WMYA-TV

WMYA-TV (channel 40) is a television station licensed to Anderson, South Carolina, United States, broadcasting the digital multicast network Dabl to Upstate South Carolina and Western North Carolina. It is owned by Cunningham Broadcasting and operated under a local marketing agreement (LMA) by Sinclair Broadcast Group, owner of Asheville, North Carolina–based ABC/MyNetworkTV affiliate WLOS (channel 13). However, Sinclair effectively owns WMYA-TV, as the majority of Cunningham's stock is owned by the family of deceased group founder Julian Smith. The nominal main studio for WMYA-TV is the WLOS news bureau on Villa Road in Greenville, South Carolina; WMYA-TV's transmitter is located in Fountain Inn, South Carolina.

Founded as WAIM-TV in 1953, the station primarily broadcast local network programming to the Anderson area, serving as an affiliate of ABC and CBS after 1956. However, it lost ABC affiliation at the start of 1979 and failed as an independent station after six months, leading to more than five years of silence. It reemerged as WAXA and had more success serving the market, including two years as the region's first Fox affiliate. However, after the death of its owner in 1987 and more than a year off the air, the station was sold to WLOS for use as a rebroadcaster to reach areas of the Upstate that its Asheville-centric signal could not. In 1995, WLOS converted WAXA to separate programming as independent WFBC-TV. It then became an affiliate of The WB and later MyNetworkTV. Its programming was moved to a subchannel of WLOS in 2021, leaving WMYA to rebroadcast national digital subchannels. In 2022, the station became the ATSC 3.0 (NextGen TV) transmitter for upstate South Carolina; its subchannels are now transmitted by other local stations on its behalf.

History

WAIM-TV

On February 29, 1952, Wilton E. Hall, publisher of the Anderson Independent and Daily Mail (since merged as the Anderson Independent-Mail) and owner of radio stations WAIM (1230 AM) and WCAC-FM (101.1 FM, now WROQ), applied to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for approval to build a new television station in Anderson on channel 58.<ref name="hc">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Another application was filed for channel 58 by the Anderson Television Company, and in August 1953, at Hall's request, the FCC added channel 40 to Anderson.<ref name="Time530826">Template:Cite news</ref> The FCC then granted the construction permit for WAIM-TV on September 30, 1953.Template:R The station was quickly built and began broadcasting on December 11, 1953.Template:R

Originally an affiliate of CBS, the station's financial viability was nearly immediately jeopardized. Spartanburg radio station WORD held a construction permit for very high frequency (VHF) channel 7 and sought to use it on an interim basis from Paris Mountain, Template:Convert west of Spartanburg and closer to Anderson than the originally proposed site of Hogback Mountain. The threat of a new VHF station which, unlike the UHF station Hall operated, could reach all homes without sets having to be converted immediately dimmed WAIM-TV's prospects. In February 1954, Hall petitioned the FCC to set aside its earlier grant of temporary authority for WORD-TV, later changed to WSPA-TV, to broadcast from Paris Mountain, having already lost nearly $60,000 in canceled advertising contracts and lost CBS revenue; he feared losing his CBS affiliation altogether.<ref name="Stat540209">Template:Cite news</ref> WAIM-TV was one of three stations protesting this relocation of channel 7, along with WGVL (channel 23) in Greenville and the never-built WSCV (channel 17) in Spartanburg; all three protests were denied.<ref name="protests">Template:Cite news</ref>

