Minister President of Prussia

The Minister-President (Template:Langx), or Prime Minister, of Prussia was the head of government of the Prussian state. The office existed from 1848, when it was formed by King Frederick William IV during the 1848–49 Revolution, until the abolition of Prussia in 1947 by the Allied Control Council.

History of the office

Under the Kingdom of Prussia the Minister President functioned as the chief minister of the King, and presided over the Landtag, the Prussian legislature established in 1848. After the unification of Germany in 1871 and until the 1918–1919 Revolution, the office of the Prussian Minister President was usually held by the Chancellor of the German Empire, beginning with the tenure of Otto von Bismarck.

Under the Free State of Prussia the Minister President was the head of the state government in a more traditional parliamentary role during the Weimar Republic. The office ceased to have any real meaning except as a kind of political patronage title after the takeover by the national government in 1932 (Preußenschlag), and after Nazi Germany dismantled Prussia as a state in 1935 (Reichsstatthaltergesetz). Eventually, the office was abolished along with Prussia itself by the Allies in the aftermath of World War II.

Chief ministers of the Kingdom of Prussia (1702–1848)

• 1702–1711: Johann Kasimir Kolbe von Wartenberg
• 1711–1728: Template:Ill
• 1728–1739: Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow
• 1739–1749: Template:Ill
• 1749–1753: Georg Dietloff von Arnim-Boitzenburg
• 1749–1777: Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein
• 1777–1802: Friedrich Anton von Heynitz
• 1786–1798: Friedrich Wilhelm von Arnim-Boitzenburg
• 1802–1804: Count Christian Heinrich Kurt von Haugwitz (1st term)
• 1804–1806: Count Karl August von Hardenberg (1st term)
• 1806Template:0Template:0Template:0Template:0Template:0: Count Christian Heinrich Kurt von Haugwitz (2nd term)
• 1806–1807: Template:Ill
• 1807Template:0Template:0Template:0Template:0Template:0: Count Karl August von Hardenberg (2nd term)
• 1807–1808: Baron Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein
• 1808–1810: Count Karl Friedrich Ferdinand Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten
• 1810–1822: Prince Karl August von Hardenberg (3rd term)
• 1822–1823: Template:IllTemplate:Clarify
• 1823–1841: Count Carl Friedrich Heinrich, Graf von Wylich und LottumTemplate:Clarify
• 1841–1848: Template:IllTemplate:Clarify

List of minister-presidents of Prussia (1848–1945)

Minister-presidents of the Kingdom of Prussia (1848–1918)

Political party: Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2

Portrait		Name Template:Small	Term of office			Political party
			Took office	Left office	Days
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:AHArnimB.jpg	Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg Template:Small	19 March 1848	29 March 1848	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Camphausen.jpeg	Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen Template:Small	29 March 1848	20 June 1848	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Rudolf v Auerswald 1862 (IZ 39-6 n Foto v L Haase).JPG	Rudolf von Auerswald Template:Small	25 June 1848	8 September 1848	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Pfuel.jpg	Ernst von Pfuel Template:Small	21 September 1848	1 November 1848	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:FWvBrandenburg.jpg	Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg Template:Small	2 November 1848	6 November 1850	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Manteuffel, Otto Theodor von (1805-1882).jpg	Baron Otto Theodor von Manteuffel Template:Small	9 December 1850	6 November 1858	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Fürst Karl Anton von Hohenzollern.JPG	Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern Template:Small	6 November 1858	12 March 1862	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Adolph Friedrich Ludwig Karl, Fürst von Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, c. 1860.jpg	Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen Template:Small	17 March 1862	23 September 1862	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2005-0057, Otto von Bismarck.jpg	Prince Otto von Bismarck Template:Small	23 September 1862	1 January 1873	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Albrecht Graf von Roon by Gustav Gräf.jpg	Count Albrecht von Roon Template:Small	1 January 1873	9 November 1873	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2005-0057, Otto von Bismarck.jpg	Prince Otto von Bismarck Template:Small	9 November 1873	20 March 1890	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R09316, Leo Graf von Caprivi.jpg	Count Leo von Caprivi Template:Small	20 March 1890	22 March 1892	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Botho Wendt zu Eulenburg.jpg	Count Botho zu Eulenburg Template:Small	22 March 1892	26 October 1894	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst - Die Gartenlaube (1894) 773.jpg	Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst Template:Small	29 October 1894	17 October 1900	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2004-0098, Bernhard Fürst von Bülow (cropped).jpg	Prince Bernhard von Bülow Template:Small	17 October 1900	14 July 1909	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg(cropped).jpg	Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg Template:Small	14 July 1909	13 July 1917	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2004-0720-500, Georg Michaelis.jpg	Georg Michaelis Template:Small	14 July 1917	1 November 1917	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Georg von Hertling.jpg	Count Georg von Hertling Template:Small	1 November 1917	30 September 1918	Template:Age in days	Centre
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R04103, Prinz Max von Baden.jpg	Prince Maximilian von Baden Template:Small	3 October 1918	9 November 1918	Template:Age in days	Non-partisan

