Editing Rusyn language (section)

{{Short description|East Slavic language spoken by Carpathian Rusyns, Lemkos, Boykos, and Hutsuls}}
{{Distinguish|Pannonian Rusyn|Ruthenian language|Russian language}}
{{Redirect|Carpathian Rusyn|the people|Rusyns}}
{{Infobox language
| name             = Rusyn
| nativename       = {{lang|rue|русиньскый язык; руски язик}}<br>{{Transliteration|rue|rusîn'skyj jazyk; ruski jazik}}
| ethnicity        = [[Rusyns]]
| minority         = {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}<br>{{flag|Croatia}}{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}<br>{{flag|Czech Republic}}{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}<br>{{flag|Hungary}}{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://languagecharter.eokik.hu/sites/StatesParties/Hungary.htm |title=Implementation of the Charter in Hungary |work=Database for the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages|publisher=Public Foundation for European Comparative Minority Research|access-date=16 June 2014|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227004902/http://languagecharter.eokik.hu/sites/StatesParties/Hungary.htm|archive-date=27 February 2014}}</ref><br/>{{flag|Poland}}{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mniejszosci.narodowe.mac.gov.pl/download/86/13148/I_RAPORT__Europejska_karta_jezykow_regionalnych_lub_mniejszosciowych.pdf |title= I Raport dla Sekretarza Rady Europy z realizacji przez Rzeczpospolitą Polską postanowień ''Europejskiej karty języków regionalnych lub mniejszościowych'' |access-date=28 April 2019|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701233021/http://mniejszosci.narodowe.mac.gov.pl/download/86/13148/I_RAPORT__Europejska_karta_jezykow_regionalnych_lub_mniejszosciowych.pdf|archive-date=1 July 2014}}</ref><br>{{flag|Romania}}{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}<br/>{{flag|Slovakia}}{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}
| speakers         = {{sigfig|70,190|1}}
| date             = 2001–2013
| ref              = e25
| speakers2        = [[Slovakia]] – 38,679<ref>{{cite web |title=Number of population by mother tongue in the Slovak Republic at 1. 1. 2021 |url=https://www.scitanie.sk/en/population/basic-results/ |publisher=Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic |access-date=21 January 2022 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225840/https://www.scitanie.sk/en/population/basic-results/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br>[[Serbia]] – 15,626<ref>{{cite web |url=http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/axd/Zip/eSn31.pdf |title=Final results of the census 2002 |author=Republic of Serbia, Republic Statistical Office |date=24 December 2002 |access-date=16 December 2010 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306111312/http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/axd/Zip/eSn31.pdf |archive-date=6 March 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><br>[[Poland]] – 10,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/PUBL_lu_nps2011_wyniki_nsp2011_22032012.pdf|title=Home|publisher=Central Statistical Office of Poland|access-date=22 March 2012|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116214520/http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/PUBL_lu_nps2011_wyniki_nsp2011_22032012.pdf|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br>[[Ukraine]] – 6,725<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/nationality_population/nationality_popul2/select_5/?data1=1&box=5.5W&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1&k_t=00&botton=cens_db|title=About number and composition population of UKRAINE by data All-Ukrainian population census 2001 data|author=State Statistics Committee of Ukraine|access-date=16 December 2010|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302164007/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/nationality_population/nationality_popul2/select_5/?data1=1&box=5.5W&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1&k_t=00&botton=cens_db|archive-date=2 March 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br>[[Croatia]] – 2,337<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dzs.hr/default_e.htm |title=Republic of Croatia – Central Bureau of Statistics |publisher=Crostat |access-date=5 September 2010 |archive-date=27 May 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060527005051/http://www.dzs.hr/default_e.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><br>[[Hungary]] – 1,113<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nepszamlalas2001.hu/eng/volumes/24/tables/load1_8.html |title=1.28 Population by mother tongue, nationality and sex, 1900–2001 |year=2001 |publisher=Hungarian Central Statistical Office |access-date=28 February 2012 |archive-date=20 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120132544/http://www.nepszamlalas2001.hu/eng/volumes/24/tables/load1_8.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br>[[Czech Republic]] – 777<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vdb.czso.cz/sldbvo/#!stranka=podle-tematu&tu=30629&th=&v=&vo=H4sIAAAAAAAAAFvzloG1uIhBMCuxLFGvtCQzR88jsTjDN7GAlf3WwcNiCReZGZjcGLhy8hNT3BKTS_KLPBk4SzKKUosz8nNSKgrsHRhAgKecA0gKADF3CQNnaLBrUIBjkKNvcSFDHQMDhhqGCqCiYA__cLCiEgZGvxIGdg9_Fz__EMeCEgY2b38XZ89gIIvLxTHEP8wx2NEFJM4ZHOIY5u_t7-MJ1OIP5IdEBkT5OwU5RgH5IUB9fo4ePq4uEPNYw1yDolzhPstJzEvX88wrSU1PLRJ6tGDJ98Z2CyYGRk8G1rLEnNLUiiIGAYQ6v9LcpNSitjVTZbmnPOhmArq34D8QlDDwAG10C_KFWcoe4ugU6uPtWMLA4eni6hcSEAZ0FYe_k3OQmaGJUwUA4lOtR1sBAAA.&vseuzemi=null&void= |title=Obyvatelstvo podle věku, mateřského jazyka a pohlaví |access-date=2 November 2012 |archive-date=27 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627004729/http://vdb.czso.cz/sldbvo/#!stranka=podle-tematu&tu=30629&th=&v=&vo=H4sIAAAAAAAAAFvzloG1uIhBMCuxLFGvtCQzR88jsTjDN7GAlf3WwcNiCReZGZjcGLhy8hNT3BKTS_KLPBk4SzKKUosz8nNSKgrsHRhAgKecA0gKADF3CQNnaLBrUIBjkKNvcSFDHQMDhhqGCqCiYA__cLCiEgZGvxIGdg9_Fz__EMeCEgY2b38XZ89gIIvLxTHEP8wx2NEFJM4ZHOIY5u_t7-MJ1OIP5IdEBkT5OwU5RgH5IUB9fo4ePq4uEPNYw1yDolzhPstJzEvX88wrSU1PLRJ6tGDJ98Z2CyYGRk8G1rLEnNLUiiIGAYQ6v9LcpNSitjVTZbmnPOhmArq34D8QlDDwAG10C_KFWcoe4ugU6uPtWMLA4eni6hcSEAZ0FYe_k3OQmaGJUwUA4lOtR1sBAAA.&vseuzemi=null&void= |url-status=live }}</ref>
| familycolor      = Indo-European
| fam2             = [[Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]]
| fam3             = [[Slavic languages|Slavic]]
| fam4             = [[East Slavic languages|East Slavic]]
| ancestor         = [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]]
| ancestor2        = [[Proto-Balto-Slavic language|Proto-Balto-Slavic]]
| ancestor3        = [[Proto-Slavic language|Proto-Slavic]]
| ancestor4        = [[Old East Slavic language|Old East Slavic]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Biggam |first1=Carole P. |title=A Cultural History of Color in the Medieval Age |date=2022 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing Plc |location=London |isbn=9781350193499 |pages=124}}</ref>
| ancestor5        = [[Ruthenian language|Ruthenian]]
| dia1             = [[Lemko dialect|Lemko]]{{sfn|Pugh|2009|p=vii}}
| dia2             = Prešov{{sfn|Pugh|2009|p=vii}}
| dia3             = [[Transcarpathian dialect|Subcarpathian]]{{sfn|Pugh|2009|p=vii}}
| script           = [[Cyrillic script]] ([[Rusyn language#Alphabet|Rusyn alphabets]])<br>[[Latin script]] ([[Slovakia]])<ref>{{e21|rue|Rusyn}}</ref>
| nation           = {{flag|Serbia}} (in [[Vojvodina]]){{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skupstinavojvodine.gov.rs/?s=aktAPV001&j=EN|title=The Statue of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia|publisher=Skupstinavojvodine.gov.rs|access-date=2012-08-07|archive-date=3 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303072347/http://www.skupstinavojvodine.gov.rs/?s=aktAPV001&j=EN|url-status=live}}</ref>
| iso3             = rue
| glotto           = rusy1239
| glottorefname    = Rusyn
| lingua           = 53-AAA-ec < [[East Slavic languages|53-AAA-e]]<br>(varieties: 53-AAA-eca to 53-AAA-ecc)
| notice           = IPA
| map              = Idioma rusino.PNG
| map2             = Lang Status 80-VU.svg
| mapcaption2      = {{center|{{small|Rusyn is classified as Vulnerable by the [[UNESCO]] ''[[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]]''}}}} {{citation needed|date=August 2022}}
}}