WGVL and WAIM-TV took the case to the United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, seeking injunctive relief from the FCC ruling, in the summer of 1954.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On January 31, 1955, the appeals court heard arguments by WGVL and WAIM against the WSPA-TV authorization on Paris Mountain, having obtained six months prior a restraining order preventing Spartan from building its transmitter facility until the case was heard (though the studios were near completion and initial preparations had been made on Paris Mountain).<ref name="set">Template:Cite news</ref> While WGVL and WAIM-TV claimed that the FCC should not have granted the application without giving them a hearing, the commission argued that they did not have standing to show injury that would be caused by WSPA-TV going on air and that the procedure the stations sought to use was the improper forum to delay such a grant.Template:R Even though the two UHF stations won a hearing at the FCC, the hearing examiner's recommendation would not be favorable to them. Examiner James D. Cunningham recommended the FCC approve the WSPA-TV move to Paris Mountain, saying that the UHF stations "failed to make a satisfactory showing" as to the economic damages they would incur and that, because UHF converters were widely distributed in their broadcast areas, they would not be at a disadvantage.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> WGVL and WAIM-TV counsel asked for oral argument on the decision, warning that it would be "aggravating the forces now making for unequal competition in the television field and hastening the trend towards complete obliteration of UHF".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The FCC made a final decision in favor of Spartan on March 9, 1956, reaffirming many of the arguments made by the hearing examiner.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> When the appeals court gave its approval for WSPA-TV, WGVL and WAIM-TV announced their intentions to leave the air.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On Sunday, April 29, 1956, WSPA-TV signed on;<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> channel 23 left the air that day,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Concurrently, the station also unsuccessfully sought relief in the form of moving channel 7 out of the Upstate and to Knoxville, Tennessee,<ref name="Gree560306">Template:Cite news</ref> while Hall engaged with equipment manufacturer Federal Telecommunications Laboratories in a legal dispute; he stopped paying what he owed on a transmitter he claimed was defective, "worthless and useless"<ref name="Gree560405">Template:Cite news</ref> because it could not broadcast network color programming in color.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

WAIM-TV temporarily suspended operation on May 27,<ref name="Gree560529">Template:Cite news</ref> only to return two days later after securing additional programming.<ref name="Gree560531">Template:Cite news</ref> In July, it became an affiliate of ABC.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In addition to a secondary affiliation with CBS, the station also broadcast South Carolina Educational Television daytime programs for schools for a time in the 1960s.<ref name="Colu620719">Template:Cite news</ref> While WAIM-TV's ABC affiliation agreement allowed it to carry any network program not aired by WLOS in Asheville, which was not receivable in the Anderson area, WLOS permitted the station to rebroadcast all ABC programs it aired.Template:R The station aired a limited schedule and sold very little local advertising.Template:R

In 1977, Hall announced the sale of his broadcasting properties to Frank L. Outlaw II of Greenville;<ref name="Ande770906">Template:Cite news</ref> the $850,000 transaction marked his retirement.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Outlaw promised to begin live TV broadcasts from the Anderson studio.<ref name="Ande780112">Template:Cite news</ref> The sale was approved by the FCC the next yearTemplate:R—with Outlaw selling a half-stake to Bob Nations and doing business under the name "The ONE Corporation" (Outlaw-Nations Entertainment)<ref name="Gree780709">Template:Cite news</ref>—but it also started the clock ticking on the need to reinvent channel 40. The owners had feared that they could have had to shutter the station on July 1, but ABC gave the station an extra six months to continue broadcasting its programming through the end of 1978.<ref name="Ande780701">Template:Cite news</ref> In the last two months of the year, the station began to transition its schedule to that of an independent. During this time, it began broadcasting in color.<ref name="Gree781029">Template:Cite news</ref> On January 1, 1979, WAIM-TV became a full-time independent station.<ref name="Gree790204">Template:Cite news</ref>

Rather quickly, Nations and Outlaw found that Anderson merchants were not ready to do much television advertising. The station needed to get on cable across the Upstate to be viable as an independent. While some systems added WAIM-TV, cable penetration was too low in those days to meaningfully increase the station's potential audience. The station had begun airing 18 hours per day after becoming an independent but was forced to cut back to eight hours per day later in January. Nations and Outlaw initially planned to return the dropped programming to the schedule once advertising picked up,Template:R but by April, Nations and Outlaw put the station back on the market.<ref name="Ande790424">Template:Cite news</ref> In mid-May 1979, the transmitter broke down, plunging channel 40 into a silence that would last five years.<ref name="Ande790530">Template:Cite news</ref>

Nations and Outlaw sold a minority stake in the station to Ivey Communications of Orlando, Florida. Plans were formulated to return the station to service by the summer of 1980 with an upgraded physical plant.<ref name="Ande791219">Template:Cite news</ref> By December 1980, mid-1981 was cited as a date for the station's return.<ref name="Ande801217">Template:Cite news</ref>

