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Robert Adam

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File:Robert Adam by James Tassie (medallion).jpg
Robert Adam by James Tassie (medallion)

Robert Adam Template:Post-nominals (3 July 1728Template:Spnd3 March 1792) was a British neoclassical architect, interior designer and furniture designer. He was the son of William Adam (1689–1748), Scotland's foremost architect of the time, and trained under him. With his older brother John, Robert took on the family business, which included lucrative work for the Board of Ordnance, after William's death.

In 1754, he left for Rome, spending nearly five years on the continent studying architecture under Charles-Louis Clérisseau and Giovanni Battista Piranesi. On his return to Britain he established a practice in London, where he was joined by his younger brother James. Here he developed the "Adam Style", and his theory of "movement" in architecture, based on his studies of antiquity and became one of the most successful and fashionable architects in the country. Adam held the post of Architect of the King's Works from 1761 to 1769.

Robert Adam was a leader of the first phase of the classical revival in England and Scotland from around 1760 until his death.<ref>Pevsner, p. 237</ref> He influenced the development of Western architecture, both in Europe and in North America. Adam designed interiors and fittings as well as houses.<ref>Adam silver (1953). Victoria & Albert Museum, London. Her Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO), p. 1.</ref> Much of his work consisted of remodelling existing houses, as well as contributions to Edinburgh's townscape and designing romantic pseudo-mediaeval country houses in Scotland.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

He served as the member of Parliament for Kinross-shire from 1768 to 1774.<ref name="Waterston">Template:Cite book</ref>

BiographyEdit

Early lifeEdit

File:High School, Blackfriars 1578.jpg
Royal High School (1578–1777) on site of Blackfriars Monastery, Edinburgh.

Adam was born on 3 July 1728 at Gladney House in Kirkcaldy, Fife, the second son of Mary Robertson (1699–1761), the daughter of William Robertson of Gladney, and architect William Adam.<ref name="celebration" /><ref>Template:Cite ODNB</ref> As a child he was noted as having a "feeble constitution".<ref>Fleming, p. 76</ref> From 1734 at the age of six Adam attended the Royal High School, Edinburgh<ref>Graham, p. 2</ref> where he learned Latin (from the second year lessons were conducted in Latin)<ref name="Graham, p. 4">Graham, p. 4</ref> until he was 15, he was taught to read works by Virgil, Horace, Sallust and parts of Cicero and in his final year Livy.<ref name="Graham, p. 4"/>

In autumn 1743, he matriculated at the University of Edinburgh,<ref name="Graham, p. 26">Graham, p. 26</ref> and compulsory classes for all students were: the Greek language, logic, metaphysics and natural philosophy.<ref name="Graham, p. 26"/> Students could choose three elective subjects, Adam attended classes in mathematics, taught by Colin Maclaurin, and anatomy, taught by Alexander Monro primus.<ref>Graham, p. 27</ref> His studies were interrupted by the arrival of Bonnie Prince Charlie and his Highlanders, who occupied Edinburgh during the Jacobite rising of 1745. At the end of the year, Robert fell seriously ill for some months, and it seems unlikely that he returned to university, having completed only two years of study.<ref>Fleming, pp. 79–80</ref>

On his recovery from illness in 1746, he joined his elder brother John as apprentice to his father. He assisted William Adam on projects such as the building of Inveraray Castle and the continuing extensions of Hopetoun House. William's position as Master Mason to the Board of Ordnance also began to generate much work, as the Highlands were fortified following the failed Jacobite revolt. Robert's early ambition was to be an artist rather than architect, and the style of his early sketches in the manner of Salvator Rosa are reflected in his earliest surviving architectural drawings, which show picturesque gothic follies.<ref name="Fleming81">Fleming, p. 81</ref> William Adam died in June 1748, and left Dowhill, a part of the Blair Adam estate which included Dowhill Castle, to Robert. From his father, Robert inherited an extensive library and extended it.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Architectural practice in EdinburghEdit

File:Hopetoun03.JPG
Entrance front of Hopetoun House, designed by William Adam and modified by the Adam Brothers

On William Adam's death, John Adam inherited both the family business and the position of Master Mason to the Board of Ordnance. He immediately took Robert into partnership, later to be joined by James Adam. The Adam Brothers' first major commission was the decoration of the grand state apartments on the first floor at Hopetoun House, followed by their first "new build" at Dumfries House. For the Board of Ordnance, the brothers were the main contractor at Fort George, a large modern fort near Inverness designed by military engineer Colonel William Skinner. Visits to this project, begun in 1750, would occupy the brothers every summer for the next 10 years, and, along with works at many other barracks and forts, provided Robert with a solid foundation in practical building.<ref>Fleming, pp. 85–86</ref>

