Tube-dwelling spider
Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Automatic taxobox
Tube-dwelling spiders (Segestriidae) are a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1893.<ref name=Simo1893>Template:Cite book</ref> It consists of five genera, two large and widespread, Segestria and Ariadna, and three smaller genera, Citharoceps, Gippsicola and Indoseges.<ref name="NMBE" /> They are haplogyne spiders, related to the Dysderidae and placed in clade or superfamily Dysderoidea.
Members of this family are easily recognized because their first three pairs of legs are arranged forward instead of two and they have six eyes instead of eight, arranged in a semicircle.<ref name=Simo1893 /> The leg structure appears to be an adaptation for living in silken tubes. Unlike those of the atypical tarantulas, these tubes may branch and are often built in tree bark fissures, as well as under stones.
Both Segestria and Ariadna live in North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa and New Zealand, though Ariadna also lives in Australia.<ref name=NMBE />
GeneraEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
Template:As of, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:<ref name=NMBE>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Ariadna Audouin, 1826—South America, Europe, North America, Oceania, Africa, Asia, Central America, Dominican Republic
- Citharoceps Chamberlin, 1924—United States, Mexico
- Gippsicola Hogg, 1900—Australia
- Indoseges Siliwal, Das, Choudhury & Giroti, 2021—India
- Segestria Latreille, 1804—Asia, North America, Europe, South America, Africa, New Zealand
The oldest unambiguous members of the family are known from the Eocene Baltic amber.<ref name=Magalhaesetal2020>Template:Cite journal</ref> Cretaceous taxa Denticulsegestria, Jordansegestria, Jordariadna, Lebansegestria, Microsegestria, Myansegestria, Palaeosegestria and Parvosegestria, originally described as tube-dwelling spiders, might be members of the stem group of Segestriidae or stem dysderoids instead.<ref name=Magalhaesetal2020 />