Remington Model 870

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox weapon The Remington Model 870 is a pump-action shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms Company, LLC. It is widely used by the public for shooting sports, hunting and self-defense, as well as by law enforcement and military organizations worldwide.<ref>The Handbook Of The SAS And Elite Forces. How The Professionals Fight And Win. Edited by Jon E. Lewis. p.47-Tactics And Techniques, American Army Special Forces. Robinson Publishing Ltd 1997. ISBN 1-85487-675-9</ref>

Development

The Remington 870 was the fourth major design in a series of Remington pump shotguns. John Pedersen designed the fragile Remington Model 10 (and later the improved Remington Model 29). John Browning designed the Remington Model 17 (which was later adapted by Ithaca into the Ithaca 37), which served as the basis for the Remington 31. The Model 31 was marketed as the “ball-bearing repeater” and was well-received, but its many machined and handfitted parts made the gun expensive to manufacture. Consequently, it struggled in sales compared to the Winchester Model 12. To achieve better sales, Remington produced the Model 870 in 1950, which was more modern and reliable in its construction, easy to take apart and maintain, and relatively inexpensive.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The 870 was a commercial success. Remington sold two million guns by 1973 (ten times the number of Model 31 shotguns it replaced). As of 1983, the 870 held the record for the best-selling shotgun in history, with three million sold.<ref name=Wallack>Wallack, LR. "Sixty Million Guns". 1983. In Gun Digest Treasury, Harold A. Murtz, editor, DBI Books. 1994 p.193 Template:ISBN</ref> By 1996, spurred by sales of the basic "Express" models, which were added as a lower-cost alternative to the original Wingmaster line, sales topped seven million guns. On April 13, 2009, the ten millionth Model 870 was produced.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Design details

The 870 features a bottom-loading, side ejecting receiver and a tubular magazine under the barrel. The gun comes with a plug for migratory bird hunting which reduces the magazine's capacity to two<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> rounds. It has dual action bars, internal hammer, and a bolt which locks into an extension in the barrel. The action, receiver, fire control group, safety catch and slide release catch of the Remington Model 870 shotgun are similar to those used on the Remington Model 7600 series pump-action centerfire rifles and carbines. The basic fire control group design was first used in the automatic 11–48.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Twelve gauge stocks will also interchange on the older 12-gauge-sized 20-gauge receivers, although modification is needed to fit the smaller sized 20-gauge receivers employed since the late 1970s. Several parts of the 870, such as buttstocks and magazine tubes, will interchange with the semi-automatic Remington 1100 and 11–87.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The original 870 models were offered with fixed chokes. In 1986 Remington introduced the new Remington "Rem Choke" system of screw-in chokes (also fitted to Remington model 1100 auto-loading shotguns at the same time). Initially, the Rem Chokes were offered only in 12 gauge in barrel lengths of Template:Cvt. The following year the availability was expanded to the 20 gauge and included other barrel lengths.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

The 870's production for over 30 years had a design flaw whereby a user could fail to press a shell all the way into the magazine when loading – so that the shell latch did not engage the shell – which could result in tying up the gun. This was caused by the shell slipping out of the magazine under the bolt in the receiver to bind the action, requiring rough treatment of the action or even disassembly. The potential issue was resolved with the introduction of the "Flexi Tab" carrier. Guns with this modification can be identified by the U-shaped cut-out on the carrier, visible from below the gun. The cut-out, combined with modified machining on the underside of the slide assembly, allows the action to be opened with a shell on the carrier.

Variants

File:Rem-870-Police.jpg

Remington 870 Police Magnum 14 inch barrel (customize painted with cerakote color "Gunmetal")

File:Remington-870-Express-Tactical.jpg

Remington 870 Express Tactical fitted with aftermarket Remington ShurShot stock.

File:Remington 870 Wmaster.jpg

Remington Model 870 Wingmaster with 20" Home Defence barrel.

File:Flickr - ~Steve Z~ - 870.jpg

Remington 870 fitted with a pistol grip, Surefire light, and M4-type stock

There are hundreds of variations of the Remington 870 in 12, 16, 20, 28 gauges and .410 bore. All Remington 870 versions are built on the same platform and receiver, but there are small differences that can be more than just cosmetic. In 1969, Remington introduced 28 gauge and .410 bore models on a new scaled-down receiver size, and in 1972, a 20-gauge Lightweight ("LW") version was introduced on the same sized receiver, and all of the smaller gauges today are produced on that size receiver. From the original fifteen models offered, Remington currently produces dozens of models for civilian, law enforcement, and military sales.