In the winter of 1749–1750, Adam travelled to London with his friend, the poet John Home. He took the opportunity for architectural study, visiting Wilton, designed by Inigo Jones, and the Queens Hermitage in Richmond by Roger Morris. His sketchbook of the trip also shows a continuing interest in Gothic architecture.<ref>Fleming, p. 85</ref>

Among his friends at Edinburgh were the philosophers Adam Ferguson and David Hume and the artist Paul Sandby whom he met in the Highlands. Other Edinburgh acquaintances included Gilbert Elliot, William Wilkie, John Home and Alexander Wedderburn.<ref name="Fleming81"/>

Grand TourEdit

File:SPLIT-Adam plan restitution.jpg
Plan of the Diocletian palace in Split, Croatia. R. Adam 1764
File:Peristyle of Diocletian's Palace in Split, Robert Adam, 1764 (cropped).jpg
Peristyle of Diocletian's Palace in Split, Croatia. R. Adam 1764

On 3 October 1754, Robert Adam in the company of his brother James (who went as far as Brussels) set off from Edinburgh for his Grand Tour, stopping for a few days in London, where they visited the Mansion House, London, St Stephen Walbrook,<ref>Graham, p. 47</ref> St Paul's Cathedral, Windsor, Berkshire, in the company of Thomas Sandby who showed them his landscaping at Windsor Great Park and Virginia Water Lake.<ref>Graham, p. 48</ref> They sailed from Dover arriving in Calais<ref>Graham, p. 50</ref> on 28 October 1754.<ref>Graham, p. 52</ref> He joined Charles Hope-Weir, brother of the Earl of Hopetoun in Brussels<ref>Graham, p. 54</ref> and together they travelled to Rome.<ref>Graham, p. 49</ref> Hope agreed to take Adam on the tour at the suggestion of his uncle, the Marquess of Annandale, who had undertaken the Grand Tour himself. While in Brussels the pair attended a Play and Masquerade, as well as visiting churches and palaces in the city.<ref>Graham, p. 53</ref> Travelling on to Tournai, then Lille, where they visited the citadel designed by Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban.<ref>Graham, p. 53-54</ref> By 12 November 1754 Adam and Hope were in Paris where they took lodgings in Hotel de Notre Dame.<ref>Graham, p. 55</ref>

Adam and Hope travelled on to Italy together, before falling out in Rome over travelling expenses and accommodation. Robert Adam stayed on in Rome until 1757, studying classical architecture and honing his drawing skills. His tutors included the French architect and artist Charles-Louis Clérisseau, and the Italian artist Giovanni Battista Piranesi. Here, he became acquainted with the work of the pioneering classical archaeologist and art historian, theorist Johann Joachim Winckelmann. On his return journey, Adam and Clerisseau spent time intensively studying the ruins of Diocletian's Palace at Spalatro in Dalmatia (now known as Split, in modern Croatia).<ref>C.M. Hogan, "Diocletian's Palace", The Megalithic Portal, A. Burnham ed, 6 Oct 2007</ref> These studies were later published as Ruins of the Palace of the Emperor Diocletian at Spalatro in Dalmatia in 1764.

Architectural practice in LondonEdit

File:Admiralty Screen.jpg
Admiralty Screen 1759–61, Whitehall, London, one of Adam's first executed buildings after his grand tour
File:Kedleston Hall 20080730-06.jpg
Kedleston Hall in Derbyshire. The south front by Robert Adam, based on the Arch of Constantine in Rome