WAXA

New South Television sold WAIM-TV in 1983 to Mark III Broadcasting of South Carolina, a subsidiary of Atlanta-based Agronomics, Inc.<ref name="Ande830701">Template:Cite news</ref> Agronomics changed the call letters to WAXA, obtained approval for a new tower site for the station, and broke ground in November 1983 on studios on the U.S. 29 bypass.<ref name="Ande831122">Template:Cite news</ref> Mark III built a Template:Convert tower in the Fork Shoals section of Fountain Inn, over Template:Convert taller than WAIM-TV's old tower near Anderson College. It featured a transmitter capable of 2.5 million watts of power, enough to cover the entire Upstate, though not Asheville; WAXA applied for a translator on channel 46 to cover that area.<ref name="Ande840725">Template:Cite news</ref>

After five and a half years, channel 40 returned to South Carolina screens on October 1, 1984, with a lineup mostly consisting of movies and syndicated reruns.<ref name="Ande840930">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Ande841009">Template:Cite news</ref> Several local programs were added, including three music video shows<ref name="Ande850127">Template:Cite news</ref> and public affairs program Straight Talk.<ref name="Ande860309">Template:Cite news</ref> Stereo sound broadcasting began in March, making WAXA the first station in South Carolina to provide it.<ref name="Ande850320">Template:Cite news</ref>

WAXA was the area's first Fox affiliate when the network started on October 9, 1986; it also debuted on Asheville cable the next month, a major development for a station that had long struggled to reach viewers in western North Carolina.<ref name="Ande861012">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Ande861009">Template:Cite news</ref>

However, momentum was halted by the death of Agronomics owner Anthony Kupris in October 1987; his widow Mary was largely an absentee owner who at one point told The Greenville News, "I'm not a broadcaster".Template:R In May 1988, Mary reached a deal to sell WAXA to Jones Commercial, Inc., of Chicago.<ref name="Ande880518">Template:Cite news</ref> Another major setback occurred while the deal was pending when Pappas Telecasting Companies, owner of competing independent WHNS (channel 21), secured a group affiliation deal with Fox. WAXA was one of several Fox affiliates who were displeased with the poor performance of Fox's Saturday night lineup; this was one factor in channel 40 severing ties with Fox.<ref name="Gree880730">Template:Cite news</ref> No contract was ever finalized with Jones, and while WAXA claimed that getting out of its Fox affiliation was reducing programming costs, it did lay off some staff in late 1988 for what it termed "budgetary reasons".<ref name="Ande881207">Template:Cite news</ref>

Simulcast of WLOS

In March 1989, it was reported that AnchorMedia, the owner of WLOS, was interested in acquiring WAXA.<ref name="Gree890310">Template:Cite news</ref> The next month, a sale contract was announced, as were plans for AnchorMedia to run the station as a satellite of WLOS for the benefit of viewers who received a marginal signal from that station.<ref name="Ande890420">Template:Cite news</ref>

The AnchorMedia deal required FCC approval, which was its own wrinkle because it would have created overlap with WLOS. At the time, one company could not own two television stations in the same media market. Awaiting this approval, and with many program contracts expiring, WAXA went off the air on September 1, 1989.<ref name="Ande890823">Template:Cite news</ref> Six months later, the FCC ruled; it found that the purchase of WAXA was not in the public interest and denied the transaction.<ref name="Ande900414">Template:Cite news</ref> However, the two parties continued to negotiate a simulcast agreement by which the station would not be sold outright but still simulcast WLOS.<ref name="Gree901205">Template:Cite news</ref>

In January 1991, WAXA returned to the air as a near-total simulcast of WLOS. AnchorMedia and Mary Kupris appealed the FCC's denial of the outright sale of the station and won a victory at the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, which ordered the FCC to reconsider its denial; one concurring statement by Laurence Silberman noted that the court even considered ordering the transfer granted and expressed the opinion that "there is no alternative use for the frequency".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> That August, a public affairs program for the Anderson area, Viewpoint 40, was introduced as an opt-out for WAXA viewers only.<ref name="Ande910809">Template:Cite news</ref> In 1992, WLOS reached a deal with the Independent-Mail to share news material and announced it would start producing a South Carolina newscast at 6 p.m. for air on channel 40.<ref name="Ande920910">Template:Cite news</ref>

WB and MyNetworkTV affiliation

AnchorMedia, under the name Continental Broadcasting, sold its three television stations to River City Broadcasting of St. Louis in 1994.<ref name="Rock940513">Template:Cite news</ref> River City embarked on a strategy to operate channel 40 with separate programming from WLOS. On September 2, 1995, the station became independent station WFBC-TV (call letters previously used by WYFF from 1953 to 1983), using a mix of newly acquired programs and shows to which WLOS already held the rights.<ref name="Gree950903">Template:Cite news</ref>

