Messier 52
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Messier 52 or M52, also known as NGC 7654 or the Scorpion Cluster, is an open cluster of stars in the highly northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1774.<ref name=Adam2018/>Template:Efn It can be seen from Earth under a good night sky with binoculars. The brightness of the cluster is influenced by extinction, which is stronger in the southern half.<ref name=Pandey2001/> Its metallicity is somewhat below that of the Sun, and is estimated to be [Fe/H] = −0.05 ± 0.01.<ref name=Akbulut/>
R. J. Trumpler classified the cluster appearance as II2r, indicating a rich cluster with little central concentration and a medium range in the brightness of the stars.<ref name=Trumpler1930/> This was later revised to I2r, denoting a dense core.<ref name=Pandey2001/> The cluster has a core radius of Template:Cvt and a tidal radius of Template:Convert.<ref name=Bonatto2006/> It has an estimated age of 158.5 million years<ref name=Wu2009/> and a mass of Template:Val.<ref name=Bonatto2006/>
The magnitude 8.3 supergiant star BD +60°2532 is a probable member of the cluster,<ref name=Bonatto2006/> so too 18 candidate slowly pulsating B stars, one being a Delta (δ) Scuti variable, and three candidate Gamma Doradus (γ Dor) variables.<ref name=Luo2012/> There may also be three Be stars.<ref name=Bond1973/> The core of the cluster shows a lack of interstellar matter, which may be due to supernovae explosion(s) early in the cluster's history.<ref name=Pandey2001/>
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