He returned to Britain in 1758 and set up in business in London with his brother James Adam. They focused on designing complete schemes for the decoration and furnishing of houses. Palladian design was popular, and Robert designed a number of country houses in this style,<ref>Roth, p. 397</ref> but he evolved a new, more flexible style incorporating elements of classical Roman design alongside influences from Greek, Byzantine and Baroque styles.<ref>Roth, p. 402</ref> The Adam brothers' success can also be attributed to a desire to design everything down to the smallest detail, ensuring a sense of unity in their design. In Adam interiors, all the furnishings were custom designed to accord with the decoration of the room in a unified harmony. Often the carpets were woven to match the intricate patterns of the ceiling above, while every fitting including sconces, mirrors, and doorknobs also received a custom design emulating the motifs of the room.<ref name="Parissien"/><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Template:Infobox UK legislation The Adam practice was not without mishap, however. In 1768 the brothers purchased a 99-year lease for a marshy plot of land beside the Thames in Westminster, where they built a 24-house terrace development known as the Adelphi.<ref name="Parissien">Template:Cite book</ref> The project was very ambitious and is the first instance where terraced houses were designed individually to give unified harmony to the whole development (previously terraced houses were built to one replicated design, side-by-side around a square).<ref name="Parissien"/> However, the project became a white elephant for Robert and his brothers, with uncertain financing and costs spiralling out of control. The houses were built on a huge artificial terrace resting on vaulted substructures on the level of the Thames, which Robert Adam was certain could be leased to the British government as warehouses. However, this intention failed to materialize; the Adam brothers were left with huge debts and, in 1772, had to lay off 3,000 workmen and cease building. Robert Adam himself moved into one of the houses in the Adelphi, along with supportive friends like David Garrick and Josiah Wedgwood, who opened a showroom for his ceramics in one of the houses. In 1774, a public lottery authorised under the Template:Visible anchor (13 Geo. 3. c. 75) was held to raise funds for the brothers, which allowed them to avert bankruptcy.<ref name="Parissien"/>

Public lifeEdit

File:Pulteney Bridge, Bath 2.jpg
One of Adam's masterpieces: Pulteney Bridge, Bath

Adam was elected a fellow of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce in 1758 and of the Society of Antiquaries in 1761, the same year he was appointed Architect of the King's Works (jointly with Sir William Chambers). His younger brother James succeeded him in this post when he relinquished the role in 1768 to devote more time to his elected office as member of Parliament for Kinross-shire.

Architectural styleEdit

Adam rejected the Palladian style, as introduced to England by Inigo Jones, and advocated by Lord Burlington, as "ponderous" and "disgustful".<ref name="G&M106">Glendinning and McKechnie, p. 106</ref> However, he continued their tradition of drawing inspiration directly from classical antiquity, during his four-year stay in Europe.<ref name="G&M106"/> Adam developed a new style of architectural decoration, one which was more archaeologically accurate than past neoclassical styles, but nonetheless innovative and not bound only by ancient precedents. In Works in Architecture, co-authored by Robert and James, the brothers stated that Graeco-Roman examples should "serve as models which we should imitate, and as standards by which we ought to judge."<ref name="Parissien"/> The discoveries being made in Herculaneum and Pompeii at the time provided ample material for Robert Adam to draw on for inspiration.<ref name="Parissien"/>

The Adam brothers' principle of "movement" was largely Robert's conception, although the theory was first written down by James. "Movement" relied on dramatic contrasts and diversity of form, and drew on the picturesque aesthetic. The first volume of the Adam brothers' Works (1773) cited Kedleston Hall, designed by Robert in 1761, as an outstanding example of movement in architecture.

By contrasting room sizes and decorative schemes, Adam applied the concept of movement to his interiors also. His style of decoration, described by Pevsner as "Classical Rococo", drew on Roman "grotesque" stucco decoration.<ref name="G&M106"/><ref>Pevsner, p. 238</ref>

InfluenceEdit

File:Bookcase, Robert Adam (1728-1792), 1776 -IMG 1604.JPG
Adam designed bookcase 1776, probably built by Thomas Chippendale

Adam's work had influenced the direction of architecture and design across the western world. In England his collaboration with Thomas Chippendale resulted in some of the finest neoclassicist designs of the time, most notably in the Harewood House collection of Chippendale's work. In North America, the Federal style owes much to neoclassicism as practised by Adam. In Europe, Adam notably influenced Charles Cameron, the Scotsman who designed apartments in the Catherine Palace, Tsarskoye Selo and other Russian palaces for Catherine the Great.<ref>Glendinning & McKechnie, p. 108</ref> However, by the time of his death, Adam's neoclassicism was being superseded in Britain by a more severe, Greek phase of the classical revival, as practised by James "Athenian" Stuart. The Adam brothers employed several draughtsmen who would go on to establish themselves as architects, including George Richardson, and the Italian Joseph Bonomi, who Robert originally hired in Rome.

Written worksEdit

During their lifetime Robert and James Adam published two volumes of their designs, Works in Architecture of Robert and James Adam (in 1773–1778 and 1779; a third volume was published posthumously, in 1822).

