Popular Orthodox Rally

The Popular Orthodox Rally or People's Orthodox Alarm<ref>Template:Citation</ref> (Greek: Λαϊκός Ορθόδοξος Συναγερμός, Laikós Orthódoxos Synagermós), often abbreviated to LAOS (ΛΑ.Ο.Σ.) as a reference to the Greek word for people, is a Greek right-wing populist political party.<ref name="Gemenis"/><ref name="Hainsworth">Template:Citation</ref><ref name="Art">Template:Citation</ref> It was founded by journalist Georgios Karatzaferis in 2000, a few months after he was expelled from the centre-right New Democracy. Today, the party is led by Philippos Kampouris.

In 2004, LAOS secured support from the Party of Hellenism and the Hellenic Women's Political Party. In 2005, LAOS absorbed the nationalist<ref>Template:Citation</ref><ref>Template:Citation</ref> Hellenic Front.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Third-party-inline The youth branch of LAOS is the Youth of the Orthodox Rally (NEOS) (which is also a pun on the word for "youth" in Greek). The Popular Orthodox Rally was a member of the Europe of Freedom and Democracy (EFD) group in the European Parliament during the 7th European Parliament, and was a member of the Alliance of Independent Democrats in Europe, a European political party, until the AIDE's dissolution in 2008.

The party failed to reach the 3% threshold of the popular vote in the 2004 elections, with 2.2%; three months later it gained 4.12% of the vote and one seat in the 2004 European Parliamentary Elections. LAOS received 3.8% of the vote in the 2007 elections, electing 10 members of parliament. In 2009 LAOS managed to elect two representatives in the European Parliament, receiving 7.14% of the vote. After receiving 5.63% of the vote and electing 15 members of parliament in the 2009 elections, LAOS dropped below the 3% threshold in 2012 and failed to secure any seats in parliament. On 8 April 2016 LAOS joined the alliance National Unity. The party did not contest the 2019 elections or the May 2023 or June 2023 Greek legislative election.

High profile members, such as Makis Voridis, Thanos Plevris and Adonis Georgiadis, have since joined New Democracy, all three becoming ministers in the Cabinet of Kyriakos Mitsotakis, in what has been described as a "LAOSification" of the latter.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Prior to the 2023 Greek legislative election, the party's founder and long-time president, Georgios Karatzaferis, praised Mitsotakis, calling him "the best politician of the century".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

IdeologyEdit

Template:Conservatism in Greece sidebar According to the Popular Orthodox Rally, "the demarcation of the political world into the Right wing and the Left wing is no longer relevant after the end of the Cold War. Nowadays, everyone in every aspect of his or her everyday life is either in favour or against Globalization". The party claims to consist of radically diverse groups that span the entire left-right political spectrum. Party president Karatzaferis, speaking on the 6th anniversary of the party's creation, stated "We are united in the only party that has in its ranks labourers and scientists, workers and the unemployed, leftists and rightists".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Third-party-inline

Karatzaferis has described the Popular Orthodox Rally as "a profoundly democratic party", consisting of everything from a "pre-dictatorship Right" to a merger of Left and Right to a "Popular Liberalism" in official party literature. He has also stated that he supports "patriotism and social solidarity, taking from all ideologies and personalities I like. I don't care if it's called communism, liberalism or socialism."<ref name="nemecis">ND's nemesis is named Karatzaferis, 1 June 2007 Template:Dead link Template:Cbignore</ref>

However, the Popular Orthodox Rally is often characterized by opposing politicians and in the media as "far-right",<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> "populist", "radical right",<ref>See Gemenis (2008) as above, Gemenis and Dinas (2009) as above, Cas Mudde (2007), Populist radical right parties in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref> "right-wing"<ref name="right">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and "nationalist". It has also been argued that its founding declaration (now withdrawn from the web) included antidemocratic, anti-parliamentary ideas, and the proposal that decisions should be taken by a council, which would include military officers and Church officials.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Popular Orthodox Rally began as a party with an Orthodox Christian religious identity, but also one with a radically nationalist political identity. Although it has since allegedly tried to 'moderate' the nationalist part of its appeal, with some of an extreme-nationalist or neo-fascist bent, such as Konstantinos Plevris, then leaving the party to join Patriotic Alliance or other fringe political organizations, more extreme-nationalists have recently once again joined its ranks and been elected to parliament. Of the ten Popular Orthodox Rally candidates who entered the parliament in 2007, four are considered to be part of the "nationalist bloc": Makis Voridis, "Thanos" Plevris, Adonis Georgiadis, and Kiriakos Velopoulos.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Amid the Greek government-debt crisis, the party supported the first bail-out in 2010 (the only parliamentary party apart from the governing PASOK),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but thereafter voted against PASOK government on crucial votes, including the 29 June 2011 vote on austerity measures. After George Papandreou resigned in November 2011, LAOS participated along with PASOK and the ND in the government of national unity (the Papademos cabinet), but resigned from the government in February 2012 due to further austerity measures<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> and amid declining popularity in polls.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> LAOS failed to win any seats in the 2012 Greece parliamentary election, which can be attributed to its previous indecisive position.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

PlatformEdit

Template:Third-party Template:Update The main points of the Popular Orthodox Rally platform are as follows:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

No accession of Turkey to the European Union
Ban immigration from outside the European Union and deport all illegal immigrants.
Opposition to the European Constitution and the Lisbon Treaty
A strict stance in the Macedonia naming dispute; no recognition of the Republic of North Macedonia under any name that includes the term "Macedonia."
Drastic tax cuts for both individuals and small businesses.

Election resultsEdit

Hellenic ParliamentEdit

Election	Hellenic Parliament					Rank	Government	Leader
Election	Votes	%	±pp	Seats won	+/−	Rank	Government	Leader
2004	162,151	2.2%	New	Template:Composition bar	Template:Steady 0	#5	No seats	Georgios Karatzaferis
2007	271,809	3.8%	+1.6	Template:Composition bar	Template:Increase 10	#5	Opposition
2009	386,205	5.6%	+1.8	Template:Composition bar	Template:Increase 5	#4	Government (Cabinet of Lucas Papademos, 2011–2012)
May 2012	182,925	2.9%	−2.7	Template:Composition bar	Template:Decrease 15	#9	No seats
June 2012	97,099	1.6%	−1.3	Template:Composition bar	Template:Steady 0	#9	No seats
January 2015	63,669	1.0%	−0.6	Template:Composition bar	Template:Steady 0	#11	No seats
September 2015	Did not participate						No seats
2019							No seats	Nikolaos Salavrakos
May 2023							No seats
June 2023							No seats

European ParliamentEdit

European Parliament
Election	Votes	%	±pp	Seats won	+/−	Rank	Leader	EP Group
2004	252,429	4.12%	New	Template:Composition bar	New	5th	Georgios Karatzaferis	IND/DEM
2009	366,616	7.15%	+3.03	Template:Composition bar	Template:Increase 1	4th		EFD
2014	154,029	2.69%	−4.46	Template:Composition bar	Template:Decrease 2	8th		−
2019 Template:Efn	69,779	1.23%	−1.46	Template:Composition bar	Template:Steady 0	12th
2024	9,936	0.25%	−0.98	Template:Composition bar	Template:Steady 0	24th	Philippos Kampouris