The maximum shell length that can be used in a Remington 870 depends on the barrel and receiver of the particular model. While the receiver length determines whether a shell will feed, the chamber length in the barrel determines if it will be safe to fire. For 12 gauge 870s, the maximum shell length is Template:Frac in (70 mm) for non-magnums, 3 in (76 mm) for magnums, and Template:Frac in (89 mm) for super magnums. Since barrels can be changed, it is important to also check the barrel markings to ensure the chosen cartridge length is safe to use.

870 variants can be grouped into the following:

Model	Gauge	Barrel Length	Barrel Type	Description
FieldMaster Deer	12 gauge	Template:Cvt	Fully rifled	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
410 Turkey TSS	.410-bore	Template:Cvt	Vent Rib, Rem Choke	Extended full choke, TRUGLO rail system. Receiver milled for maximum strength and reliability.<ref name=":0" />
Turkey Camo	12-gauge	Template:Cvt	Vent Rib, Rem Choke	Pump action with full Rem Choke. Matte black finish on barrel and receiver. Synthetic stock. Shoots both 2 3/4" and 3".<ref name=":0" />
SPS Superslug	12-gauge	Template:Cvt	Fully rifled extra heavy (fluted)	Drilled and tapped sights, Matte black finish. Synthetic stock.<ref name=":0" />
Fieldmaster	12-gauge, 20-gauge	Template:Cvt	Vent rib Rem Choke and fully rifled	Bead and rifle sights, satin black carbon steel receiver finish, American walnut satin stock finish.<ref name=":0" />
Fieldmaster Synthetic	12-gauge, 20-gauge	Template:Cvt	Vent rib Rem Choke and fully rifled	Bead and rifle sights, satin blue receiver finish, matte black synthetic stock finish.<ref name=":0" />
Special Purpose Marine Magnum	12-gauge	Template:Cvt	Cylinder choke	Corrosion resistant utility gun with synthetic stock.<ref name=":0" />
SPS Super Mag Turkey Predator	12-gauge (Template:Frac", 3" and Template:Frac")	Template:Cvt	Rem Choke	Slide action with pistol grip stock and black overmolded grip panels.<ref name=":0" />
Super Magnum Flyaway	12-gauge (Template:Frac", 3" and Template:Frac")	Template:Cvt	Vent rib, Rem Choke	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Super Magnum Turkey/Waterfowl Camo	12-gauge (Template:Frac", 3" and Template:Frac")	Template:Cvt	Vent rib, Rem Choke	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Wingmaster	12-gauge (Template:Frac" and 3"), 20-gauge, and .410-bore	Template:Cvt	Vent Rib, Rem Choke	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Fieldmaster Fully Rifled Cantilever	12-gauge	Template:Cvt	Fully rifled	Fully rifled barrel with black satin finish and walnut stock with fore-end rubber recoil pads.<ref name=":1" />

Unlicensed Norinco Copies

Chinese arms company Norinco has made unlicensed copies of the Remington 870, as the design is no longer under patent protection. The most common of these designs are the Hawk Industries Type 97, Norinco HP9-1 and M-98, the difference being that the HP9-1 has either a 12.5" or 14" barrel, whereas the M-98 has an 18.5" barrel and the Type 97 Military version uses magazines.<ref name="Cutshaw2011">Template:Cite book</ref> In the United States, where most Norinco products are specifically non-importable,<ref name="Peterson2008">Template:Cite book</ref> this shotgun was imported and sold under the names Norinco Hawk 982 and Interstate Hawk 982.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Users

File:Remington Model 870 Users.png

A map with Remington Model 870 users in blue

File:Maritime Safety & Security Team (MSST) 91106.jpg

A U.S. Coast Guard petty officer from Maritime Safety and Security Team 91106 armed with an Mk870P fitted with a Trijicon RX01 reflex sight and a Speedfeed stock

