Nador

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Nador (Template:Langx, Template:Langx<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>) is a coastal city and provincial capital in the northeastern Rif region of Morocco with a population of about 158,202 (2024 census).<ref>https://www.citypopulation.de/en/morocco/cities/</ref>

The Nador Province has over 600,000 inhabitants. Nador is considered the second largest city in the Oriental Region after Oujda.

File:Nador hotel RIF.jpg

Mercure hotel in downtown Nador

Overview

The economy of Nador and Nador province includes fishery, agriculture, some light and heavy industry.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Every summer, from June to August, thousands of people originating from the Nador area and living in Europe return to the city. The number of these annual visitors may exceed 25,000. They mainly stay with relatives or in rented or owned apartments, rather than staying in Nador's hotels.

The location of the city on the Mediterranean coast and proximity of the Spanish town Melilla mean there is significant international trade, particularly evident in the widespread sale of Spanish manufactured foodstuffs and household goods in Nador.

Nador was infamous as a centre of smuggling cheap Spanish and Chinese duty-free goods. Currently the smuggling has declined but it still alive competing with a smuggling stream from Algeria. Many used consumer goods from Europe and China find their way to Morocco and Africa via Melilla and Nador, both legally and illegally. The goods range from conserved food, clothes, shoes, electric home appliances, up to sophisticated hardware.<ref>Info about Nador and Smuggling visited on 6 May 2008</ref>

History

Nador was founded in the 19th century by local Berber tribes and was under Spanish occupation from 1912 until Morocco's independence in 1956.<ref name="marokko-info.nl">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Demographics

It has recently become a fast-growing city,<ref>Hardy, Paula and Athony Ham (2007). Morocco. Lonely Planet. Page 208. Template:ISBN.</ref> despite experiencing a population drop with the departure of the Spanish, when the population decreased from 23,000 in the early 1950s<ref>Seddon, David (1981). Moroccan Peasants: A Century of Change in the Eastern Rif, 1870-1970. Dawson. Page 242. Template:ISBN.</ref> to less than 5,000 in 1960. Nador's population grew by 566% between 1960 and 1971, from 4,806 people in 1960 and 32,000 in 1971.<ref>Pennell, C.R. (2000). Morocco Since 1830: A History. NYU Press. Page 329. Template:ISBN.</ref> Its population has since grown with over 500% once again, to a total estimated population of 200,000 in 2015.<ref name="Warson, Lucilla 2015 Page 162">Warson, Lucilla (2015). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Morocco. Penguin. Page 162. Template:ISBN.</ref> Only eight years previously, in 2007, the city had a population of 120,000.<ref>Hardy, Paula and Athony Ham (2007). Morocco. Lonely Planet. Page 208. Template:ISBN.</ref> Nador is predominantly Tarifit-speaking.<ref name="Honnor, Julius 2012 Page 397">Honnor, Julius (2012). Morocco Footprint Handbook. Footprint Travel Guides. Page 397. Template:ISBN.</ref> The population density in the city of Nador is many times that of the larger Nador Province.<ref>Seddon, David (1981). Moroccan Peasants: A Century of Change in the Eastern Rif, 1870-1970. Dawson. Page 199. Template:ISBN.</ref>

Geography

Nador is the 19th largest city in Morocco and is the capital of Nador Province in the Oriental Region of northern Morocco. It is located on the Sebkha Bou Areq lagoon on the Mediterranean coastline. The city sprawls along the coast. It is approximately Template:Cvt west of the Algerian border, Template:Cvt south of the Spanish enclave of Melilla, and Template:Cvt east of the Moroccan capital of Rabat. The city center of Nador is largely a grid of streets around the north-south axis of Avenue Hassan II, with the main bus- and taxi stations at its southern end. Avenue Mohammed V runs from the city's waterfront to the city's governmental facilities and town hall on its east end.<ref>Honnor, Julius (2012). Morocco Footprint Handbook. Footprint Travel Guides. Page 398. Template:ISBN.</ref><ref name="Clammer, Paul 2014 Page 221">Clammer, Paul (2014). Lonely Planet Morocco. Lonely Planet. Page 221. Template:ISBN.</ref> Mohammed V Boulevard has open plazas and Spanish Iberian-style architecture, particularly seen in the Roman Catholic churches.<ref>Laura M. Kidder and Sullivan, Mark (2009). Morocco. Fodors Travel Publications. Page 53. Template:ISBN.</ref> The administrative city center, main post office, and the Grand Mosque are all located on the Youssef Ben Tachfine Boulevard.<ref>Honnor, Julius (2012). Morocco Footprint Handbook. Footprint Travel Guides. Pages 397-398. Template:ISBN.</ref>

File:Night panorama over Metropolitan Nador, Morocco.jpeg

Great Nador by night.

