips was heavily criticised for an article she wrote in The Jewish Chronicle which suggested that "the taunt of Islamophobia is used to silence any criticism of the Islamic world, including Islamic extremism" and "facilitates" antisemitism. The newspaper's editor, while not offering regret for publishing the article, did acknowledge that the article had been divisive and apologised to readers who had been angered or upset by the piece.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Simon Kuper, writing in the Financial Times, accused her in 2011 of being an advocate for the Eurabia conspiracy theory.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

IranEdit

She is a staunch critic of Iran and has written and spoken frequently about the threat she perceives it to be, particularly if it were to obtain nuclear weapons.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She has drawn criticism for her hard-line approach from The Guardian commentators.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

IsraelEdit

Phillips's criticisms of liberal Jews who disagree with her positions on Israel have been mocked or condemned by writers such as Alan Dershowitz,<ref name=Spectator>Template:Cite news</ref> Rabbi David Goldberg,<ref>"... it would have to be someone particularly dim who begins a conversation with me at one of those north London dinner parties where writers such as... Melanie Phillips... claim to have been shocked by the anti-semitic hostility of the chattering classes..." in "Let's have a sense of proportion" by Rabbi David Goldberg, The Guardian, 26 January 2002</ref> and Jonathan Freedland, who criticised Phillips's labelling of Independent Jewish Voices, a group of liberal Jews,Template:Cn as "Jews For Genocide". Freedland wrote in The Jewish Chronicle: "Now, as it happens, I have multiple criticisms of IJV ... but even their most trenchant opponents must surely blanch at the notion that these critics of Israel and of Anglo-Jewish officialdom are somehow in favour of genocide—literally, eager to see the murder and eradication of the Jewish people ... it is an absurdity, one that drains the word 'genocide' of any meaning".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

GazaEdit

In 2024, Phillips made a number of claims on BBC Question Time related to Gaza. She claimed that it was “completely untrue” that Gazans were being denied access to food and humanitarian aid, that photos and videos on Youtube showed stocked food markets in Gaza and that supplies had been stopped from going into Gaza because they had been ‘stolen by Hamas‘.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She also claimed that the UN is “compromised” by links to Hamas and that a ceasefire would lead to more deaths.<ref name=":0" /> The Independent fact checked these claims and found no evidence to support them.<ref name=":0" />

United StatesEdit

Early in the presidency of Barack Obama, Phillips accused him of "adopting the agenda of the Islamist" and of being "firmly in the Islamists' camp".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Shortly after Obama's re-election for a second term, Phillips said that "Four years ago, America put into the White House a sulky narcissist with an unbroken history of involvement in thuggish, corrupt, far-left, black power, Jew-bashing, west-hating politics". She warned that Obama would lead America into a "terrifying darkness". The Independent termed it "rather odd" and an "angry rant",<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> which "sparked debate on Twitter".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Phillips wrote in defence of president-elect Donald Trump on 14 November 2016: "Believing the smears they have created, the Trumpophobes then smear the public for voting for the man they have thus smeared. This, of course, is precisely why millions voted against the liberal establishment and for Trump, as well as for Brexit, in the first place".<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Subscription required</ref>

A year later she criticised Trump for retweeting videos from Britain First's leader Jayda Fransen, calling them "beyond stupid, reckless and reprehensible." She added that "Trump has given an enormous boost to a group that should be treated as totally beyond the pale. Although campaigning against Islamic extremism, intolerance and religious fascism is not just acceptable but necessary, some groups which do so are totally unacceptable because they themselves promote extremism, intolerance or fascism. Britain First is squarely in that category."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Climate changeEdit

Phillips opposes the scientific consensus on climate change. In 2013 she argued that "there is no evidence for global warming... the seas are not rising any more than is in any way out of the ordinary, the ice is not decreasing, it is increasing, the polar bears are increasing in number, and the temperature is going down, not up".<ref>Melanie Phillips, "BBC Question Time, November 2013" YouTube, retrieved 24 May 2018</ref> She believes that "The warming that was observed between 1978–1998 has stopped and global temperatures have plateaued."<ref>Melanie Phillips "A Blow for Science, Sovereignty and Sanity" MelaniePhillips.com Published 2 June 2017, Retrieved 24 May 2018</ref> She has further argued that "Man-made global warming theory has been propped up by studies that many scientists have dismissed as methodologically flawed, ideologically bent or even fraudulent."<ref name=dark>Melanie Phillips "Science is Turning Back to the Dark Ages" The Global Warming Policy Forum, 4 March 2016, retrieved 22 May 2018</ref> She has written that "The claim that [[CO2 emissions|Template:Co2 emissions]] are acidifying the oceans is a favourite of climate-change alarmists"<ref name=dark/> and that "claims that coral reefs are doomed by ocean acidification are overplayed".<ref name=dark/>

Phillips' published views on these topics have been rebutted by scientists and academics, including John Krebs and Nicholas Stern.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