Death and burialEdit

Adam had long suffered from stomach and bowel problems,<ref name="Graham">Graham, Roderick (2009) Arbiter of Elegance: A Biography of Robert Adam, Birlinn, Template:ISBN, pp. 328–329</ref> probably caused by a peptic ulcer and irritable bowel syndrome. While at home – 11 Albemarle Street, London – on 1 March 1792, one of the ulcers burst, and on 3 March Adam died.<ref name="Graham" />

The funeral was held on 10 March; he was buried in the south aisle of Westminster Abbey.<ref name="Graham" /> The pall-bearers were several of his clients: Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch; George Coventry, 6th Earl of Coventry; James Maitland, 8th Earl of Lauderdale; David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield; Lord Frederick Campbell and Sir William Pulteney, 5th Baronet.<ref name="Graham" />

Knowing he was dying, he drafted his will on 2 March 1792. Having never married, Adam left his estate to his sisters Elizabeth Adam and Margaret Adam.<ref name="Graham" />

His obituary appeared in the March 1792 edition of The Gentleman's Magazine:<ref>Graham, p. 330</ref>

It is somewhat remarkable that the Arts should be deprived at the same time of two of their greatest ornaments, Sir Joshua Reynolds and Mr Adam: and it is difficult to say which of them excelled most in his particular profession. ... Mr Adam produced a total change in the architecture of this country: and his fertile genius in elegant ornament was not confined to the decoration of buildings, but has been diffused to every branch of manufacture. His talents extend beyond the lie of his own profession: he displayed in his numerous drawings in landscape a luxuriance of composition, and an effect of light and shadow, which have scarcely been equalled ... to the last period of his life, Mr Adam displayed an increasing vigour of genius and refinement of taste: for in the space of one year preceding his death, he designed eight great public works, besides twenty five private buildings, so various in their style, and so beautiful in their composition, that they have been allowed by the best judges, sufficient of themselves, to establish his fame unrivalled as an artist.

He left nearly 9,000 drawings, 8,856 of which (by both Robert and James Adam) were subsequently purchased in 1833 for £200 by the architect John Soane and are now at the Soane Museum in London.<ref>page 11, The Adam Brothers in Rome: Drawings from the Grand Tour, A.A. Tait, 2008 Scala Publishers Ltd, Template:ISBN</ref>

List of architectural worksEdit

Works include:<ref>David King, The Complete Works of Robert & James Adam, 1991, Butterworth</ref>

Public buildingsEdit

  • Edinburgh City Chambers.jpg

    City Chambers, Edinburgh

  • AdamBrothersRecordsOfficeEdinburgh1775.jpg

    Register House, Edinburgh

  • Register House cross section.jpg

    Register House, cross section, Edinburgh

  • Register House, Edinburgh.jpg

    Register House, Edinburgh

  • Old College.JPG

    Old College Edinburgh, Dome added later

  • Bury St Edmunds - Market Cross.jpg

    Market Cross, Bury St Edmunds

  • Drury lane facade 1775.png

    Theatre Royal Drury Lane, London, rebuilt

  • Edinburgh from Calton Hill 2.jpg

    Edinburgh Bridewell in foreground, demolished

  • Pulteney Bridge Bath.jpg

    Pulteney Bridge, Bath

  • Little Market House - geograph.org.uk - 1127978.jpg

    Little Market Hall, High Wycombe

  • McLennan Arch - geograph.org.uk - 277897.jpg

    McLennan Arch, Glasgow, built from the remains of Glasgow Assembly Rooms

  • The Kedleston Hotel and Restaurant - geograph.org.uk - 284906.jpg

    Kedleston Hotel, Quarndon

  • Coutts 20130414 170.jpg

    Coutts Bank, John Adam Street, demolished and replaced with this building

  • Register House rotunda (2892537345).jpg

    Register House Edinburgh, interior of the dome

ChurchesEdit

  • Mistley Church by Robert and James Adam. Published 1776.jpg

    Mistley Church as built

  • Mistley towers 700.jpg

    Mistley Church as it survives

  • St Andrew, Gunton, Norfolk - geograph.org.uk - 318535.jpg

    St. Andrew's Church Gunton

  • Yester Chapel.jpg

    Yester Chapel, west front

MausoleumsEdit

  • Old Calton David Hume.jpg

    David Hume Mausoleum

  • The Templetown Mausoleum - geograph.org.uk - 78372.jpg

    Templetown Mausoleum

  • The Johnstone Mausoleum, Bentpath - geograph.org.uk - 208025.jpg

    Johnstone Family Mausoleum, Bentpath

Urban domestic workEdit

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  • Charlotte Square - geograph.org.uk - 105918.jpg