File:USAF 870 Shotgun.JPEG

The Remington 870 12-gauge shotgun loaded with pyrotechnical shells (blanks) is seen here used as a last resort to scare off unwanted birds in flight from the vicinity of Incirlik Air Base

File:6 SFS marine patrol airmans magazine.jpg

A U.S. Air Force Security Forces Marine Patrol airwoman from MacDill AFB with an M870

Country	Organization name	Quantity	Date	Reference
Template:AUS	Australian Defence Force	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
{{#invoke:flag	Austria}}	EKO Cobra	_	_	<ref name="bmi.gv.at">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Austrian armed forces
{{#invoke:flag	Belgium}}	Federal Police Special Units	_	_	<ref name="bmi.gv.at"/>
	Belgian Armed Forces	_	2008	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	First Special Forces Battalion (BFEsp)	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:CAN	Canadian Armed Forces	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)	_	_	<ref name="Alberta Justice report" />
	Canadian Coast Guard (CCG)	_	_	<ref name="Canada seeking to cooperate with Russia in the Arctic October 25, 2016">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Ontario Provincial Police (OPP)	_	_	<ref name="Alberta Justice report">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	London Police Service (LPS)	_	_	<ref name="Police standoff at Tafalgar Street house ends May 22, 2017">Template:Cite news</ref>
{{#invoke:flag	Finland}}	Finnish Army (designated pumppuhaulikko 12 HAUL REM 870)	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:GER	Bundeswehr, GSG 9, and Spezialeinsatzkommandos	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
{{#invoke:flag	Greece}}	EKAM counter-terrorist unit of the Hellenic Police	_	_	<ref name="astymonia2004">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flagu	Royal Hong Kong Regiment	_	_	<ref name="RHKR_Weapon">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
{{#invoke:flag	Ireland}}	Army Ranger Wing, Special Detective Unit, Emergency Response Unit	_	2000	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:ISR	Israel Defense Forces and YAMAM	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
{{#invoke:flag	Luxembourg}}	Unité Spéciale de la Police group of the Grand Ducal Police	_	_	<ref name="Unofficial">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="RAIDS">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="ARMAS">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:MYS	Various special operations such as: Grup Gerak Khas JMF Elite Forces Pasukan Khas Laut (PASKAL) Pasukan Khas Udara (PASKAU) Pasukan Gerakan Khas Unit Gempur Marin Grup Taktikal Khas	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:POR	Portuguese Marine Corps	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Sierra Leone Police	51+	After 2001	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}Template:Self-published source</ref>
{{#invoke:flag	Sweden}}	Swedish Armed Forces (designated "Understödsvapen 870")	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
{{#invoke:flag	Switzerland}}	Swiss Armed Forces (designated Mehrzweckgewehr 91; MzGw 91)	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:KOR	Republic of Korea Navy Special Warfare Brigade	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:TWN	Taiwan Coast Guard, Taiwan Reserve Army (T85 Shotgun)	_	_	<ref name="Taiwan Coast Guard">Template:Cite magazine</ref>
Template:GBR	United Kingdom Special Forces (designated L74A1), Police Service of Northern Ireland and Specialist Firearms Officers as a breaching weapon	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:USA	U.S. Border Patrol	_	_	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	U.S. Department of Education	27	2010	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	U.S. Military (designated M870)	_	_	<ref name="Marine">Template:Cite book</ref>
	U.S. Secret Service	1,600	2001	<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). Template:ISBN.</ref>
	Federal Bureau of Investigation	-	-	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Internal Revenue Service	60	2010	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Various police forces such as: California Highway Patrol (since 1965)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Cambridge Police Department (Massachusetts)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Los Angeles Police Department<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Sparta, New Jersey<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Alaska Department of Corrections<ref name="diez2000">Diez, Octavio (2000). Armament and Technology. Lema Publications, S.L. Template:ISBN.</ref> Pennsylvania State Police<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	2 (Cambridge PD)	_
Template:VIE	Mobile Police Force (Canh Sat Co Dong)	_	_

See also

• Combat shotgun
• Knight's Armament Company Masterkey
• List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces

External links

• Remington page for 870
• A guide to Collecting Remington 870 Shotguns from Remington Society
• Remington page for 870 Tactical
• Remington Military MCS page Template:Webarchive
• Important differences between Remington 870 Police and 870 Express shotguns