Nineveh Governorate
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Nineveh Governorate (Template:Langx;<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Langx,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Gregorius bar Hebraeus, “” based upon Jean Baptiste Abbeloos and Thomas Joseph Lamy (eds.), Gregorii Barhebræi (Louvain: Peeters, 1872–1877), Digital Syriac Corpus, last modified 4 May 2018, https://syriaccorpus.org/373.</ref> Template:Langx<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>) is a governorate in northern Iraq. It has an area of Template:Convert and an estimated population of 2,453,000 people as of 2003. Its largest city and provincial capital is Mosul, which lies across the Tigris river from the ruins of ancient Nineveh. Before 1976, it was called Mosul Province and included the present-day Dohuk Governorate.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The second largest city is Tal Afar, which has an almost exclusively Turkmen population.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
An ethnically, religiously and culturally diverse region, it was partly conquered by ISIS in 2014.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Iraqi government forces retook the city of Mosul in 2017.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="atlantic1020">Template:Cite news</ref>
Recent history and administrationEdit
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Its two cities endured the 2003 U.S.-led invasion of Iraq and emerged unscathed. In 2004, however, Mosul and Tal Afar were the scenes of fierce battles between US-led troops and Iraqi insurgents. The insurgents moved to Nineveh after the Battle of Fallujah in 2004.
After the invasion, the military of the province was led by (then Major General) David Petraeus of the 101st Airborne Division and later by (then Brigadier General) Carter Ham as the multi-national brigade for Iraq. During the time, the American civil head of the local office of the Coalition Provisional Authority was US Foreign Service Officer and former Kurdish refugee to the States, Herro Mustafa. Mustafa administered her nominees on the provincial council and through members of the Kashmoula family.
In June 2004, Osama Kashmoula became the interim governor of the province and in September of the same year he was assassinated en route to Baghdad. He was succeeded as interim Governor by Duraid Kashmoula, who was elected governor in January 2005. Duraid Kashmoula resigned in 2009.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In April 2009, Atheel al-Nujaifi, a hardline Arab nationalist and member of Al-Hadba, became governor.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> While al-Nujaifi's Arab Muttahidoon bloc lost its majority to the Kurdish Brotherhood and Coexistence Alliance List in the 2013 provincial election, al-Nujaifi was reelected as governor by a larger Sunni Arab coalition<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> that was later formalized as the Nahda Bloc.
In June 2014, insurgents from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (known as ISIS or ISIL) overran the capital Mosul, forcing an estimated 500,000 refugees to flee the area,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> including governor al-Nujaifi,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> who was subsequently deposed by the Iraqi Parliament.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
While the Kurdish list proposed Hassan al-Allaf, an Arab affiliated with the Islamic Party,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> the provincial council elected Nofal Hammadi (formerly Loyalty to Nineveh List) with the votes of the Nahdha bloc.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
An offensive to retake Mosul from ISIL control began in October 2016, with Iraqi and Kurdish soldiers supported by a U.S.-led coalition of 60 nations.<ref name="atlantic1020"/>
Provincial electionsEdit
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GeographyEdit
BordersEdit
The province borders the governorates of Dohuk, Kirkuk, Erbil, Saladin, and Anbar. It also shares a border with Syria, mostly Al-Hasakah Governorate, and Deir ez-Zor Governorate.
DistrictsEdit
Nineveh Governorate comprises nine districts (excluding Aqrah), listed below with their areas<ref>COSIT (Central Organization for Statistics and Information Technology), Baghdad.</ref> and populations as estimated in 2018:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
| No. | District | Name in Arabic |
Population in 2018 |
Area in sq. km |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Mosul | lang}} | 1,905,174 | 4,318 |
| 2. | Tel Afar | lang}} | 511,004 | 4,286 |
| 3. | Sinjar | lang}} | 325,816 | 3,576 |
| 4. | Al-Hamdaniya | lang}} | 210,601 | 740.6 |
| 5. | Tel Keppe | lang}} | 210,263 | 1,218 |
| 6. | Makhmūr | lang}} | 209,545 | 2,682 |
| 7. | Al-Ba'aj | lang}} | 179,520 | 8,359 |
| 8. | Al-Hadar (Hatra) | lang}} | 59,429 | 11,130 |
| 9. | Shekhan | lang}} | 43,984 | 466 |
| Total | 3,729,998 | 36,700 |
- The Eastern Bank of Tigris River.jpg
- Views around the old downtown area in April of 2019 in the city center of Shingal 19.jpg
- Saint Matthew Monastery (Der Mar Matti), overlooking Bashiqa and Bartella, between the Kurdistan Region and Iraq 15.jpg
- مقبرة تل كيف في العراق محافظة نينوى قضاء تلكيف (7).jpg
- Crazy Troop Visit Ancient Ruins of Hatra 6.jpg
- View of Shexan from the Yezidi cemetery 2.jpg
DemographicsEdit
{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= Template:Ambox }} }} Template:Historical populations Nineveh Province is multiethnic. There are significant numbers of Arabs, Assyrians, Turkmens, Kurds and Yazidis who live in both in towns and cities, and in their own specific villages and regions. There are also many Armenians, Kawliya, Mandeans and Shabaks.
The majority are Sunni Muslim, with 80% of the Arabs and Turkmens being Sunni Muslim, as well Kurds also being Sunni Muslim. About 5–10% of the population is Shia Muslim. Generally, Yazidis, Shabaks and Mandeans are followers of their respective heritage religions, Yazidism, Shabakism, and Mandaeism.
The primary spoken language is Arabic. Minority languages include Turkmen, Neo-Aramaic dialects, Kurdish (predominantly Kurmanji) and Armenian.
Proposed Assyrian autonomous regionEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Many Assyrian leaders advocate an autonomous Assyrian homeland within the Nineveh Province (mostly in the Nineveh Plains region) for the Assyrian population.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
See alsoEdit
- 2005 Nineveh governorate election
- Assyrian homeland
- Persecution of Christians by the Islamic State
- Genocide of Yazidis by the Islamic State
- List of churches and monasteries in Nineveh
- List of Yazidi settlements
- Nineveh Plains
- Proposals for Assyrian autonomy in Iraq
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
Template:Nineveh plains
Template:Provinces of Iraq
Template:Authority control