    North side, Charlotte Square, Edinburgh

  • Bute House, Edinburgh, Scotland.jpg

    Centre of North side, Charlotte Square, Edinburgh

  • Chandos House.jpg

    Chandos House London

  • Home House 05.jpg

    Music Room, Home House, London

  • Home House 09.jpg

    Drawing Room, Home House, London

  • HomeHouseEtruscanRoom.jpg

    Design for the Etruscan Room, Home House, London

  • Home House 10.jpg

    Detail of the Etruscan Room, Home House, London

  • Home House 03.jpg

    Staircase, Home House, London

  • Home House 04.jpg

    Staircase Dome, Home House, London

  • Fitzroy Square S.jpg

    South side, Fitzroy Square, London

  • Fitzroy Square E.jpg

    East side, Fitzroy Square, London

  • Polish Embassy 47 Portland Place London.jpg

    Surviving Adam Houses, Portland Place, London

  • Adelphi 20130414 161.jpg

    The Adelphi, London, largely demolished

  • WLA vanda Robert Adam Ceiling roundel with octagon and Apollo and Horae.jpg

    Robert Adam ceiling from the Adelphi, now in the V&A

  • WLA vanda Model of Northumberland House.jpg

    Model of the Glass Drawing Room Northumberland House, in the V&A

  • WLA vanda glass drawing room Northumberland House.jpg

    Panels from the Glass Drawing Room Northumberland House, in the V&A

  • Derby Great withdrawing room Countess's Dressing room.jpg

    Design for fireplaces in the withdrawing room and the Countess of Derby's dressing room, Derby House

  • Derby House 2nd withdrawing room.jpg

    Drawing Room, Derby House

  • Dercy House drawing-room1777.jpg

    Drawing Room, Derby House

  • Derby House1777.jpg

    Plan, Derby House

  • AdamBrothersCountessofDerbysDressingroomEtruscanTaste1777.jpg

    Ceiling, Countess of Derby's Dressing Room, Derby House

  • Robert and James Adam. Details for Derby House in Grosvenor Square. Published 1777.jpg

    Details for Derby House in Grosvenor Square, an example of the Adam Brothers' decorative designs

  • RobertJamesAdamengravedJohnRobertsfacadeWatkinWilliamsWynnStJames1777.jpg

    20 St. James's Square, London, front facade

  • 20 St James's Square - elevation of the offices towards the back court 1777.jpg

    20 St. James's Square, London, rear facade

  • Wynn House Dining Room ceiling 1777.jpg

    Dining Room ceiling, 20 St. James's Square, London

  • RobertJamesAdamengravedTMorrisMusicRoomCeilingWatkinWilliamsWynnStJames1775.jpg

    Music Room ceiling, 20 St. James's Square, London

  • 20 St James's Square 2nd drawing room edited.jpg

    Drawing Room ceiling, 20 St. James's Square, London

  • Robert Adam fireplace, Round room, Strawberry Hill.jpg

    Fireplace, Round room, Strawberry Hill House, Middlesex

  • Robert Adam 20130414 154.jpg

    1-3 Robert Street

  • Lansdowne House Philadelphia 01.JPG

    Lansdowne House Drawing Room, now in Philadelphia Art Museum

  • Dining room from Lansdowne House MET DT211259.jpg

    Lansdown House dining room, now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Country houses with major workEdit

