Nippon Telegraph and Telephone

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Template:Nihongo foot (NTT) is a Japanese telecommunications holding company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. Ranked 55th in Fortune Global 500, NTT is the fourth largest telecommunications company in the world in terms of revenue,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> as well as the third largest publicly traded company in Japan after Toyota and Sony, as of June 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2023, the company was ranked 56th in the Forbes Global 2000.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> NTT was the world's largest company by market capitalization in the late 1980s, and remained among the world's top 10 largest companies by market capitalization until the burst of the Dot-com bubble in the early 2000s.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The company traces its origin to the national telegraph service established in 1868, which came under the purview of the Ministry of Communications in the 1880s. In 1952, the telegraph and telephone services were spun off as the government-owned Template:Nihongo. Under Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone, the company was privatised in 1985 along with the Japanese National Railways and the Japan Tobacco and Salt Public Corporation, adopting the current name.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> While NTT has been listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange since 1985, the Japanese government still owns roughly one-third of NTT's shares, regulated by the NTT Law.

The company is incorporated pursuant to the NTT Law (Template:Nihongo foot).<ref name="NTT Law">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The purpose of the company defined by the law is to own all the shares issued by Template:Ill (NTT East) and Template:Ill (NTT West) and to ensure proper and stable provision of telecommunications services all over Japan including remote rural areas by these companies as well as to conduct research relating to the telecommunications technologies that will form the foundation for telecommunications. On 1 July 2019, NTT Corporation launched NTT Ltd., an $11 billion de facto holding company business consisting of 28 brands from across NTT Security, NTT Communications and Dimension Data.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

HistoryEdit

File:Establishment of Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation.JPG

NTT was established as a government-owned corporation in 1952.

File:Dendenkosha Logo.svg

NTT roundel logo used between 1952 and 1985. A highly modified version of this logo is still used by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan to mark telecommunications structures on their maps.

Established as a state monopoly in August 1952 to take over the Japanese telecommunications system, Template:Nihongo was privatized in 1985 to encourage competition in the country's telecom market, making Japan the second country in the world (after the United States) to deregulate its telecom market. In 1987, NTT made the largest stock offering to date, at US$36.8 billion.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Because NTT owns most of Japan's last mile infrastructure (including broadband fibre connections), it has oligopolistic control over most landlines in Japan. In order to stimulate local competition, the company was divided into a holding company (NTT) and three telecom companies (Template:Ill, Template:Ill, and NTT Communications) in 1999. The NTT Law regulating NTT East and West requires them to serve only short-distance communications and obligates them to maintain fixed-line telephone service all over the country. They are also obligated to lease their unused optical fiber (dark fiber) to other carriers at regulated rates. NTT Communications is not regulated by the NTT Law.

In July 2010, NTT and South African IT company Dimension Data Holdings announced an agreement of a cash offer from NTT for Dimension Data's entire issued share capital, in £2.12bn ($3.24bn) deal.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In late 2010, NTT's Japan-to-US transpacific network reached 400 Gbit/s. In August 2011, its network capacity was expanded to 500 Gbit/s.<ref>Sean Buckley, Fierce Telecom. "NTT's Japan to U.S. network route reaches 500 Gbps mark." Aug 3, 2011. Retrieved Aug 4, 2011.</ref>

In 2021, Nippon Telegraph & Tel issued green bonds worth about 300 billion yen ($2.7 billion). The bonds include three tranches with maturities of 3, 5 and 10 years. The proceeds will be used for environmentally friendly projects (renewable energy, energy-efficient broadband infrastructure, etc.).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Corporate history timelineEdit

1952 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation established
1979 INS Concept announced
1985 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) incorporated as a private company
1987 NTT listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
1988 NTT DATA Corporation started operations
1990 VI&P Concept announced
1992 NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. (presently NTT DOCOMO) started operations
1994 Basic Concept for the Coming Multimedia Age announced
1995 NTT DATA listed on the Second Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
1996 21st Century R&D Vision announced
1996 NTT DATA listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
1997 Digitization of communications network in Japan completed
1998 Global Information Sharing Concept announced
1998 NTT DOCOMO listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
1999 NTT's operations reorganized into a holding-company structure: businesses transferred to three new wholly owned subsidiaries (NTT East, NTT West, and NTT Communications)
2002 prefecture-based subsidiaries of NTT East and NTT West started operations
2002 "Vision for a New Optical Generation" announced
2004 NTT Urban Development Corporation listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
2004 "NTT Group's Medium-Term Management Strategy" announced
2008 announcement of a new Medium-Term Management Strategy: "Road to Service Creation Business Group"

SubsidiariesEdit

NTT Group consists of the following major companies, divided into five segments. NTT East, NTT West, NTT Communications, NTT Docomo, and NTT Data are most major subsidiaries. NTT Data is listed on the stock markets. NTT Urban Development is a subsidiary involved in real estate.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> NTT Communications' business outside of Japan became part of NTT Ltd. on 1 July 2019.<ref name=":0" />

RegionalEdit

File:Uji-PhoneBooth-M1437.jpg

NTT phonebooth

Nippon Telegraph and Telephone East Corporation (NTT East)
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone West Corporation (NTT West)

Long distance and internationalEdit

MobileEdit

NTT Docomo

Data (system integration)Edit

Dimension Data (now part of NTT Ltd. except in the Middle East and Africa Region)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Gyron Internet Ltd
NTT Data
NTT Comware
NTT Software
NTT AT
NTT IT

Information securityEdit

NTT Security (now part of NTT Ltd. as of the 1st July 2019)

R&D laboratoriesEdit

Service Innovation Laboratory Group
- Service Evolution Laboratories (Yokosuka)
- Media Intelligence Laboratories (Yokosuka)
- Software Innovation Center (Musashino and Shibaura)
- Secure Platform Laboratories (Musashino)
Information Network Laboratory Group
- Network Technology Laboratories (Musashino)
- Network Service Systems Laboratories (Musashino)
- Access Network Service Systems Laboratories (Tsukuba and Yokoska)
- Energy and Environment Systems Laboratories (Atsugi)
Science and Core Technology Laboratory Group
- Network Innovation Laboratories (Yokoska)
- Microsystem Integration Laboratories (Atsugi)
- Photonics Laboratories (Atsugi)
- Communication Science Laboratories (Keihanna and Atsugi)
- Basic Research Laboratories (Atsugi)
NTT Research, Inc. (East Palo Alto, California)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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- Physics & Informatics (PHI) Laboratory
- Cryptography and Information Security (CIS) Laboratory
- Medical and Health Informatics (MEI) Laboratory

In 2023, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)’s Annual PCT Review ranked Nippon Telegraph and Telephone's number of patent applications published under the PCT System as 10th in the world, with 1,760 patent applications being published during 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

SponsorshipEdit

Omiya Ardija and Roasso Kumamoto (Japanese football clubs formerly affiliated with NTT)
Dandelion Racing, Super Formula team affiliated with NTT Docomo.
Chip Ganassi Racing in the IndyCar Series (affiliated with NTT Data, drivers include Ryan Briscoe, Tony Kanaan, Scott Dixon, Ed Jones, and Felix Rosenqvist). In 2019, NTT also became title sponsor of the series.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation