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Putrajaya

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Putrajaya ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}), officially the Federal Territory of Putrajaya (Template:Langx), is the administrative centre of Malaysia.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The seat of the federal government of Malaysia was moved in 1999 from Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya because of overcrowding and congestion,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> whilst the seat of the judiciary of Malaysia was later moved to Putrajaya in 2003.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Kuala Lumpur remains as Malaysia's national capital city per the constitution and is still the seat of the head of state (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) and the national legislature (Parliament of Malaysia), as well as being the country's commercial and financial centre.

The establishment of Putrajaya was the idea of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. First thought of in the 1990s, Putrajaya was envisioned to be “a laboratory for a new form of electronic government" that would emphasize new adoption of, investment in internet, media, and digital communications.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The development of Putrajaya began in August 1995 and was completed at an estimated cost of US$8.1 billion.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On 1 February 2001, Putrajaya became Malaysia's third federal territory, after Kuala Lumpur in 1974 and Labuan in 1984.<ref name=":0" /> Putrajaya is also a part of MSC Malaysia, a special economic zone that covers Klang Valley.

EtymologyEdit

Putrajaya was named after the first Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj. The name is derived from the Sanskrit language, which was then adopted into Malay; "putra" (पुत्र) means son and "jaya" (जया) means "success" or "victory"; hence Putrajaya means victorious men or people.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The name was decided in late 1994.<ref name="to">Template:Cite news</ref>

History and designEdit

File:Putrajaya City Precinct.svg
Putrajaya precincts

Prang Besar (alternately Perang Besar, which is Malay for "Great War"), was founded in 1921 on land that was jungle, as a rubber plantation by British veterans of World War I, hence its name.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Its land area of Template:Convert expanded to Template:Convert, and was merged with surrounding estates, including Estet Raja Alang, Estet Galloway and Estet Bukit Prang.

Until 1975, what is today Putrajaya, along with adjacent Cyberjaya, was under the administration of Hulu Langat District.

The vision of a new Federal Government Administrative Centre to replace Kuala Lumpur as the administrative capital emerged in the late 1980s, during the tenure of Malaysia's fourth prime minister, Mahathir bin Mohamad. A new city adjacent to Kuala Lumpur was envisioned, where the government would systematically locate its government offices within an efficient administrative hub; as opposed having government offices scattered across the congested Kuala Lumpur.<ref name=":0" /> The new city was proposed to be located between Kuala Lumpur and the new Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Two areas were proposed: Prang Besar and Janda Baik of Pahang.<ref>Template:In langTemplate:Cite book</ref> The new name Template:Em was chosen for the site.

The federal government negotiated with the state of Selangor on the prospect of another federal territory. In the mid-1990s, the federal government paid a substantial amount of money to Selangor for approximately Template:Convert of land in Prang Besar, Selangor. As a result of this land purchase, Selangor now surrounds two federal territories: Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya.

File:Putrajaya aerial view.jpg
CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Planned as a garden city and an intelligent city, 38% of the area is green spaces in which the natural landscape is enhanced.<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The plan incorporated a network of open spaces and wide boulevards. Construction began in August 1995; it was Malaysia's biggest project and one of Southeast Asia's largest, with an estimated final cost of US$8.1 billion. The entire project was designed and constructed by Malaysian companies, with only 10% imported materials.<ref name=":1" /> Most buildings in Putrajaya were built with conscious use of particular Islamic elements from the Middle East and Central Asia like those of Baghdad and Damascus, designed to reflect a cosmopolitan pan-Islamic identity emulating those regions espoused by Mahathir's government, rather than taking from homegrown elements that had taken hold in Southeast Asia or those brought from India (like the neo-Mughal buildings of Kuala Lumpur).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Post‐colonial projects of a national culture</ref>

The 1997 Asian financial crisis somewhat slowed the development of Putrajaya. 300 members of the Prime Minister's office staff moved there in 1999, and the remaining government servants moved in 2005. On 1 February 2001, the city was formally transferred to the federal government and declared Malaysia's third federal territory.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2002, KLIA Transit rail line was opened, linking Putrajaya to KLIA in Sepang. The construction of the Putrajaya Monorail, which was intended to be the city's metro system, was suspended owing to high costs. One of the monorail suspension bridges in Putrajaya remains unused.

In April 2013, the Putrajaya government signed a letter of intent (LOI) with the government of Sejong City in South Korea to mark co-operation between the two cities.<ref>"Closer ties between Putrajaya and Sejong, Korea". (Archived from the original) The Star (Malaysia). Saturday 6 April 2013. Updated on Friday 26 April 2013. Retrieved on 1 January 2014.</ref><ref>"Malaysian envoy acclaims Sejong City." (Archive) The Korea Times. 23 September 2012.</ref>

Government and politicsEdit

Government ministries and bodies remaining in Kuala Lumpur include the Ministry of Investment, Trade and Industry (MITI),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Ministry of Defence (MINDEF)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Ministry of Works (KKR), as well as Bank Negara Malaysia, Royal Malaysian Police and Malayan Railways. The Parliament of Malaysia also remained in Kuala Lumpur, as well as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia. Foreign embassies and missions except Brunei still remain in Kuala Lumpur.

The local government in Putrajaya is the responsibility of the Putrajaya Corporation (Perbadanan Putrajaya), a unique local authority. Previously it was administered by the Sepang District Council.

Putrajaya is represented in the Parliament of Malaysia by one elected MP in the Dewan Rakyat, under the seat of Putrajaya, as well as one appointed senator in the Dewan Negara.

As with the other federal territories of Malaysia, Putrajaya does not have a territorial legislature.

Parliament Seat Name Member of Parliament Party
P125 Putrajaya Mohd Radzi Md Jidin bgcolor="Template:Party color" |Template:Font color

DemographicsEdit

PopulationEdit

Template:Historical populations Template:Bar box In 2007 the population of Putrajaya was estimated to be over 30,000, which comprised mainly government servants. Government public servants have been encouraged to relocate to the city through various government subsidy and loan programs. The population had increased to 88,300 by 2015.<ref name="2015 population">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As of Q1 2024, the population of Putrajaya is estimated to be 119,700.

ReligionEdit

Template:Bar box Template:As of, the population of Putrajaya is 97.2% Muslim, 1.1% Hindu, 0.8% Christian, 0.5% Buddhist, 0.4% unknown and 0.1% other religions.

InfrastructureEdit

Government complexesEdit

File:Perdana Putra building 2005.jpg
Perdana Putra, the Prime Minister's office
File:Istana Melawati Putrajaya Dec 2006 005.jpg
Istana Melawati
File:Putrajaya Mosque 2288564202 525ee843c2.jpg
Putra Mosque

Infrastructure and places of worshipEdit

MonumentsEdit

Open spacesEdit

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  • Saujana Hijau Park, Precinct 11

Educational institutionsEdit

Kindergarten and Pre-School

Primary & Secondary Education in Putrajaya is provided by a few schools such as:

  • SK Putrajaya Presint 5 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 8 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 8 (2)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 9 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 9 (2)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11 (2)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11 (3)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 14 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 16 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 16 (2)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 17 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 18 (1)
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 18 (2)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 5 (1)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 8 (1)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 9
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 9 (2)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 11 (1)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 11 (2)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 14 (1)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 16 (1)
  • SMK Putrajaya Presint 18 (1)

There are also two elite fully residential schools in Putrajaya:

Other universities:

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

International Schools

TransportEdit

By carEdit

Major highwaysEdit

Putrajaya is surrounded by federal highways 29 on the western side and 30 on the eastern side. The South Klang Valley Expressway E26, connecting Pulau Indah to Kajang, runs through the northern end of Putrajaya. ELITE E6 exit 607 serves Putrajaya and also nearby Cyberjaya. Highway 29 interchanges with Damansara–Puchong Expressway (LDP) E11 in the northwestern corner of Putrajaya, linking the city with Puchong, Subang Jaya, Kelana Jaya and to Kepong.

Within Putrajaya, the following roads serve as the main thoroughfares of the city.

List of road bridgesEdit

File:Jambatan Seri Wawasan 4493633704 3cbff54de1.jpg
Seri Wawasan Bridge

Public transportEdit

RailEdit

Putrajaya is served by two urban rail lines: the Template:Ric line and the Template:Ric through the Template:KLRT codeTemplate:KLRT code Putrajaya Sentral transportation hub on the western border of Putrajaya. The MRT Putrajaya Line is Malaysia's fifth metro line, and the longest in the Rapid Rail network, with Putrajaya Sentral being the southern most station in the network. The KLIA Transit is one of Malaysia's two operational airport rail links, connecting KL Sentral in Kuala Lumpur to its international airport, calling at 3 stations in between including Putrajaya.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The national rail network Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM) does not serve Putrajaya. The cancelled Template:Rint Kuala Lumpur–Singapore High Speed Rail was meant to serve Putrajaya with a station at Kampung Dato Abu Bakar Baginda, about halfway between Precinct 14 and Bandar Baru Bangi.

Around 2003, plans for a monorail in Putrajaya were underway but were halted due to low population. Plans to revive the construction of the Template:Rint Putrajaya Monorail, with proposed connections to Kajang, Bandar Baru Bangi and Cyberjaya, have not yet materialised.

BusesEdit

Putrajaya Corporation provides its own stage bus services through its subsidiary Nadi Putra using natural gas-powered buses and a few electric buses. The bus service serves the entirety of Putrajaya as well as Cyberjaya and provides express bus routes to Kuala Lumpur through Puduraya and a few other nearby cities from its hubs at Putrajaya Sentral, and P&R Presint 14.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Bus stops in Putrajaya are very common too and serves Nadi Putra. Rapid KL, Causeway Link and Cityliner also provides bus services to other areas from Putrajaya Sentral such as Banting, Puchong, Bandar Utama and Petaling Jaya.

Intercity buses also serve bus routes from Putrajaya Sentral to the northern states.

International relationsEdit

Twin towns and sister citiesEdit

Putrajaya is twinned with these cities:

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ClimateEdit

Putrajaya has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round and high temperatures throughout the year. As is typical of cities, towns, and other geographical regions with this climate, Putrajaya does not have a true dry season. The average temperature in Putrajaya is 27.1 °C, which is measured at approximately 80.8 °F. Over the course of a yearly period, the rainfall averages 2307 mm in Putrajaya, which is approximately 90.8 inches.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Weather box

Image galleryEdit

Template:Wide image Template:Wide image

  • Putrajaya, Malaysia 2013.JPG

    Aerial Photograph - Oct 2013

  • Perdana Putra Putrajaya Dec 2006 003.jpg

    The Prime Minister's office at Perdana Putra

  • Putrajaya Malaysia Perbadanan-Putrajaya-01.jpg

    Perbadanan Putrajaya (Putrajaya Corporation) government complex

  • MOF Putrajaya closeup.jpg

    The Ministry of Finance complex

  • Palace of Justice Putrajaya Dec 2006 003.jpg

    Istana Kehakiman (Palace of Justice courthouse)

  • Putrajaya Walk tilt shift.jpg

    Putrajaya Walk

  • Putrajaya Night Mosque PM Office.JPG

    PM Office and Putra Mosque at night

  • Interior Sri Wawasan Bridge.jpg

    Interior view of the Seri Wawasan Bridge

  • Masjid Putrajaya.jpg

    Putra Mosque with the Prime Minister's office in the background

  • 2009-08-18-Putrajaya-Seri-Saujana.jpg

    Seri Saujana Bridge at night

  • Pullman putrajaya003.jpg

    Pullman Putrajaya Lakeside Hotel (now, DoubleTree by Hilton Putrajaya Lakeside)

  • Putrajaya-fancy-streetlamp.jpg

    Modern architecture includes streetlamps

  • Putrajaya Malaysia PICC-01.jpg

    Putrajaya International Convention Centre (PICC)

  • Putrajaya Malaysia Ministry-of-Health-Training-Management-Division-01.jpg

    Ministry of Health Building

  • Putrajaya Malaysia Seri-Gemilang-Bridge-02.jpg

    Highrises in Precinct 4

  • Putrajaya Malaysia Ministry-of-Agriculture-and-Agro-based-Industries-04.jpg

    Ministry of Agriculture and Agro Based Industry Building

See alsoEdit

Template:Portal

ReferencesEdit

Citations

Template:Reflist

General
  • {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}

Further readingEdit

  • King, Ross: Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya: Negotiating Urban Space in Malaysia, Nias Press, 2008

External linksEdit

Template:Sister project

Template:Putrajaya {{#invoke:Navbox|navbox}} Template:Multimedia Super Corridor Template:List of Asian capitals by region Template:Authority control

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