Nature

Marchica Lagoon, to the east of the city, attracts wildlife, especially migratory birds<ref>Clammer, Paul (2014). Lonely Planet Morocco. Lonely Planet. Page 397. Template:ISBN.</ref><ref>(in German) Kohlbach, Edith (2006). Reisehandbuch Marokko. Edith-Kohlbach-Reisebücher. Page 51. Template:ISBN.</ref> The protected wetlands at Oued Moulouya and Kariat Arekman by the Moulouya River mouth are home to greater flamingos, great crested grebes, pied avocets,<ref>Searight, Susan (1999). Maverick Guide to Morocco. Pelican Publishing. Page 272. Template:ISBN.</ref> black-winged stilts, Eurasian coots, dunlins, oystercatchers, Audouin's gulls, grey herons, little egrets, spotted redshanks, black-tailed godwits, common redshanks, kingfishers, black terns, and numerous other species of terns and gulls.<ref name="marokko-info.nl"/><ref>French, Carole (2010). National Geographic Traveler Morocco. National Geographic Books. Pages 133-134. Template:ISBN.</ref> As well as being a safe haven for birds, this area is frequently visited by locals because of its natural environment.Template:Citation needed There are major freshwater and saline sites covering large areas of protected sand dunes, marsh- and swampland. Insects include damselflies, Caelifera, and numerous others. The flora includes marram grass, juniper, Cistus, and more.<ref name="marokko-info.nl"/>

Climate

Nador has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh). In winter there is more rainfall than in summer. The average annual temperature in Nador is Template:Convert. About Template:Convert of precipitation falls annually.

Neighborhoods

Main Nador city quarters and neighbourhoods include:

• Teraqqa'a (حي ترقاع)
• El Khettabi (الخطابي)
• El Kindy (الكندي)
• Laarasi (Laɛraṣi)
• Anafag / Elmatar / New Nador / Ennaḍur Amaynu (الناظور الجديد)
• Laari Shikh (Laɛri n Eccix)
• Ammas n Temdint / Centro / Centre ville (Downtown Nador)

Downtown Nador: a relatively developed area in comparison with the rest of the city. This lies in the centre of the city and was partially developed during the Spanish occupation of northern Morocco.

• Ulad Mimun (Ayt Mimun)
• Isebbanen
• Ichumay (Icumay)
• Aarrid (Ɛarriḍ)
• Ulad Barhim
• Tireqqaâ / Tireqqaɛ
• Ayt Leḥsen
• Erfid / Ibarraqen

Nador transmitter

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Near Nador is the transmission site for long- and short-wave Medi 1 Radio which broadcasts to all Maghreb countries. The aerial masts of Medi 1 Radio for long-wave are approximately Template:Cvt high and are among the tallest human-made structures in Africa.

Transport

File:Nador-city-main.jpg

Gare Nador Ville main entrance

Template:See also A railway linking Nador to Taourirt was opened on 2 July 2009 by king Mohammed VI of Morocco.<ref>Le train Nador-Taourirt, enfin sur les rails Template:Webarchive, FesPub.net.</ref><ref>King inaugurates Nador stations Template:Webarchive</ref> as part of ONCF's rail projects. Previously, there was a connecting bus link from Taourirt, also operated by railway company ONCF<ref>Timetables for the bus link can be found on the ONCF website Template:Webarchive.</ref>

In addition, several direct bus links operate between Nador and major Moroccan cities. Daily ferry services link Nador Port with Almeria in Spain and a weekly service to Sète in France.

Nador International Airport offers direct flights to Moroccan and European destinations, such as cities in France and Germany, and acts as a second airport for travellers to and from Melilla.

Roads give access to the Fes-Oujda expressway and to nearby Melilla.