Minister-presidents of the Free State of Prussia (1918–1945)

Political party: Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2

Portrait		Name Template:Small	Term of office			Political party
			Took office	Left office	Days
Minister-presidents of the Free State of Prussia in the Weimar Republic
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Paul Hirsch um 1920.jpg	Paul Hirsch Template:Small	12 November 1918	27 March 1920	Template:Age in days	Social Democratic Party of Germany
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Heinrich Ströbel 1930.jpg	Heinrich Ströbel Template:Small	12 November 1918	9 January 1919	Template:Age in days	Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Otto Braun 1932 (Landtag) Edit.jpg	Otto Braun Template:Small	27 March 1920	21 April 1921	Template:Age in days	Social Democratic Party of Germany
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Adam Stegerwald JS2.jpg	Adam Stegerwald Template:Small	21 April 1921	5 November 1921	Template:Age in days	Centre Party
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Otto Braun 1932 (Landtag) Edit.jpg	Otto Braun Template:Small	5 November 1921	18 February 1925	Template:Age in days	Social Democratic Party of Germany
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Reichskanzler Wilhelm Marx (cropped1).jpg	Wilhelm Marx Template:Small	18 February 1925	6 April 1925	Template:Age in days	Centre Party
style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Otto Braun 1932 (Landtag) Edit.jpg	Otto Braun Template:Small	6 April 1925	20 July 1932	Template:Age in days	Social Democratic Party of Germany
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:FranzVonPapenEn1933.jpeg	Franz von Papen Template:Small	Template:Small		Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
20 July 1932			3 December 1932
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:KurtVonScheleicherEn1932.jpeg	Kurt von Schleicher Template:Small	Template:Small		Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
3 December 1932			28 January 1933
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:FranzVonPapenEn1933.jpeg	Franz von Papen Template:Small	Template:Small		Template:Age in days	Non-partisan
30 January 1933			10 April 1933
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Hitler portrait crop.jpg	Adolf Hitler Template:Small	Template:Small		Template:Age in days	Nazi Party
30 January 1933			30 January 1935
Minister-president of the Free State of Prussia in Nazi Germany
rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-15607, Potsdam, Göring.jpg	Hermann Göring Template:Small	Template:Small		Template:Age in days	Nazi Party
10 April 1933			23 April 1945
Template:Small			Template:Age in days
30 January 1935	23 April 1945

Timeline

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DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:1848 till:1945 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1848 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1848

Colors =

 id:None    value:rgb(0.87,0.87,0.87) legend:Non-partisan
 id:Zentrum value:rgb(0,0,0)          legend:Centre_Party
 id:SPD     value:rgb(0.92,0,0.12)    legend:Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany
 id:USPD    value:rgb(1,0.13,0.13)    legend:Independent_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany
 id:NSDAP   value:rgb(0.59,0.29,0)    legend:National_Socialist_German_Workers`_Party

Legend = columns:2 left:150 top:60 columnwidth:250

TextData =

 pos:(20,65) textcolor:black fontsize:M
 text:"Political parties:"

BarData =

 bar:AdolfHeinrichvonArnim-Boitzenburg
 bar:GottfriedLudolfCamphausen
 bar:RudolfvonAuerswald
 bar:ErnstvonPfuel
 bar:FriedrichWilhelmvonBrandenburg
 bar:OttoTheodorvonManteuffel
 bar:KarlAntonvonHohenzollern
 bar:AdolfzuHohenlohe-Ingelfingen
 bar:OttovonBismarck
 bar:AlbrechtvonRoon
 bar:LeovonCaprivi
 bar:BothozuEulenburg
 bar:ChlodwigzuHohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
 bar:BernhardvonBülow
 bar:TheobaldvonBethmannHollweg
 bar:GeorgMichaelis
 bar:GeorgvonHertling
 bar:MaximilianvonBaden
 bar:PaulHirsch
 bar:HeinrichStröbel
 bar:OttoBraun
 bar:AdamStegerwald
 bar:WilhelmMarx
 bar:FranzvonPapen
 bar:KurtvonSchleicher
 bar:AdolfHitler
 bar:HermannGöring

