Editing Oʼodham language (section)

{{Short description|Uto-Aztecan language spoken in Mexico and US}}
{{Infobox language
| name             = Oʼodham
| nativename       = {{lang|ood|ʼOʼodham ha-ñeʼokĭ, ʼOʼodham ñiʼokĭ, Oʼodham ñiok}}
| states           = [[United States]], [[Mexico]]
| region           = Primarily south-central [[Arizona]] and northern [[Sonora]]
| ethnicity        = [[Tohono Oʼodham people|Tohono Oʼodham]], [[Pima people|Akimel Oʼodham]], [[Hia C-eḍ Oʼodham]]
| speakers         = 15,000
| date             = 2007
| ref              = e18
| speakers2        = 180 [[monolingual]]s (1990 census);<br />1,240 (Mexico, 2020 census)<ref>{{cite web |title=Hablantes de lengua indígena |url=http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/poblacion/lindigena.aspx |website=Cuéntame |publisher=[[INEGI]] |access-date=13 July 2021 |language=es |trans-title=Speakers of Indigenous Languages}}</ref>
| nation           = One of the national languages of Mexico<ref>{{cite act |type=Ley General |date=13 March 2003 |legislature=Congreso de la Unión |title=[[Ley General de Derechos Lingüísticos de los Pueblos Indígenas]] |trans-title=General Law of Indigenous Peoples' Linguistic Rights |url=http://www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx/Documentos/Federal/html/wo108985.html |language=es}}</ref>
| agency           = [[Secretariat of Public Education (Mexico)|Secretariat of Public Education]] in Mexico; various tribal agencies in the United States
| familycolor      = Uto-Aztecan
| fam1             = [[Uto-Aztecan languages|Uto-Aztecan]]
| fam2             = [[Southern Uto-Aztecan languages|Southern Uto-Aztecan]]
| fam3             = [[Tepiman languages|Tepiman]]
| iso3             = ood
| glotto           = toho1245
| glottorefname    = Tohono Oʼodham
| map2             = Lang Status 60-DE.svg
| mapcaption2      = {{center|{{small|Oʼodham is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO ''[[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000187026|title=Atlas of the world's languages in danger|last1=Moseley|first1=Christopher|last2=Nicolas|first2=Alexandre|website=unesdoc.unesco.org|access-date=2022-07-11}}</ref>}}}}
| notice           = IPA
| pronunciation    = {{IPA|ood|ˈʔɔʔɔðam|}}
}}

'''Oʼodham''' ({{IPA|ood|ˈʔɔʔɔðam|pron}}, {{small|English approximation:}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|oʊ|.|ɒ|ð|ə|m|,_|-|d|ə|m}} {{respell|OH|od(h)|əm}}) or '''Papago-Pima''' is a [[Uto-Aztecan languages|Uto-Aztecan]] language of southern [[Arizona]] and northern [[Sonora]], Mexico,  where the [[Tohono Oʼodham people|Tohono Oʼodham]] (formerly called the Papago) and [[Pima people|Akimel Oʼodham]] (traditionally called Pima) reside.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Estrada Fernández |first1=Zarina |last2=Oseguera Montiel |first2=Andrés |title=La documentación de la tradición oral entre los pima: el diablo pelea con la luna |journal=Indiana |date=2015 |volume=32 |pages=125–152 |doi=10.18441/ind.v32i0.125-152 |trans-title=Pima's oral tradition record: the devil fights the moon |publisher=[[Ibero-American Institute]] |location=Berlin |language=es |issn=2365-2225 |doi-access=free |quote=El pima bajo es una lengua yutoazteca (yutonahua) de la rama tepimana. Otras tres lenguas de esta rama son el tepehuano del norte, el tepehuano del sur o sureste y el antiguo pápago, actualmente denominado ''o’otam'' en Sonora y ''tohono o’odham'' y ''akimel o’odham'' (pima) en Arizona.|quote-page=126}}</ref> In 2000 there were estimated to be approximately 9,750 speakers in the United States and Mexico combined, although there may be more due to underreporting.

It is the 10th most-spoken indigenous language in the United States, and the 3rd most-spoken [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|indigenous language]] in Arizona (after [[Western Apache language|Western Apache]] and [[Navajo language|Navajo]]). It is the third-most spoken language in [[Pinal County, Arizona]], and the fourth-most spoken language in [[Pima County, Arizona]].

Approximately 8% of Oʼodham speakers in the US speak English "not well" or "not at all", according to results of the 2000 Census. Approximately 13% of Oʼodham speakers in the US were between the ages of 5 and 17, and among the younger Oʼodham speakers, approximately 4% were reported as speaking English "not well" or "not at all".

Native names for the language, depending on the dialect and orthography, include {{lang|ood|Oʼodham ha-ñeʼokĭ}}, {{lang|ood|Oʼottham ha-neoki}}, and {{lang|ood|Oʼodham ñiok}}.