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Tocharian B
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{{Short description|Extinct Indo-European languages in Asia}} {{Expand French|Koutchéen|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox language | name = Tocharian B | altname = Kuchean | nativename = {{lang|txb|Kuśiññe}} | image = Kizil standing Buddha. Tocharian inscription "This Buddha was painted by the hand of Sanketava".jpg | imagealt = | imagecaption = Tocharian inscription "This Buddha was painted by the hand of Sanketava" | states = [[Kucha#History|Kucha]] | region = [[Tarim Basin]] | ethnicity = [[Tocharians]] | extinct = 850 AD | ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=The ASJP Database - Wordlist Tocharian B|url=https://asjp.clld.org/languages/TOCHARIAN_B|access-date=2025-05-27|website=asjp.clld.org|quote=extinct since 850}}</ref> | familycolor = Indo-European | fam2 = [[Tocharian languages|Tocharian]] | ancestor = [[Proto-Tocharian]] | script = {{plainlist| *[[Tocharian script]] *[[Manichaean script]]}} | iso3 = txb | linglist = xtb | lingname = Tocharian B | glotto = tokh1243 | glottorefname = Tokharian B | notice = IPA | map = Tocharian languages.svg | mapcaption = Tocharian languages A (blue), B (red) and C (green) in the Tarim Basin.{{sfn|Mallory|Mair|2000|p=274}} Tarim oasis towns are given as listed in the ''[[Book of Han]]'' ({{circa}} 2nd century BC), with the areas of the squares proportional to population.{{sfn|Mallory|Mair|2000|p=67, 68}} }} {{Indo-European topics}} '''Tocharian B''' (also known as '''Kuchean''' or '''West Tocharian''') was a Western member of the [[Tocharian languages|Tocharian branch]] of Indo-European languages, extinct from the ninth century. Once spoken in the [[Tarim Basin]] in [[Central Asia]], Tocharian B shows an internal chronological development; three linguistic stages have been detected.{{sfn|Peyrot|2008|p={{pn|date=June 2022}}}} The oldest stage is attested only in Kucha. There is also the middle ('classicalʼ), and the late stage.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Peyrot |first1=Michaël |title=Tocharian Language |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |year=2015 |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tocharian-language }}</ref>
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