PlotData =

 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

 bar:AdolfHeinrichvonArnim-Boitzenburg
  from: 19/03/1848 till: 29/03/1848 color: None    text:"Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg"
 bar:GottfriedLudolfCamphausen
  from: 29/03/1848 till: 20/06/1848 color: None    text:"Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen"
 bar:RudolfvonAuerswald
  from: 25/06/1848 till: 08/09/1848 color: None    text:"Rudolf von Auerswald"
 bar:ErnstvonPfuel
  from: 21/09/1848 till: 01/11/1848 color: None    text:"Ernst von Pfuel"
 bar:FriedrichWilhelmvonBrandenburg
  from: 02/11/1848 till: 06/11/1850 color: None    text:"Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg"
 bar:OttoTheodorvonManteuffel
  from: 09/12/1850 till: 06/11/1858 color: None    text:"Baron Otto Theodor von Manteuffel"
 bar:KarlAntonvonHohenzollern
  from: 06/11/1858 till: 12/03/1862 color: None    text:"Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern"
 bar:AdolfzuHohenlohe-Ingelfingen
  from: 17/03/1862 till: 23/09/1862 color: None    text:"Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen"
 bar:OttovonBismarck
  from: 23/09/1862 till: 01/01/1873 color: None
  from: 09/11/1873 till: 20/03/1890 color: None    text:"Prince Otto von Bismarck"
 bar:AlbrechtvonRoon
  from: 01/01/1873 till: 09/11/1873 color: None    text:"Count Albrecht von Roon"
 bar:LeovonCaprivi
  from: 20/03/1890 till: 22/03/1892 color: None    text:"Count Leo von Caprivi"
 bar:BothozuEulenburg
  from: 22/03/1892 till: 26/10/1894 color: None    text:"Count Botho zu Eulenburg"
 bar:ChlodwigzuHohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
  from: 29/10/1894 till: 17/10/1900 color: None    text:"Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst"
 bar:BernhardvonBülow
  from: 17/10/1900 till: 14/07/1909 color: None    text:"Prince Bernhard von Bülow"
 bar:TheobaldvonBethmannHollweg
  from: 14/07/1909 till: 13/07/1917 color: None    text:"Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg"
 bar:GeorgMichaelis
  from: 14/07/1917 till: 01/11/1917 color: None    text:"Georg Michaelis"
 bar:GeorgvonHertling
  from: 01/11/1917 till: 30/09/1918 color: Zentrum text:"Count Georg von Hertling"
 bar:MaximilianvonBaden
  from: 03/10/1918 till: 09/11/1918 color: None    text:"Prince Maximilian von Baden"
 bar:PaulHirsch
  from: 12/11/1918 till: 27/03/1920 color: SPD     text:"Paul Hirsch"
 bar:HeinrichStröbel
  from: 12/11/1918 till: 09/01/1919 color: USPD    text:"Heinrich Ströbel (Co-prime minister)"
 bar:OttoBraun
  from: 27/03/1920 till: 21/04/1921 color: SPD
  from: 05/11/1921 till: 18/02/1925 color: SPD
  from: 06/04/1923 till: 20/07/1932 color: SPD     text:"Otto Braun"
 bar:AdamStegerwald
  from: 21/04/1921 till: 05/11/1921 color: Zentrum text:"Adam Stegerwald"
 bar:WilhelmMarx
  from: 18/02/1925 till: 06/04/1925 color: Zentrum text:"Wilhelm Marx"
 bar:FranzvonPapen
  from: 20/07/1932 till: 03/12/1932 color: None
  from: 30/01/1933 till: 10/04/1933 color: None    text:"Franz von Papen"
 bar:KurtvonSchleicher
  from: 03/12/1932 till: 28/01/1933 color: None    text:"Kurt von Schleicher"
 bar:AdolfHitler
  from: 30/01/1933 till: 30/01/1935 color: NSDAP   text:"Adolf Hitler"
 bar:HermannGöring
  from: 10/04/1933 till: 23/04/1945 color: NSDAP
  from: 30/01/1935 till: 23/04/1945 color: NSDAP   text:"Hermann Göring"

</timeline>

See also

• Deputy Prime Minister of Prussia
• Minister-president
• List of monarchs of Prussia
• Constitution of Prussia (1848)
• List of chancellors of Germany