Messier 49

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Messier 49 (also known as M49 or NGC 4472) is a giant elliptical galaxy about Template:Nowrap away in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. This galaxy was discovered by astronomer Charles Messier in 1777.Template:Efn

As an elliptical galaxy, Messier 49 has the physical form of a radio galaxy, but it only has the radio emission of a normal galaxy. From the detected radio emission, the core region has roughly 10⁵³ erg (10⁴⁶ J or 10²² YJ) of synchrotron energy.<ref name=aaa67_1_47/> The nucleus of this galaxy is emitting X-rays, suggesting the likely presence of a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of Template:Nowrap, or 565 million times the mass of the Sun (Template:Solar mass).<ref name=apj555_1_L21/>Template:Efn X-ray emissions shows a structure to the north of Messier 49 that resembles a bow shock. To the southwest of the core, the luminous outline of the galaxy can be traced out to a distance of 260 kpc.<ref name=apj471_683/>

This galaxy has many globular clusters: estimated to be about 5,900. This is far more than the roughly 200 orbiting the Milky Way, but dwarfed by the 13,450 orbiting the supergiant elliptical galaxy Messier 87. On average, the globular clusters of M49 are about 10 billion years old.<ref name=apj592_2_866/> Between 2000 and 2009, strong evidence for a stellar mass black hole was discovered in one. A second candidate was announced in 2011.<ref name=mnras410_3_1655/>

Messier 49 was the first member of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies to be discovered.<ref name=thompson2007/> It is the most luminous member of that cluster and more luminous than any galaxy closer to the Earth. This galaxy forms part of the smaller Virgo B subcluster 4.5° away from the dynamic center of the Virgo Cluster, centered on Messier 87.<ref name=apj592_2_866/><ref name="carnegieatlas" /> Messier 49 is gravitationally interacting with the dwarf irregular galaxy UGC 7636.<ref name=apj471_683/> The dwarf shows a trail of debris spanning roughly 1 × 5 arcminutes, which corresponds to a physical dimension of Template:Nowrap.<ref name=aj108_3_844/>

One supernova has been observed in M49: SN 1969Q (type unknown, mag. 13) was discovered by Evans on 12 June 1969.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="nedsupernovae"/><ref name="barbonetal1984"/> [Note: some sources incorrectly report the discovery date as 1 June 1969.]

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Messier 49

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