River City sold its assets to Sinclair Broadcast Group in 1996.<ref name="Gree960412">Template:Cite news</ref> Because River City had split WFBC-TV from WLOS, Sinclair itself could not purchase both stations. The license for WFBC-TV was assigned to Glencairn, Ltd., a new group headed by former Sinclair executive Edwin Edwards. The family of Sinclair Broadcast Group founder Julian Sinclair Smith owned 97 percent of Glencairn's stock, effectively making WLOS and WFBC-TV a duopoly in violation of FCC rules. Sinclair further circumvented the rules by having WLOS take over WFBC-TV's operations as the senior partner in a local marketing agreement.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Pulitzer Broadcasting, owner of WYFF, petitioned against the River City sale of WFBC-TV to Glencairn, contending that the combination of the Glencairn sale and LMA with WLOS would give Sinclair an "unfair competitive wedge" in the market.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Rainbow/PUSH, headed by Jesse Jackson, filed challenges against Glencairn's planned merger with Sinclair in 1998, citing concerns over a single company holding two broadcast licenses in one market and arguing that Glencairn—headed by former Sinclair executive Edwin Edwards, a Black man—passed itself off as a minority-owned company.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The FCC levied a $40,000 fine against Sinclair in 2001 for illegally controlling Glencairn; it also prevented Sinclair from buying WBSC-TV outright because it would have left the Greenville/Spartanburg/Asheville market with only seven unique TV station owners in the market as a result. FCC rules of the time required a market to have at least eight unique owners once a duopoly is formed.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Glencairn subsequently changed its name to Cunningham Broadcasting Corporation, but its stock is still almost entirely owned by the Smith family, and the companies continued to be closely related.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

As part of a 1997 affiliation agreement between Sinclair and The WB,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> WFBC-TV became a WB affiliate on September 6, 1999, and changed its call letters to WBSC-TV to reflect its programming and location in South Carolina.<ref name="Ande990928">Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2006, when The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, Sinclair first elected to affiliate with MyNetworkTV, a new network started by Fox Television Stations, over The CW. On March 2, ten days after the network's existence was announced on February 22,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Sinclair affiliated 17 stations it owned or managed, including WBSC-TV, with the network.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The call letters were changed to WMYA-TV in recognition of the new network affiliation.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Local programming also continued to air. In 2008, the station began airing a fall package of local high school football games—North Carolina games on Thursdays and South Carolina games on Fridays—which by 2015 drew viewership comparable to or greater than MyNetworkTV programming.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On September 20, 2021, "My 40" and the MyNetworkTV programming moved exclusively to the 13.2 subchannel of WLOS.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> This left the WMYA-TV multiplex airing four diginets, with the main subchannel airing Dabl, in time for ATSC 3.0 conversion in 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Technical information

Subchannels

The station's ATSC 1.0 channels are carried on the multiplexed signals of other television stations in the market:

citation

CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Channel	Res.	Aspect	Short name	Programming	ATSC 1.0 host
40.1	480i	16:9	Dabl	Dabl	WYFF
40.2			TBD	Roar	WSPA-TV
40.3			Comet	Comet	WYFF
40.4			Charge!	Charge!	WHNS

Analog-to-digital conversion

WMYA discontinued regular programming on its analog signal, over UHF channel 40, on February 17, 2009, one day after the original date for full-power television stations in the United States to transition from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate (which Congress had moved the previous week to June 12). The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 14, using virtual channel 40.<ref name="Gree090216">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Analog to Digital">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The analog signal remained on for a time after as part of the SAFER Act to provide transition information.<ref name="FCC Nightlight">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

ATSC 3.0 lighthouse

Subchannels of WMYA-TV (ATSC 3.0)

Channel	Res.	Aspect	Short name	Programming
4.1	1080i	16:9	WYFF	NBC (WYFF) File:Action lock 2 - orange.svg
7.1			WSPA	CBS (WSPA-TV)
13.1	720p		WLOS	ABC (WLOS)
21.1			WHNS	Fox (WHNS)
40.1			WMYA	Dabl

On June 2, 2022, WMYA-TV was converted to ATSC 3.0 (NextGen TV), with simulcasts from WYFF, WSPA-TV, WLOS and WHNS.<ref name=nexstar>Template:Cite press release</ref>