Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope
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The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) is an aperture synthesis interferometer built on the site of the former World War II Nazi detention and transit camp Westerbork, north of the village of Westerbork, Midden-Drenthe, in the northeastern Netherlands.
OverviewEdit
The WSRT comprises fourteen Template:Convert radio telescopes deployed in a linear array arranged on a Template:Convert East-West line, of which 10 are in a fixed equidistant position, 2 are nearby on a Template:Convert rail track, and 2 are located Template:Convert eastwards on another Template:Convert rail track. It has a similar arrangement to other radio telescopes such as the One-Mile Telescope, Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Ryle Telescope. Its Equatorial mount is what sets it apart from most other radio telescopes, most of which have an Altazimuth mount. This makes it specifically useful for specific types of science, like polarized emission research as the detectors maintain a constant orientation on the sky during an observation. Ten of the telescopes are on fixed mountings while the remaining two dishes are movable along two rail tracks. The telescope was completed in 1970 and underwent a major upgrade between 1995Template:Snd2000.<ref name="WRST_History">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The telescopes in the array can operate at several frequencies between Template:Frequency and Template:Frequency with an instantaneous bandwidth of Template:Frequency and 8092Template:Hyphenline spectral resolution.<ref name="WRST_Guide">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The WSRT is often combined with other telescopes around the world to perform very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations, being part of the European VLBI Network.<ref>Introduction to the EVN Template:Webarchive, European VLBI Network.</ref> The telescope is operated by ASTRON, the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy.
WSRT performed a major upgrade in 2013 as part of the APERTIF (APERture Tile In Focus) project, where the current detectors were replaced with focal-plane arrays.<ref>What is Apertif? Template:Webarchive, ASTRON.</ref> The Telescope was out of operation for the upgrade from 2015 to 2019, which allows a 25x larger field of view. The upgraded telescope is used for large scale surveys of the northern sky, bringing back focus on the Hydrogen line for which it was originally designed, but also large pulsar searches and other science.<ref>[https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.14234 Apertif, Phased Array Feeds for the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope.</ref>
The WSRT is also an International GNSS Service site.<ref>IGS Station: wsrt, International GNSS Service.</ref>
WSRT observed galaxies in the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey at wavelengths of Template:Convert.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
The WSRT site is also hosting one of the two experimental EMBRACE (Electronic MultiBeam Radio Astronomy ConcEpt) phased array telescopes, part of the Phase 2 of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>