Pueraria
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Pueraria is a genus of 15–20<ref name="pakistan">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> species of legumes native to south, east, and southeast Asia and to New Guinea and northern Australia.<ref name = powo/> The best known member is kudzu, also called Japanese arrowroot.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=GRIN>Template:GRIN</ref> The genus is named after 19th century Swiss botanist Marc Nicolas Puerari.
Plants in the genus are lianas, shrubs, or climbing herbs, usually with large tuberous roots. Typical habitats include seasonally-dry tropical and subtropical forest, rain forest, forest margins, and scrub vegetation, often on limestone outcrops and in rocky areas.<ref name = powo/>
The genus, as traditionally circumscribed, is polyphyletic, with different species being more related to other species in the tribe Phaseoleae.<ref name="lee">Template:Cite journal</ref> Current research, reproduced below, splits the genus into five clades, one of which defines the current monophyletic genus.<ref name=egan16/>
SpeciesEdit
The genus Pueraria is highly polyphyletic; the below list is divided by clade following the result of A.N.Egan & B.Pan (2016).<ref name=egan16>Template:Cite journal Earlier version, 2013 MSc thesis.</ref> In 2015, the authors validly published their proposal in Phytotaxa.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Template:As of, Kew Plants of the World Online database accepts these names.<ref name = powo/>
Pueraria sensu strictoEdit
Pueraria sensu stricto includes the vast majority of species in the genus. They fall into a single clade sister to or containing Nogra.<ref name=egan16/>
- P. alopecuroides Craib
- P. calycina Franch.
- P. candollei Benth.
- P. edulis Pamp.<ref name="china-names">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- P. imbricata Maesen
- P. lacei Craib
- P. mirifica Airy Shaw & Suvat. (= P. candollei var. mirifica in Egan)
- P. montana (Lour.) Merr.<ref name="china-names" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> – US invasive population comes from a hybrid of more than one of the subspecies.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- Pueraria montana var. chinensis (Ohwi) Sanjappa & Pradeep (= P. chinensis, although ILDS and the plant list instead consider P. thomsonii the synonym)
- Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Sanjappa & Pradeep (= P. lobata)
- Pueraria montana var. thomsonii (Benth.) Wiersema ex D.B. Ward (= P. thomsonii, missing in ILDS)
- P. pulcherrima (Koord.) Koord.-Schum.
- P. sikkimensis Prain
- P. tuberosa (Roxb.ex Willd.) DC. – type species<ref name="pakistan"/>
Provisionally retainedEdit
The following are not included in the 2016 study due to insufficient material for sequencing. They are accepted by POWO.<ref name=egan16/><ref name = powo/>
- P. bella Prain: conflicting proposals assigning either to the main clade or to Neonotonia (morphology).
- P. bouffordii H. Ohashi: presumably in the main clade (morphology).
- P. grandiflora Bo Pan & Bing Liu: presumably in the main clade (morphology).
- P. xyzhuii H. Ohashi & Iokawa: presumably in the main clade (morphology).
The following are not included in Egan et al. 2016 for other reasons, but are accepted by Kew POWO:<ref name = powo/>
- P. garhwalensis L.R.Dangwal & D.S.Rawat: excluded per van der Maesen (2002)
- P. neocaledonica Harms: not mentioned
Former membersEdit
The rest of the genus fall into four clades, sorted by distance from the main clade:<ref name=egan16/>
- Neustanthus Benth. – sister to Sinodolichos
- P. phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth.<ref name="china-names" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web
}}</ref> → N. phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth.
P. edulis, P. montana, and N. phaseoloides make up what is known as kudzu. The morphological differences between these species are subtle.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- N. phaseoloides var. javanicus (= P. javanica (Benth.) Benth.)
- N. phaseoloides var. phaseoloides
- N. phaseoloides var. subspicatus
- Teyleria
- P. stricta Kurz → T. stricta
- Toxicopueraria A.N.Egan & B.Pan – sister to Cologania
- P. peduncularis Grah.<ref name="china-names" /> → T. peduncularis
- P. yunnanensis Franchet.→ T. yunnanensis
- Haymondia A.N.Egan & B.Pan – notably lies out of Glycininae near Kennediinae; known for a long time to be misplaced
- P. wallichii DC. → H. wallichii
The following names are not accepted even before Egan 2016 but have seen valid publication:
- P. omeiensis Wang et Tang – P. montana:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> unaccepted name after Mount Omei.<ref name="china-names" />
- P. stracheyi Baker → Apios carnea (Wall.) Benth. ex Baker.
- P. maclurei (F. P. Metcalf) F. J. Herm. → Sinodolichos lagopus – still accepted by WFO