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Natural semantic metalanguage
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{{Short description|Linguistic theory of semantic description}} {{Linguistics}} '''Natural semantic metalanguage''' ('''NSM''') is a linguistic theory that reduces lexicons down to a set of [[semantic primitives]]. It is based on the conception of Polish professor [[Andrzej Bogusławski]]. The theory was formally developed by [[Anna Wierzbicka]] at [[Warsaw University]] and later at the [[Australian National University]] in the early 1970s,<ref name="Lexical Meaning">{{Cite book|title=Lexical Meaning|last=Murphy|first=M. Lynne|publisher=Cambridge|year=2010|isbn=978-0521677646|pages=69–73}}</ref> and [[Cliff Goddard]] at [[Australia]]'s [[Griffith University]].<ref name="Meaning and Universal Grammar">{{Cite book|title=Meaning and Universal Grammar: Theory and Empirical Findings|editor-last=Goddard|editor-first=Cliff|editor2-first=Anna|editor2-last=Wierzbicka|publisher=John Benjamins|year=2002|isbn=9781588112644|location=Amsterdam}}</ref>
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