Pope Marinus I
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Pope Marinus I (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell; died 15 May 884) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 882 until his death on 15 May 884. Controversially at the time, he was already a bishop when he became pope, and had served as papal legate to Constantinople. He was also erroneously called Pope Martin II (Template:Langx) leading to the second pope named Martin to take the name Martin IV.Template:Citation needed
Ecclesiastical careerEdit
Diplomat to the EastEdit
Born at Gallese, Marinus was the son of a priest. He would become an expert on relations with the Eastern church, starting this path when he assisted as subdeacon the welcome of ambassadors of emperor Michael III in 860.<ref name="ThePapacy">Template:Cite book</ref> He was ordained as a deacon by Pope Nicholas I<ref name= McBrien>Template:Cite book</ref> and then sent in 866 to Constantinople to discuss the religious leadership over the newly converted Bulgarians though the embassy was turned back at the Byzantine border.<ref name="ThePapacy" /> Marinus was sent again in 869 as one of pope Adrian II's legates who presided over the eight ecumenical council in Constantinople which deposed the Patriarch Photios I of Constantinople. His profile became popular after and some time afterwards he became bishop of Caere, possibly to prevent that he could become archbishop of Bulgaria as one of king Boris' favourite candidates.<ref name="ThePapacy" />
On three separate occasions, he had been employed by the three popes who preceded him as legate to Constantinople, his mission in each case having reference to the controversy started by Patriarch Photios I of Constantinople.<ref name="EB1911"/><ref name= McBrien/> In 882, he was sent on behalf of Pope John VIII to Duke Athanasius of Naples to warn him not to trade with the Muslims of southern Italy.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> During that time, he also served as treasurer to the Holy See.<ref name="ThePapacy" />
PapacyEdit
Marinus I was elected to succeed John VIII as bishop of Rome from around the end of December 882.<ref name="EB1911">{{#if: |
|{{#ifeq: Marinus (popes) | |{{#ifeq: | |public domain: }}{{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:|list|wrap}}|_template=cite EB1911 |_exclude=footnote, inline, noicon, no-icon, noprescript, no-prescript, _debug| }} | }} }}{{#ifeq: | |{{#ifeq: 1 | |This article |One or more of the preceding sentences }} incorporates text from a publication now in the
| noicon=1 }}{{#ifeq: ||}}</ref> This papal election was controversial because Marinus had already been consecrated as bishop of Caere; at the time, a bishop was expected never to move to another see. Among his first acts as pope were the restitution of Formosus as cardinal bishop of Portus and the anathematizing of Photius I.<ref name=forum>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Due to his respect for Alfred the Great (r. 871–899), he freed the Anglo-Saxons of the Schola Anglorum in Rome from tribute and taxation.<ref name=forum/> He also is recorded to have sent a piece of the True Cross to Alfred as a gift.<ref>Studies in the Early History of Shaftesbury Abbey, Dorset County Council, 1999</ref> He died in May 884 and was buried in St. Peter's basilica in Rome, his successor being Adrian III.<ref name="ThePapacy" />
Name errorEdit
Because of the similarity of the names, Marinus I and Marinus II were, in some sources, mistakenly called Martinus II and Martinus III.<ref>Template:Catholic</ref>
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
External linksEdit
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