Economy

The main two economic industries here are fishing and agriculture. Other types of industrial income are generated from textiles, chemicals, and numerous metallurgical industries. Recently, tourism has also become an important factor for the economy.<ref>Oxford Business Group (2007). Oxford Business Group. Page 202. Template:ISBN.</ref>

Most tourists come from other Moroccan cities,<ref>Oxford Business Group (2011). Oxford Business Group. Page 123. Template:ISBN.</ref> but Nador has also an increasing number of European visitors, some through the international ferry connections to Spain and France.<ref name="Searight, Susan 1999 Page 271">Searight, Susan (1999). Maverick Guide to Morocco. Pelican Publishing. Page 271. Template:ISBN.</ref> Nador International Airport, in which opened in 1999,<ref name="Searight, Susan 1999 Page 271"/> also serves numerous European cities, including flights to Amsterdam, Brussels, Frankfurt, Marseille, and Barcelona. The two Nador railway stations connect to the rail network of the country of Morocco. The recent boost in tourism here has inspired ambitious tourism plans for the area, endorsed by King Mohammed VI.<ref>Jacobs, Daniel and Keith Drew (2013). The Rough Guide to Morocco. Penguin. Section: Nador. Template:ISBN.</ref> With its avenues, palm-lined boulevards and brand new marina, hotels, cafés, banks, shops and restaurants press on to make it suitable for the fast-growing tourism industry.<ref name="Warson, Lucilla 2015 Page 162"/><ref name="Clammer, Paul 2014 Page 221"/>

Nador has experienced a dramatic economic growth in recent years, fueled by traditional industries, such as metallurgy, and by modern ones, i.e. electronics, chemicals, and textiles. Older industries as fishing and agriculture are still the most important income for Nadoris. Beni Enzar, on the edge of Nador, is home to Nador Port, which is one of the most crucial fishing ports on the Mediterranean coast. Nador Port also has modern naval dockyards.<ref name="Warson, Lucilla 2015 Page 162"/> Nador's farm land is extremely fertile,<ref>(in German) Kohlbach, Edith (2008). Ostmarokko. Edith-Kohlbach-Reisebücher. Page 36. Template:ISBN.</ref> and the main agricultural resources are fruits, citrus, and wine-grapes.<ref name="Searight, Susan 1999 Page 271"/>

Tourism

File:Motocross in the Boqqana of Nador.jpg

Motocross on the beach

During the summer months, Nador is visited by tens of thousands of Moroccan migrants living in Europe, who are originally from the province or from the city of Nador itself. These summer visitors contribute strongly to the development of the city.

Until early 2008 the city end of the boulevard was formed by the Rif Hotel, but in the spring of 2008 the existing hotel was demolished and the road alongside the boulevard opened and extended. This new road by-passes the city centre and runs directly towards the main roundabout at the entrance of Nador via the road to Tawima. The remaining grounds where the hotel and its facilities were located are being redeveloped into a new hotel complex: after some delay the new development is being built under supervision of Khalid El Adouli.<ref>Profile of Khalid El-Adouli, managing architect of the new Rif hotel development. Visited: 7 September 2012</ref> The new Rif complex is being built on the grounds of the former hotel minus the strip of land directly on the coast, as this is now a road and a public boulevard on reclaimed land.Template:Citation needed

The new hotel will target the high-end tourism market and also cater for business users with congress-facilities. Once re-opened it will offer a discothèque (serving alcoholic beverages) and meeting or party rooms. The hotel itself will offer 110 four-star rooms, including ten suites and also 76 apartment rooms. The budget for the redevelopment of the hotel is 356 million dirham and the total usable floorspace will be Template:Cvt.<ref name="rkempo">Information on hotel redevelopment from RKempo Community site, visited 7 September 2012</ref>

Just outside Nador a new ecological resort, Abdouna Trifa, is being developed, including holiday homes, a golf course and a marina. The total size of the new resort consists of Template:Cvt built area on a terrain of Template:Cvt. This ten-year development plan was started in 2008 by Mohammed VI, the king of Morocco.<ref>Press-release of CGI about Start of development Abdouna TrifaTemplate:Dead link (French), 15 July 2008. Downloaded: 7 September 2012</ref> Both this project as well as the new RIF Hotel are being developed by Compagnie Générale Immobiliere (CGI), part of the CDG Group.<ref>Website CGI: Our organisation Template:Webarchive (French), visited 7 September 2012</ref> When completed, the resort will consist of approx. 1700 "villas", 1300 apartments, a four-star and a five-star hotel. The development also includes a 27-hole golf-track and several other tourist facilities.

Notable people

• Achraf Ouchen - professional karateka
• Ahmed Aboutaleb - politician
• Elwalid Mimoun - artist
• Jamal Benomar - diplomat, human rights activist
• Khalid Izri - artist
• Najat Vallaud-Belkacem - politician
• Najib Amhali - comedian, actor
• Namika - musician
• Laila Chakir - musician