  • Paxton House.jpg

    Paxton House, Berwickshire

  • Kedleston Hall 04.jpg

    South front, Kedleston Hall

  • Kedleston cross section.jpg

    Cross section, Kedleston Hall

  • Inside Kedleston.jpg

    Kedleston Hall, Marble Hall

  • Stowe House 04.jpg

    South front, Stowe House, slightly modified in execution

  • AdamBrothersHallatSyon1778.jpg

    Cross section of Hall, Syon House, London

  • Syon Plan.jpg

    Plan, Syon House, London

  • Syon House, Great Hall.jpg

    Apse, Entrance Hall, Syon House

  • Syon House 2.jpg

    The Dining Room, Syon House

  • Syon House 1.jpg

    The Ante-Room, Syon House

  • Syon House, Ante room, Gilded panels (2).jpg

    The ceiling, Ante-Room, Syon House

  • Syon House, Long Gallery.jpg

    Long Gallery, Syon House

  • Syon House, Long Gallery, Circular Closet.jpg

    Closet off Long Gallery, Syon House

  • Kenwood House.jpg

    Kenwood House, London

  • Kenwood House 088.jpg

    Entrance portico, Kenwood House, London

  • Kenwood-House-JBU 04.jpg

    Kenwood House, Library

  • RobertAdamLibraryKenwood1774 edited.jpg

    Cross section of the library, Kenwood House, London

  • Kenwood Library ceiling edited.jpg

    The library ceiling, Kenwood House, London

  • Nostell Priory 1.jpg

    Nostell Priory, Yorkshire, Adam wing on right

  • Culzean Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1437106.jpg

    Culzean Castle, Ayrshire

  • Culzean Castle - the seaward side - geograph.org.uk - 976649.jpg

    Culzean Castle, Ayrshire

  • Pitfour Castle.jpg

    Pitfour Castle, Tayside

  • The Saloon (7279934644).jpg

    The Saloon, Saltram House

  • Bowood House 3.jpg

    Bowood House, Adam's Diocletian wing on left, the main block demolished in 1950s

  • Orangery, Bowood House - geograph.org.uk - 1572435.jpg

    Bowood House, Diocletian wing

  • Wedderburn Castle.jpg

    Wedderburn Castle, Berwickshire

  • Entrance Hall ceiling - Harewood House - West Yorkshire, England - DSC01582.jpg

    The Entrance Hall Ceiling, Harewood House

  • Harewood Castle 01.jpg

    Harewood House, Yorkshire, altered by Sir Charles Barry

  • Harewood House The State Bedroom.jpg

    Harewood House, State Bedroom

  • State Bedroom ceiling - Harewood House - West Yorkshire, England - DSC01810.jpg

    The Ceiling, State Bedroom, Harewood House

  • Harewood House The Old Library.jpg

    Harewood House, Old Library

  • Music Room ceiling, with paintings by Angelica Kaufman - Harewood House - West Yorkshire, England - DSC02050.jpg

    Harewood House, Music Room Ceiling

  • Harewood House The Music Room.jpg

    The Music Room, Harewood House

  • Gallery ceiling by Robert Adam - Harewood House - West Yorkshire, England - DSC01960.jpg

    Gallery ceiling, Harewood House

  • Gallery - Harewood House - West Yorkshire, England - DSC01996.jpg

    The Gallery, Harewood House

  • Gallery fireplace, design by Robert Adam - Harewood House - West Yorkshire, England - DSC01966.jpg

    Gallery fireplace, Harewood House

  • Newliston House - geograph.org.uk - 1306052.jpg

    Newliston House

  • Dalquarran Castle - geograph.org.uk - 790426.jpg

    Dalquarran Castle, Ayrshire

  • Luton Hoo.jpg

    Luton Hoo House, Bedfordshire, altered by Sir Robert Smirke and again in the late 19th century

