Salzach

The Salzach (Austrian: [ˈsaltsax]; {{#invoke:IPA|main}}) is a river in Austria and Germany. It is Template:Convert in length and is a right tributary of the Inn, which eventually joins the Danube. Its drainage basin of Template:Convert comprises large parts of the Northern Limestone and Central Eastern Alps. 83% of its drainage basin (Template:Convert) lies in Austria, the remainder in Germany (Bavaria).<ref name="DE-BY_GV" /> Its largest tributaries are Lammer, Berchtesgadener Ache, Saalach, Sur and Götzinger Achen.

Etymology

File:Kitzbüheler Alpen 17310050.jpg

Salzach sources between Mt. Salzachgeier and Schwebenkopf

The river's name is derived from the German word Salz "salt" and Aach. Until the 19th century, shipping of salt down the Salzach was an important part of the local economy. The shipping ended when the parallel Salzburg-Tyrol Railway line replaced the old transport system.

Course

The Salzach is the main river in the Austrian state of Salzburg. The source is located on the edge of the Kitzbühel Alps near Krimml in the western Pinzgau region. Its headstreams drain several alpine pastures at around Template:Convert (metres above the Adriatic), between Krimml and the Tyrolean state border, Template:Convert north of the Gerlos Pass on the slopes of the Salzachgeier (Template:Cvt) and the nearby Schwebenkopf peak Template:Cvt).

From here, it runs eastwards through a large valley via Bruck south of Lake Zell to Schwarzach im Pongau. It then turns northwards and passes Sankt Johann im Pongau. North of here, the Salzach forms the narrow Salzachöfen Gorge between the Berchtesgaden Alps and the Tennen Mountains and before flowing to Hallein and the city of Salzburg.

File:Laufen oberndorf.jpg

Lower Salzach between Laufen and Oberndorf

From the junction with its Saalach tributary in the northern Salzburg basin, the Salzach forms the border between Bavaria, Germany and the Austrian states of Salzburg and Upper Austria for almost Template:Convert. Cities on the banks in this lower section include Laufen and its sister town Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Tittmoning, and Burghausen. All these towns have border crossings.

File:Aerial image of the confluence of the Inn and Salzach (view from the west).jpg

Confluence of the Salzach (right) and the Inn (left)

The river finally empties into the Inn in Haiming between Burghausen and Braunau.

Tributaries

Upper and lower reaches: Template:Ill, Template:Ill and Template:Ill from the Kitzbühel Alps, Krimmler Ache, Template:Ill, Template:Ill, Template:Ill, Template:Ill, Template:Ill, Template:Ill, Template:Ill from the High Tauern, Pinzga from Lake Zell, Fuscher Ache, Template:Ill from the High Tauern, Template:Ill from the Salzburg Slate Alps, Template:Ill, Template:Ill, Template:Ill from the High Tauern, Template:Ill from the Template:Ill, Template:Ill and Template:Ill from the Hochkönig.

Lower reaches: Lammer from the east, Template:Ill (in the Template:Ill) from the Berchtesgaden Alps, Template:Ill and Almbach from the Template:Ill, both from the Osterhorn Group, Königsseer Ache from the Königssee, Template:Ill, Fischach from the lake Wallersee, Klausbach, Saalach the largest tributaries, Sur and Götzinger Achen on the Bavarian side, Oichten near Oberndorf and Moosach in the Salzburg-Upper Austrian border region.

Hydroelectric power plants

Currently, there are 12 hydroelectric power plants on the Salzach. The power plants are listed beginning at the headwaters:

Dam	Nameplate capacity (MW)	Annual generation (Mio. kwh)
Schwarzach<ref name="ve"/>	120	482
Wallnerau<ref name="ve"/>	13	38
St. Veit<ref name="ve"/>	16	67
St. Johann<ref name="ve"/>	16	71
Urreiting<ref name="ve"/>	16	76
Bischofshofen<ref name="ve"/>	16	70
Kreuzbergmaut	18	80
Werfen-Pfarrwerfen<ref name="ve"/>	16	81
Gamp<ref name="sa1"/>	8	53
Sohlstufe Hallein<ref name="sa2"/>	16	81
Urstein<ref name="sa3"/>	22	120
Sohlstufe Lehen<ref name="sa4"/>	13	81

Photos

• To WIKI panorama Salzburg Salzach river Oct2005.jpg

  Salzach in Salzburg

• Salzburg 15.jpg

  Salzach in Salzburg

• Tussen Hallein en Salzburg, berglandschap langs de Salzach foto1 2011-0717 11.35.JPG

  Salzach between Hallein and Salzburg

• Tussen Tenneck en Pass Lueg, panorama mer de Salzach foto2 2011-07-17 14.29.JPG

  Salzach between Tenneck and Pass Lueg

• Pfarrwerfen, dorpszicht positie3 foto3 2011-07-17 15.52.JPG

  Salzach near Pfarrwerfen

• Most Staatsbrücke, Salzburg - jugozapad.jpg

  "Staatsbrücke" bridge over Salzach in Salzburg

See also

• Salza (Austria)

Sources

• Österreichisches Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft: Die Salzach - ein Fluss bewegt! (PDF, 7,94 MB)
• Norbert Winding und Dieter Vogel (Hrsg.): Die Salzach. Wildfluss in der Kulturlandschaft. Verlag Kiebitz Buch, Vilsbiburg 2003, Template:ISBN