Nonthaburi province

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}}Template:Main other NonthaburiTemplate:Efn is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 May 1946 (Thursday).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani, Bangkok, and Nakhon Pathom. Nonthaburi is the most densely populated province after Bangkok. The Bang Kwang Central Prison is in the province.

GeographyEdit

Nonthaburi is directly northwest of Bangkok on the Chao Phraya River. The province is part of the greater Bangkok Metropolitan Area. In most parts it is as urbanized as the capital,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and the boundary between the two provinces is nearly unrecognizable. There is no forest area in the province.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

HistoryEdit

Nonthaburi was declared a city in the middle of the 16th century. It was previously a village named Talat Khwan. During the reign of King Prasat Thong, a canal was dug to create a shortcut for the flow of the Chao Phraya. The river changed its flow into the new canal, which is still the riverbed today. In 1665 King Narai built a fortress, as the shorter river course was giving enemies an easier route to the capital, Ayutthaya. The town was then moved near the fortress.

From 1943 to 1946 the province was incorporated into Bangkok.

SymbolsEdit

The provincial seal shows earthenware, a traditional product of Nonthaburi. The provincial tree and flower is the yellow flame tree (Peltophorum pterocarpum). Nonthaburi is a province where the Chao Phraya River crosses from north to south, and on the ground, the Chao Phraya giant catfish (Pangasius sanitwongsei) is the provincial aquatic life.

The provincial slogan translates to "Grand royal mansion, renowned Suan Somdet, Ko Kret's pottery, famous ancient temples, tasty durians, and the beautiful government office". The royal mansion refers to Phra Tamnak Nonthaburi in Mueang Nonthaburi District, the former residence of Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn. Princess Mother Srinagarindra Garden (Suan Somdet) is a water garden with a statue of princess Srinagarindra in the Pak Kret District. The provincial administration building once received an award as the most beautiful such building by the Ministry of Interior.

AgricultureEdit

Nonthaburi province is renowned for growing the best durians in the country. Durian has been a well-known fruit in this province for 400 years.<ref name="Year of the Durian">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The fruit is known as "Durian Non" which means durian from Nonthaburi province.<ref name="stop">[1] สำนักบรรณสารสนเทส มสธ. ทุเรียนนนท์ ฝ่ายอุทยานการศึกษา สำนักการศึกษาต่อเนื่อง มหาวิทยาลัยสุโขทัยธรรมาธิราช (Accessed on 9 September 2015)</ref> It is also known as the most expensive durian in the world.<ref name="Year of the Durian" /> There are six groups of Nonthaburi durian which are Kop, Luang, Kan Yao, Kampan, Thong Yoi, and miscellaneous.<ref name="stop" /> Most durian orchards are near rivers such as the Chao Phraya. This is because the soil next to the river is good for planting which is also good for durian trees.<ref name="Year of the Durian" /> Many durian orchards have disappeared due to flooding and pollution.<ref name="stop" /> The price of durian Non depends on its group. Kan Yao is the most expensive, starting from around 10,000 baht up to 20,000 baht (or about US$600) for one durian. The Kan Yao itself is not easy to find in normal markets. The main reason for the high price is because it is rare. The recent flood in 2011 cleared out almost all of the durian trees in Nonthaburi, and only a few trees have been newly planted.<ref name="Year of the Durian" /> Also, residential areas are expanding into agricultural areas.<ref name="stop" />

HealthEdit

Nonthaburi's main hospital operated by the Ministry of Public Health is Phra Nang Klao Hospital. It is also the location of the largest psychiatric hospital in Thailand- Srithanya Hospital.

ReligionEdit

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Administrative divisionsEdit

File:Districts Nonthaburi.png

Map of Nonthaburi province with districts

File:Municipal Areas in Nonthaburi Province EN.png

Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend

Provincial governmentEdit

The province is divided into six districts (amphoes).<ref name="DOPA">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The districts are further subdivided into 52 subdistricts (tambons) and 433 villages (mubans). Template:Colbegin

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Local governmentEdit

As of 8 September 2020 there are: one Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization - PAO ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}) and twenty-two municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. The capital Nonthaburi and Pak Kret have city (thesaban nakhon) status. Further ten have town (thesaban mueang) status and ten subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon).<ref name="DOPA"/>

	City municipalities	People
1	Nonthaburi<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	254,375	2	Pak Kret<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	190,272

	Town municipalities	People
1	Mai Bang Bua Thong<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	54,554	6	Bang Kruai<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	44,138
2	Bang Bua Thong<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	51,420	7	Bang Khu Rat<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	40,070
3	Bang Rak Pattana<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	46,766	8	Bang Si Mueang<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	32,880
4	Phimon Rat<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	46,803	9	Sai Ma<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	23,316
5	Bang Mae Nang<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	45,974	10	Bang Krang<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>	23,010

	Subdistrict mun.	People
1	Plai Bang<ref name="SANITATION">Template:Cite journal</ref>	45,573	6	Bang Yai<ref name="SANITATION"/>	11,620
2	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	39,315	7	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	11,203
3	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	18,582	8	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	10,417
4	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	17,526	9	Bang Muang<ref name="SANITATION"/>	5,843
5	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	16,050	10	Sai Noi<ref name="SANITATION"/>	2,547

The non-municipal areas are administered by 23 Subdistrict Administrative
Organizations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).<ref>Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA), List of 5,324 SAO's information as of date 20 December 2019, 23 SAO's (no.1751-1776) were established in 1995 (9), in 1996 (8) and in 1997 (6).</ref>

Municipalities	Communities
citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	93
citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	41

Human achievement index 2022Edit

Health	Education	Employment	Income
File:Health icon Thai.png	File:Round Landmark School Icon - Transparent.svg	File:Employment icon.png	File:Numismatics and Notaphily icon.png
1	29	26	11
Housing	Family	Transport	Participation
File:586-house-with-garden.svg	File:Parents, enfants, famille.png	File:Groundtransport inv.svg	File:Icon Sociopolítica y relaciones internacionales (wikiproyect, es.wp).png
68	12	2	68
Province Nonthaburi, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6875 is "high", occupies place 2 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.<ref name="HAI 2565" />

Rank	Classification
1 - 13	"high"
14 - 29	"somewhat high"
30 - 45	"average"
46 - 61	"somewhat low"
62 - 77	"low"

Map with provinces and HAI 2022 rankings

File:HAI 2022 rankings.svg

Notable peopleEdit

Theerathon Bunmathan (born 1990), footballer
Tussaneeya Karnsomnut (born 1994), actress
Danupha "Milli" Khanatheeraku (born 2002), rapper and singer
Apirak Kosayodhin (born 1961), businessman, politician
Nonzee Nimibutr (born 1962), filmmaker
Busanan Ongbamrungphan (born 1996), badminton player
Thanakrit Panichwid (born 1985), singer, actor
Plaek Phibunsongkhram (1897–1964), soldier, politician
Vicharnnoi Porntawee (1948–2022), Muay Thai fighter
Surachart Pisitwuttinan (born 1950s), boxing manager and promoter
Nuamthong Praiwan (1946–2006), taxi driver, known for his suicide in protest of the 2006 coup
Srinagarindra (1900–1995), mother of Rama VIII and Rama IX
Sriarpha Ruennak (born 1956), Thai voice actress
Sri Sulalai (1770–1837), concubine of Rama II, mother of Rama III
Surush Tubwang (born 1968), singer and musician
Chavalit Yongchaiyudh (born 1932), soldier, politician