Mount Arafat

Mount Arafat (Template:Langx, or Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> is a granodiorite hill<ref name=":0">Template:Cite journal</ref> about Template:Cvt southeast of Mecca, in the province of the same name in Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is approximately Template:Cvt in height, with its highest point sitting at an elevation of Template:Convert.

The Prophet Muhammad, before becoming a Prophet, would break his tribe Quraysh’s tradition by standing at Arafat with the other Arabs, much to the shock of his fellow Qurayshite Jubair bin Mut`im who highlighted that he was a part of the Hums and questioning what business he had there.<ref> https://sunnah.com/bukhari:1664</ref><ref> https://sunnah.com/muslim:1220#:~:text=Mut'im%20reported%3A,Quraish%20were%20counted%20among%20Hums.</ref>

According to Islamic traditions, the hill is the place where the Islamic prophet Muhammad stood and delivered the Farewell Sermon (Template:Transliteration)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> to his companions (Template:Transliteration) who had accompanied him for the Hajj towards the end of his life. Some Muslims also believe that Mount Arafat is the place where Adam and Eve reunited on Earth after falling from Heaven, believing the mountain to be the place where they were forgiven, hence giving it the name Template:Transliteration, meaning 'Mountain of Mercy'. A pillar is erected on top of the mountain to show where this event is believed to have taken place.

The mountain is especially important during the Hajj, with the 9th day of the Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah, also known as the Day of 'Arafah after the mountain itself, being the day when Hajj pilgrims leave Mina for Arafat; this day is considered to be the most important day of the Hajj. The Template:Transliteration (sermon) is delivered and Template:Transliteration and Template:Transliteration prayers are prayed together in the valley. The pilgrims spend the whole day on the mountain invoking Allah to forgive their sins.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Geology and radiology

A 2012 study classified Mount Arafat as a granodiorite rock which mainly consists of feldspar, quartz and muscovite, among other minerals, using petrographic, fission track dating and γ-spectrometric (HPGe) techniques in order to study the geology, thermal history and the radiological hazards due to the presence of primordial radionuclides.<ref name=":0" />

The study yielded fission track age of 9.13 ± 1.05 Ma of the Mount Arafat granodiorite. In addition, the study reported that rifting, magmatism, volcanism and seafloor spreading that resulted in the formation of Red Sea seems to have altered the original age of the Arafat granodiorite under study to 9.13 ± 1.05 Ma. Measured radioactivity concentrations due to ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K were found to not pose any radiological health hazard to the general public.<ref name=":0" />

Hajj

Arafat rituals end at sunset and pilgrims then move to Muzdalifah for Maghrib prayer and a shortened Isha prayer and for a short rest.<ref>Peters, F.E., 1996. The Hajj: The Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca and the holy places. Princeton University Press. </ref>

The level area surrounding the hill is called the Plain of Arafat. The term Mount Arafat is sometimes applied to this entire area. It is an important place in Islam because, during the Hajj, pilgrims spend the afternoon there on the ninth day of Dhu al-Hijjah. Failure to be present in the plain of Arafat on the required day invalidates the pilgrimage.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

Since late 2010, this place is served by Mecca Metro. On a normal Hajj, it would be around Template:Cvt to walk.Template:Citation needed

• Arafat pilgrims.jpg

  Pilgrims supplicating

• Masjid Namirah - panoramio.jpg

  Masjid al-Namirah

• Jabal-e-Rehmat (Mount Arafat).jpg

  Pilgrims supplicating during Hajj

• Jabal-e-Rehmat (Mount of Mercy) Mount Arafat.jpg

  Entrance of Jabal ar-Rahmah (Mount of the Mercy)

• Jabal-e-Rehmat (Mount of Mercy).jpg

  Pilgrims

• Jabal-e-Rehmat Mount of Mercy Mount Arafat.jpg
• Jabal-e-Rehmat.jpg
• Jabal-e-Rehmat (Mount of Mercy Mount Arafat).jpg

In literature

The hill is referenced in James Joyce's novel Finnegans Wake.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

See also

• Du'a Arafah
• Sarat Mountains

External links

• Template:Commons category-inline
• Muslim pilgrims gather at Mount Arafat for Hajj's key moment (YouTube)
• Muslim pilgrims scale Mount Arafat for peak of hajj
• Millions Of Muslim Pilgrims Gather At Mount Arafat To Mark Pinnacle Of Hajj | TIME
• اكثر من 2 مليون حاج يصعدون إلى جبل عرفات 1433 هـ (in Arabic)