Rizatriptan

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Rizatriptan, sold under the brand name Maxalt among others, is a medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches.<ref name="Maxalt FDA label" /><ref name=AHFS2019/> It is taken by mouth.<ref name="Maxalt FDA label" /><ref name=AHFS2019>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It can also be applied on the tongue.<ref name="Rizafilm FDA label" /> It is a serotonin (5-HT) 1B/1D receptor agonist (triptan).<ref name="Maxalt FDA label" /><ref name="Rizafilm FDA label" />

Common side effects include chest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Other side effects may include myocardial infarction, stroke, high blood pressure, serotonin syndrome, and anaphylaxis.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Excessive use may result in medication overuse headaches.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Use is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended within 24 hours after taking a dose.<ref name=BNF76/> Rizatriptan is in the triptan class and is believed to work by activating the 5-HT₁ receptor.<ref name=AHFS2019/>

Rizatriptan was patented in 1991 and came into medical use in 1998.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=Fis2006>Template:Cite book</ref> It is available as a generic medication.<ref name=BNF76>Template:Cite book</ref> In 2022, it was the 190th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2Template:Nbspmillion prescriptions.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Rizatriptan is available in combination with meloxicam as meloxicam/rizatriptan.

Medical usesEdit

Rizatriptan is indicated to treat acute migraine attacks with or without aura.<ref name="Maxalt FDA label" /><ref name="Rizafilm FDA label" /> It does not prevent future migraine attacks.<ref name="MedlinePlus">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> A 2010 review found rizatriptan to be more efficacious and tolerable than sumatriptan.<ref name="rizavssuma">Template:Cite journal</ref>

ContraindicationsEdit

Rizatriptan and other triptans can cause vasoconstriction, they are contraindicated in people with cardiovascular conditions.<ref name="tenyears"/>

Adverse effectsEdit

Frequent adverse effects (incidence less than 10%) are dizziness, drowsiness, asthenia/fatigue, and nausea. Clinical adverse experiences were typically mild and short-lasting (2–3 hours).<ref name="tenyears">Template:Cite journal</ref>

InteractionsEdit

Propranolol<ref name="Millson 2000">Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Explain

Mechanism of actionEdit

Template:Further Rizatriptan acts as an agonist at serotonin 5-HT_1B and 5-HT_1D receptors.<ref name="Wellington 2002">Template:Cite journal</ref> Like the other triptans sumatriptan and zolmitriptan, rizatriptan induces vasoconstriction—possibly by inhibiting the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory neurons in the trigeminal nerve.<ref name="Wellington 2002"/>

Society and cultureEdit

Brand namesEdit

Brand names include Rizalt, Rizalt RPD, Rizact (India), Rizafilm,<ref name="Rizafilm FDA label" /> Maxalt,<ref name="Maxalt FDA label" /> and Maxalt-MLT.<ref name="Maxalt FDA label" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

ReferencesEdit

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