MMR vaccineEdit

Melanie Phillips supported Andrew Wakefield, whose fraudulent work triggered controversy about the MMR vaccine and led to his being struck off the medical register. Through numerous articles in the Daily Mail and The Spectator, Phillips championed Wakefield's claims while casting doubt on their rebuttal by scientists, doctors, and politicians.<ref name=bmj1>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Her attacks on MMR attracted criticism from scientists and science writers.<ref name=bmj1/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=bmj2>Template:Cite journal</ref> Phillips continued to support Wakefield after his research methods and motives began to attract serious scrutiny and criticism: "While Mr Wakefield is being subjected to a witch-hunt, and while the parents of the affected children are scandalously denied legal aid to pursue the court case which may well have finally brought to light the truth about MMR, those powerful people in the medical establishment are continuing to misrepresent the evidence."<ref>MMR : the facade cracks Template:Webarchive, published 7 February 2006, retrieved 13 November 2013.</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In May 2010, Andrew Wakefield was struck off the Medical Register for "serious professional misconduct", and is currently barred from practising medicine in the UK.<ref name=MeikleBoseley>Template:Cite news</ref> Phillips's support of Wakefield's "findings" and her campaign against the MMR vaccine has been both widely noted,<ref name=falseprophets/><ref name=dean>Malcolm Dean. Democracy Under Attack: How the Media Distort Policy and Politics The Policy Press, 2012: p. 371.</ref> and credited for significantly undermining public trust in vaccines.<ref name=falseprophets>Paul A. Offit. Autism's False Prophets: Bad Science, Risky Medicine, and the Search for a Cure Columbia University Press, 2013: p. 56.</ref>

Domestic issuesEdit

Irish independenceEdit

Phillips expressed opposition to Irish independence, declaring on 7 March 2017 in her column in The Times, that the "most troublesome bits" of the UK are "showing signs of disuniting". For her, Scottish nationalism and Irish republicanism are cultural phenomena "rooted in romanticism and myth", while Englishness "came to stand proxy for all the communities of the British Isles". In particular, she wrote "Ireland itself has a tenuous claim to nationhood" because the Irish Free State was only established in 1922. She denounced "attempts at secession by tribes" in Northern Ireland.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Subscription required</ref> The Irish Times said that the piece had met with objections from both unionists and republicans. The Irish ambassador to the United Kingdom, Daniel Mulhall, said on Twitter that the country's sovereignty is "based on strong sense of identity, distinctive culture & shared values and interests" and rejected her claim.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

She is ambivalent about the Northern Ireland peace process, stating that, on the one hand, it has strengthened the Union with Great Britain and saved lives, but that, on the other hand, it has rewarded terrorism, "undermined the rule of law", and exchanged bombs for "paramilitary, mafia-style control of some areas of Northern Ireland".<ref>"The Faustian pact of the Northern Ireland Peace Process" Template:Webarchive. Melanie Phillips. 23 June 2004. Retrieved 26 April 2014.</ref> In June 2014, in the context of Britain's first entirely secret trial for centuries,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Phillips said that such legal proceedings are justifiable in certain circumstances.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Party politicsEdit

She has argued that the Conservative Party lost its way after the retirement of Margaret Thatcher. She also stated that the UK Independence Party is prepared to embody "truly conservative attitudes" and has attracted a sizeable protest vote, despite its "unsustainable spending policies".<ref>[{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> However, she has also offered tempered praise of Tony Blair's attitude to Islamic extremism,<ref>Phillips, Melanie "Tony Blair on Israel and Islamism: Home Truths and One Illusion" Template:Webarchive. Family Security Matters. 12 October 2010. Retrieved 26 April 2014</ref> and she supported his policy of entering the Iraq War.<ref>"Hysteria and irrationality over Iraq" Template:Webarchive. Melanie Phillips. 24 September 2004. Retrieved 26 April 2014 .</ref>

EducationEdit

In All Must Have Prizes, published in 1996, Phillips offered a critique of the British education system, saying that an egalitarian and non-competitive ethos (progressivism; multicultural education) had led to a catastrophic fall in standards. She criticised John Dewey's "disastrous influence". One academic critic said that "Phillips gets Dewey quite wrong," for example in claims that Dewey promoted ahistoric and cultureless education.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Phillips criticized one academic paper—on primary-school children's constructions of British identity. Its authors responded with a follow-up study, showing that young adolescents, in common with their counterparts in primary schools, adopt a pluralist viewpoint with virtually no nationalist or racist comments.<ref>Carrington, B., Short, G. (1998), "Adolescent discourse on national identity—Voices of care and justice?", Educational Studies 24 (2), pp. 150–52</ref>

CultureEdit

Phillips became a "scathing critic of modern Britain" which she regards as "a debauched and disorderly culture of instant gratification, with disintegrating families, feral children and violence, squalor and vulgarity on the streets".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

DrugsEdit

In 2008, Ruth Runciman, chair of the UK Drugs Policy Commission, called "allegations" Phillips made that the commission was "intent on bringing about the legalisation of drugs" "an absolute travesty and a wilful misrepresentation".<ref>"UK Drugs Policy Commission responds to Melanie Phillips", spectator.co.uk. 27 May 2008. Retrieved 16 December 2019.</ref>

Gay rightsEdit

She opposed the introduction of civil partnerships for gay couples in the UK, and has said that what she calls "the traditional family [...] has been relentlessly attacked by an alliance of feminists, gay rights activists, divorce lawyers and cultural Marxists who grasped that this was the surest way to destroy Western society."<ref name=Melanie>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She has said that giving IVF fertility treatment to lesbians would "help destroy our understanding of human identity".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She said the UK government was brainwashing children by including references to gay people in lessons in schools.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She received the 'Bigot of the Year' award from gay equality organisation Stonewall in 2011.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Hugh Muir, "Stonewall's bigot award prompts banks' threat to withdraw sponsorship", The Guardian, 30 October 2012</ref>

Personal lifeEdit

Phillips is married to Joshua Rozenberg, former legal affairs editor for the BBC.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The couple have two children.<ref name=Ashley2006>Template:Cite news</ref>

Published worksEdit

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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