Editing Hoorn (section)

{{short description|City and municipality in North Holland}}
{{About|Hoorn, North Holland|other uses|Hoorn (disambiguation)}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Hoorn
| settlement_type                 = [[List of cities in the Netherlands by province|City]] and [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]]
| image_skyline            = {{multiple image
  | total_width            = 300
  | border                 = infobox
  | perrow                 = 1/2/1
  | caption_align          = center
  | image1                 = Hoorn - Hoofdtoren - 52961046087 (cropped).jpg
  | alt1                   = Hoofdtoren
  | caption1               = Hoofdtoren
  | image2                 = Hoorn - Statencollege - 50382106197 (cropped).jpg
  | alt2                   = Statencollege
  | caption2               = [[Westfries Museum|Statencollege]]
  | image3                 = Hoorn - Waag, Roode Steen 8 - 53327962440 (cropped).jpg
  | alt3                   = Waag
  | caption3               = [[Weigh house|Waag]]
  | image4                 = Theater Schouwburg Het Park 2014.jpg
  | alt4                   = Schouwburg Het Park
  | caption4               = Schouwburg Het Park
  }}
| image_flag                      = Flag of Hoorn.svg
| image_shield                    = Hoorn wapen HRvA.svg
| shield_size                     = x85px
| nickname                        = {{hlist|Coenstad<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pannekeet |first1=Jan |title=Westfries Woordenboek |date=1995 |publisher=Uitgeverij Noord-Holland |location=Wormerveer |isbn=90-71123-01-4 |page=67}}</ref>|City of the Golden Age<ref name="goldenage">{{cite web |title=City of the Golden Age |url=https://www.ikhouvanhoorn.nl/en/goldenage/ |website=Ik hou van Hoorn |access-date=23 June 2020 |language=en |archive-date=26 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626084016/https://www.ikhouvanhoorn.nl/en/goldenage/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}
| image_map                       = [[File:NL - locator map municipality code GM0405 (2016).png|border|250px]]
| map_caption                     = Location within North Holland, Netherlands
| pushpin_map                     = Netherlands#Europe
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location within the Netherlands##Location within Europe
| pushpin_relief                  = 1
| coordinates                     = {{coord|52|39|N|5|4|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[North Holland]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Regions of the Netherlands#Subregions|Subregion]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[West Friesland (historical region)|West Friesland]]
| governing_body                  = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                     = [[Jan Nieuwenburg]]
| leader_party                    = [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|PvdA]]
| established_title               = [[City rights]]
| established_date                = 1357 ({{Years ago|1357}} years ago)
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="kerncijfers">{{cite web |title=Regionale kerncijfers Nederland |url=https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/70072NED/table?dl=2C08A |website=CBS Statline |publisher=[[Statistics Netherlands]] |access-date=20 October 2021 |language=nl}}</ref>
| area_total_km2                  = 53.46
| area_land_km2                   = 20.38
| area_water_km2                  = 33.08
| elevation_footnotes             = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web |url=https://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool |title=Postcodetool for 1625HV |language=nl |publisher=Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland |access-date=10 March 2014 |archive-date=27 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727223640/http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| elevation_m                     = &minus;1
| population_as_of                = 1 January 2024
| population_footnotes            = <ref>{{cite web |title=Inwoners per gemeente |url=https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/visualisaties/dashboard-bevolking/regionaal/inwoners |website=[[Statistics Netherlands]] |access-date=2 February 2025 |language=nl-NL}}</ref>
| population_total                = 75645
| population_density_km2          = 3713
| population_demonym              = {{ubl|{{Lang|nl|Hoornaar}}|{{Lang|nl|Hoornse}} ([[Grammatical gender#Gender contrasts|fem.]])|{{Lang|nl|Horinees}} ([[Colloquialism|colloq.]])}}
| timezone                        = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset                      = +1
| timezone_DST                    = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = +2
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postal codes]]
| postal_code                     = 1620–1628, 1689, 1695
| area_code_type                  = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code                       = 0229
| website                         = {{URL|1=http://www.hoorn.nl}}
}}
'''Hoorn''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈɦoːr(ə)n|-|404_Hoorn.ogg}}) is a [[List of cities in the Netherlands by province|city]] and [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]] in the northwest of the [[Netherlands]], in the [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[North Holland]]. It is the largest town and the traditional capital of the region of [[West Friesland (region)|West Friesland]].<ref name="WG-Historie">{{cite web|url=https://www.westfriesgenootschap.nl/archivering/themas/hoorn/hoorn_historie.php|title=Hoorn: Historie|website=Westfries Genootschap|language=nl|access-date=17 March 2019|archive-date=8 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208224712/https://www.westfriesgenootschap.nl/archivering/themas/hoorn/hoorn_historie.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hoorn is located on the [[Markermeer]], 20 kilometers (12&nbsp;mi) east of [[Alkmaar]] and 35 kilometers (22&nbsp;mi) north of [[Amsterdam]]. The municipality has just over 75,000 inhabitants and a land area of {{convert|20.38|km2|abbr=on}}, making it the third most densely populated municipality in North Holland after [[Haarlem]] and Amsterdam.<ref name="kerncijfers"/> Apart from the city of Hoorn, the municipality includes the villages of [[Blokker, Netherlands|Blokker]] and [[Zwaag]], as well as parts of the [[Hamlet (place)|hamlets]] {{Ill|De Bangert|nl}}, [[De Hulk]] and {{Ill|Munnickaij|nl}}.

Hoorn is well known in the Netherlands for its rich history.<ref name="visit-holland">{{cite web |title=Hoorn & Enkhuizen in the Golden Age |url=https://www.holland.com/global/tourism/destinations/provinces/north-holland/hoorn-enkhuizen-in-the-golden-age.htm |website=Holland.com |access-date=29 March 2020 |language=en |date=6 October 2017}}</ref> The town acquired [[City rights in the Low Countries|city rights]] in 1357 and flourished during the [[Dutch Golden Age]].<ref name="goldenage"/> In this period, Hoorn developed into a prosperous [[port city]], being home to one of the six [[Dutch East India Company#Organisational structure|chambers]] of the [[Dutch East India Company]] (VOC).<ref name="visit-holland"/> Towards the end of the eighteenth century, however, it started to become increasingly more difficult for Hoorn to keep competing with nearby Amsterdam.<ref name="WG-Historie" /> Ultimately, it lost its function as port city and became a regional center of trade, mainly serving the smaller villages of West Friesland.<ref name="WG-Historie" /> Nowadays, Hoorn is a city with modern residential areas and a historic city center that, due to its proximity to Amsterdam, is sometimes considered to be part of the [[Randstad|Randstad metropolitan area]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.pbl.nl/sites/default/files/downloads/PBL_2012_Nieuwe-steden-in-de-Randstad_186.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008221438/https://www.pbl.nl/sites/default/files/downloads/PBL_2012_Nieuwe-steden-in-de-Randstad_186.pdf |archive-date=2020-10-08 |url-status=live|title=Nieuwe steden in de Randstad: Verstedelijking en suburbaniteit|publisher=[[Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency|PBL]]|date=September 2012|language=nl|access-date=12 March 2020}}</ref> [[Cape Horn]] and the [[Hoorn Islands]] were both named after this city.<ref>{{cite web |title=De ontdekking van Kaap Hoorn |url=https://www.hetscheepvaartmuseum.nl/over-ons/nieuws/755/de-ontdekking-van-kaap-hoorn |website=Het Scheepvaartmuseum |access-date=23 June 2020 |language=nl |date=28 January 2016}}</ref>