'''Rusyn''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|uː|s|ᵻ|n}} {{respell|ROO|sin}};<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rusyn |url=https://www.oed.com/dictionary/rusyn_n |website=[[Oxford English Dictionary]]}}</ref> {{langx|rue|label=Carpathian Rusyn|русиньскый язык|rusîn'skyj jazyk}}; {{langx|rue|label=[[Pannonian Rusyn]]|руски язик|ruski jazik}})<ref name="auto">http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2781/1/2011BaptieMPhil-1.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523095552/http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2781/1/2011BaptieMPhil-1.pdf |date=23 May 2018 }}, p. 8.</ref>{{sfn|Plishkova|2009|p=17, 37, 67}} is an [[East Slavic languages|East Slavic]] language spoken by [[Rusyns]] in parts of [[Central Europe|Central]] and [[Eastern Europe]], and written in the [[Cyrillic script]].{{sfn|Pugh|2009|p=7}} The majority of speakers live in [[Carpathian Ruthenia]], which includes [[Zakarpattia Oblast|Transcarpathia]] and parts of eastern [[Slovakia]] and south-eastern [[Poland]].{{sfn|Pugh|2009|p=3}} There is also a sizeable [[Pannonian Rusyn]] linguistic island in [[Vojvodina]], [[Serbia]],{{sfn|Pugh|2009|p=3}} and a Rusyn [[diaspora]] worldwide.{{sfn|Magocsi|Pop|2005|p=267-281}}{{sfn|Kushko|2007|p=111-132}} Under the [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]], it is recognized as a protected minority language by [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Hungary]], [[Romania]], [[Poland]] (as Lemko), [[Serbia]], and [[Slovakia]].{{sfn|Council of Europe|2021}}

The categorization of Rusyn as a language or dialect is a source of controversy.{{sfn|Moser|2016|p=124-139}} Czech, Slovak, and Hungarian, as well as American and some Polish and Serbian linguists treat it as a distinct language<ref>Bernard Comrie, "Slavic Languages," ''International Encyclopedia of Linguistics'' (1992, Oxford, Vol 3), pp. 452–456.<br>Ethnologue, 16th edition</ref>{{update inline|reason=Possibly outdated considering current status of language in some of these countries.|date=December 2021}} (with its own [[ISO 639-3]] code), whereas other scholars (in Ukraine, Poland, Serbia, and Romania) treat it as a dialect of [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]].<ref>George Y. Shevelov, "Ukrainian," ''The Slavonic Languages'', ed. Bernard Comrie and Greville G. Corbett (1993, Routledge), pp. 947–998.</ref>{{update inline|reason=Possibly outdated considering current status of language in some of these countries.|date=December 2021}}
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