Valiant-class submarine

Template:Infobox ship imageTemplate:Infobox ship class overviewTemplate:Infobox ship characteristics

The Valiant class were a class of nuclear-powered fleet submarines in service with the Royal Navy from the mid-1960s until 1994. They were the first fully British nuclear fleet submarine; the earlier Template:HMS used an American nuclear reactor. There were only two boats in the class, the first, Valiant (the nameship) commissioned in 1966 three years after Dreadnought, and Warspite the following year. Both were built by Vickers at Barrow-in-Furness.

Design

The class were based on Dreadnought, but were enlarged by 20 feet (6 m) and had a dived displacement of 4,900 tons compared to 4,000 tons. Improvements made since the original Dreadnought meant that they ran significantly quieter under main power, and also had a Paxman diesel-electric generator that could be used for silent running. In most other respects (outside the power plant), the Valiants were identical to Dreadnought.

According to former head of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors R.J. Daniel, when US Admiral Hyman G. Rickover, widely regarded as the father of the nuclear submarine, initially learned of the proposed rafting system for the Valiant class, (in which ship's machinery is acoustically isolated from the hull by padding known as "rafts"), he was dismissive of the concept, with the result that the Royal Navy gained an advantage in submarine silencing that the United States Navy did not introduce until considerably later.<ref name=daniels-2004>Template:Cite book</ref>

Service

The Valiants were primarily used in the anti-submarine role, important during the Cold War. In 1967 Valiant set a Royal Navy (RN) record of sailing 12,000 miles (19,312 km) submerged in twenty-eight days, from Singapore to the UK. Both boats received a number of refits, including the capability to use the Harpoon missile. Valiant and other nuclear fleet submarines served in the Falklands War in 1982.

The Valiants had long careers: Warspite was decommissioned in 1991, and Valiant in 1994, due to cracks being discovered in her primary to secondary cooling system. They were very successful and served as the template for the Template:Sclass ballistic missile submarine and subsequent Template:Sclass fleet submarines.

Construction Programme

Pennant	Name	(a) Hull builder (b) Main machinery manufacturers	Ordered	Laid down	Launched	Accepted into service	Commissioned	Decommissioned	Estimated building cost<ref>"Unit cost, i.e. excluding cost of certain items (e.g. aircraft, First Outfits)." Text from Defences Estimates</ref>
S102	Valiant	(a) Vickers Ltd, Shipbuilding Group, Barrow-in-Furness (b) Vickers Ltd, Engineering Group, Barrow-in-Furness (b) Rolls-Royce and Associates Ltd.<ref name=DE1967>Defence Estimates, 1967-68, page 75, List and particulars of new ships which have been accepted or are expected to be accepted into HM service during the Financial Year ended 31st March 1967</ref>	31 August 1960 <ref name=Janes1982p547>Moore, John, Janes Fighting Ships 1982-83, pub Jane's Publishing, 1982, Template:ISBN page 547.</ref>	21 January 1962 <ref name=Conwaysp530>Gardiner, Robert Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995, pub Conway Maritime Press, 1995, Template:ISBN page 530.</ref>	3 December 1963 <ref name=Conwaysp530/>	July 1966 <ref name=DE1967/>	18 July 1966 <ref name=Conwaysp530/>	12 August 1994	£25,300,000 <ref name=DE1967/>
S103	Warspite	(a) Vickers Ltd, Shipbuilding Group, Barrow-in-Furness (b) Vickers Ltd, Engineering Group, Barrow-in-Furness (b) Rolls-Royce and Associates Ltd.<ref name=DE1968>Defence Estimates, 1968-69, page 75, List and particulars of new ships which have been accepted or are expected to be accepted into HM service during the Financial Year ended 31st March 1968</ref>	12 December 1962 <ref name=Janes1982p547/>	10 December 1963 <ref name=Conwaysp530/>	25 September 1965 <ref name=Conwaysp530/>	April 1967 <ref name=DE1968/>	18 April 1967 <ref name=Conwaysp530/>	1991	£21,455,000 <ref name=DE1968/>

See also

List of submarines of the Royal Navy

References

Cited texts

• The Encyclopedia of Warships, From World War Two to the Present Day, General Editor Robert Jackson