Editing Sodium nitrite (section)

{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{Distinguish|sodium nitrate|sodium nitride|nitratine}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields  = changed
| verifiedrevid  = 477163131
| Name           = 
| ImageFile      = Sodium nitrite.svg
| ImageClass     = skin-invert
| ImageFileL1    = Nitrite-3D-vdW.png
| ImageClassL1   = bg-transparent
| ImageNameL1    = The nitrite anion (space-filling model)
| ImageFileR1    = Sodium-3D.png
| ImageSizeR1    = 80px
| ImageNameR1    = The sodium cation
| ImageFile2     = Natriumnitrit Elementarzelle.png
| ImageCaption2  = Unit cell of sodium nitrite under standard conditions
| ImageFile3     = Sodium nitrite crystals.jpg
| ImageName3     = Sodium nitrite
| OtherNames     = 
| IUPACName      = Sodium nitrite
| PIN            = Sodium nitrite
| SystematicName = 
| pronounce      = 
| Section1       = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 22689
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} 
| ChEBI = 78870
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 93268
| KEGG = D05865
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = M0KG633D4F
| InChI = 1/HNO2.Na/c2-1-3;/h(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1
| InChIKey = LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-REWHXWOFAO
| SMILES = N(=O)[O-].[Na+]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/HNO2.Na/c2-1-3;/h(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| CASNo = 7632-00-0
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 23668193
| UNNumber = 1500 3287
| EINECS = 231-555-9
| RTECS = RA1225000
 }}
| Section2       = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem2|NaNO2}}
| MolarMass = 68.9953 g/mol
| Appearance = white or slightly yellowish crystalline solid
| Density = 2.168 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Solubility = {{ubl|71.4 g/(100 mL) (0&nbsp;°C)|84.8 g/(100 mL) (25&nbsp;°C)|160 g/(100 mL) (100&nbsp;°C)}}
| Solvent1 = methanol
| Solubility1 = 4.4 g/(100 mL)
| Solvent2 = ethanol
| Solubility2 = Soluble
| Solvent3 = diethyl ether
| Solubility3 = 0.3 g/(100 mL)
| Solvent4 = ammonia
| Solubility4 = Very soluble
| MeltingPtC = 271
| MeltingPt_notes = (decomposes at 320&nbsp;°C)
| pKa = ~9
| RefractIndex = 1.65
| MagSus = −14.5·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
 }}
| Section3       = {{Chembox Structure
| Coordination =
| CrystalStruct = [[Orthorhombic]]
| Structure_ref = <ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gohda T, Ichikawa M |title=The Refinement of the Structure of Ferroelectric Sodium Nitrite |journal=Journal of the Korean Physical Society |volume=29 |date=November 1996 |pages=551–554}}</ref>
| SpaceGroup = Im2m
| LattConst_a = 3.5653(8)&nbsp;Å
| LattConst_b = 5.5728(7)&nbsp;Å
| LattConst_c = 5.3846(13)&nbsp;Å
| UnitCellFormulas = 2
 }}
| Section4       = 
| Section5       = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −359&nbsp;kJ/mol<ref name=b1>{{cite book| vauthors = Zumdahl SS |title =Chemical Principles |edition=6th| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 978-0-618-94690-7|page=A23}}</ref>
| DeltaGf = −295 kJ/mol
| Entropy = 106 J/(mol·K)
 }}
| Section6       = {{Chembox Pharmacology
| ATCCode_prefix = V03
| ATCCode_suffix = AB08
}}
| Section7       = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = {{cite web | title = Sodium nitrite | work = Safety Data Sheet | publisher = Sigma-Aldrich | date = 28 December 2022 | url = https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/en/sds/aldrich/563218}}
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 1
| NFPA-S = OX
| GHS_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank sodium nitrite |url=https://gestis.dguv.de/data?name=001380&lang=en |website=gestis.dguv.de |access-date=10 December 2021}}</ref>
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS03}}{{GHS06}}{{GHS09}}
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|272|301|319|400}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|220|273|301+310|305+351+338}}
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPtC = 489
| LD50 = 180 mg/kg (rats, oral)
 }}
| Section8       = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Sodium nitrate]]
| OtherCations = {{ubl|[[Potassium nitrite]]|[[Ammonium nitrite]]|[[Lithium nitrite]]|[[Silver nitrite]]}}
| OtherCompounds = [[Nitrous acid]]
 }}
}}

'''Sodium nitrite''' is an [[inorganic compound]] with the [[chemical formula]] {{chem2|NaNO2|auto=1}}. It is a white to slightly yellowish crystalline powder that is very soluble in water and is [[hygroscopic]]. From an industrial perspective, it is the most important [[nitrite]] salt. It is a precursor to a variety of organic compounds, such as pharmaceuticals, dyes, and pesticides, but it is probably best known as a food additive used in [[processed meat]]s and (in some countries) in fish products.<ref name=Ullmann>{{cite book |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |vauthors=Laue W, Thiemann M, Scheibler E, Wiegand KW |chapter=Nitrates and Nitrites |year=2006 |doi=10.1002/14356007.a17_265 |isbn=978-3-527-30673-2}}</ref>