  • Mellerstain House - geograph.org.uk - 52335.jpg

    Mellerstain House, Berwickshire

  • Osterley Park 800.jpg

    Osterley Park, London

  • Osterley Park Interior.jpg

    Main Staircase, Osterley Park, London

  • Osterley Park House-11891497834.jpg

    Entrance Hall, Osterley Park, London

  • Drawing Room Ceiling, Osterley House.jpg

    Osterley Park, Drawing Room Ceiling

  • WP 004275.jpg

    Portico Ceiling, Osterley Park

Garden buildings and folliesEdit

  • Stables, Inveraray Castle, joint work with his brother John (1758–1760)
  • North Lodge, Kedleston Hall (1759)
  • Circular and Octagon pavilion, La Trappe, Hammersmith (1760) for George Bubb Dodington (demolished)
  • Conservatory Croome Park (1760)
  • Rotunda Croome Park, attributed (1760)
  • Old Rectory, Kedleston Hall (Template:Circa)
  • Entrance screen, Moor Park, Hertfordshire (1763)
  • The Conservatory, Osterley Park (1763)
  • Bridge, Audley End House, Essex (Template:Circa)
  • Tea Pavilion, Moor Park, Hertfordshire (Template:Circa)
  • Gatehouse Kimbolton Castle (Template:Circa)
  • Bridge, Kedleston Hall (1764)
  • Estate Village Lowther, Cumbria (1766)
  • Dunstall 'Castle' and Garden Alcove, Croome Park (1766)
  • Entrance arch, Croome Court (1767)
  • Entrance Screen, Cullen House, Cullen, Moray (1767)
  • Bridge, Osterley Park (Template:Circa)
  • Entrance screen, Syon House (1769)
  • Fishing, Boat & Bath House, Kedleston Hall (1770–71)
  • Circular Temple, Audley End House, Essex (1771)
  • Lion Bridge, Alnwick (1773)
  • Stag Lodge, Saltram House, Devon (Template:Circa)
  • The Stables, Featherstone entrance & Huntwick arch Nostell Priory (1776)
  • Wyke Green Lodges, Osterley, Middlesex (1777); remodelled
  • The Home Farm, Culzean Castle, Ayrshire (1777–1779)
  • Brizlee Tower, Alnwick, Gothic tower (1777–1781)
  • Oswald's Temple, Auchincruive, Ayrshire (1778)
  • 'Ruined' arch and viaduct, Culzean Castle (1780)
  • The semi-circular conservatory, Osterley Park (1780)
  • Tea House Bridge, Audley End House, Essex (1782)
  • The Stables, Culzean Castle (Template:Circa)
  • Stables, Castle Upton, Templepatrick, County Antrim, Ireland. (1788–1789). Important range of office buildings in castle style
  • Montagu Bridge, Dalkeith Palace, Lothian (1792)
  • Loftus Hall, Fethard-on-sea, County Wexford, Ireland. Date unknown. Proposed gates
  • Lion Gate and Lodge, Syon Park, London. Date unknown
  • Syon Gateway and porters' lodges 1769 edited.jpg

    Screen, Syon House, London

  • No-longer used entrance to Syon Park, Brentford - geograph.org.uk - 1123299.jpg

    The Lion Gate, Syon Park, London

  • Kimbolton Castle 03.jpg

    Gatehouse, Kimbolton Castle

  • Entrance gates Croome Court.jpg

    Entrance Arch, Croome Park, Worcestershire

  • Croome Landscape Park - geograph.org.uk - 42459.jpg

    Garden Alcove, Croome Court, Worcestershire

  • Rotunda Croome Park.jpg

    Rotunda, Croome Park, Worcestershire

  • Dunstall "Castle" - geograph.org.uk - 15460.jpg

    Dunstall "Castle", Croome Court, Worcestershire

  • Brizlee Tower - Alnwick - Northumberland - UK - 2006-03-04.jpg

    Brizlee Tower, Alnwick

  • 2008-09-14 Osterley GardenHouse.jpg

    The semi-circular conservatory, Osterley Park

  • Nostell Priory Park2.jpg

    Featherstone entrance, Nostell Priory, Yorkshire

  • Oswald's Temple, Auchincruive - geograph.org.uk - 1149431.jpg

    Oswald's Temple, Auchincruive, Ayrshire

  • Robert AdamFishing Room and Boat House at Kedleston Circa 1769.JPG

    Kedleston Fishing, Bathing & Boat House

  • Boathouse Bridge - geograph.org.uk - 1472741.jpg

    Kedleston Bridge

  • Entering The Culzean Visitor Centre - geograph.org.uk - 1229843.jpg

    Former Home Farm, Culzean Castle

  • Model Village, Lowther - geograph.org.uk - 59691.jpg

    Lowther Castle Model Village

  • Montagu Bridge, Dalkeith Country Park - geograph.org.uk - 1589872.jpg

    Montagu Bridge, Dalkeith Palace

  • The Lion Bridge - geograph.org.uk - 919287.jpg

    The Lion Bridge, Alnwick

  • Tea House Bridge - geograph.org.uk - 1442099.jpg

    Tea House Bridge, Audley End

  • Clock Tower, Upton Castle, Templepatrick - geograph.org.uk - 33750.jpg

    Clock Tower, Stables, Castle Upton, County Meath

  • Culzean Castle - clock tower courtyard - geograph.org.uk - 1560844.jpg

    Stables, Culzean Castle, Ayrshire

Country houses with minor workEdit

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  • Summerhill House, Main front.jpg

    Summerhill House, Main Front.

  • Comptonverney.jpg

    Compton Verney House, wings by Adam

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

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SourcesEdit

Further readingEdit

External linksEdit

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