Editing Duce (section)

==History of the term==
The title was used outside its traditional noble sense in some of the publications praising [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] during the [[Italian unification]] in 1860, although not taken up officially by Garibaldi himself.<ref>Lucy Riall, "Garibaldi, Invention of a Hero", London, 2007, Ch. 9.</ref>

{{lang|it|Duce Supremo}} ({{literally|Supreme Leader}}) was more formally used by [[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy|Victor Emmanuel III]] in 1915, during World War I, referring to his role as the commander in chief of the armed forces. The term was also used by [[Gabriele d'Annunzio]] as [[dictator]] of the self-proclaimed [[Italian Regency of Carnaro]] in 1920, and most significantly by [[Italian fascist]] dictator [[Benito Mussolini]]. The first record of the term being used in reference to Mussolini dates to a banquet held in his honor in [[Forlì]] in 1912, celebrating his new position as editor-in-chief of {{lang|it|[[Avanti! (newspaper)|Avanti!]]}}.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gallo |first=Max |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n161DwAAQBAJ&dq=mussolini+duce+1912+avanti&pg=PT37 |title=Mussolini's Italy: Twenty Years of the Fascist Era |date=2019-10-10 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-429-65543-2 |language=en}}</ref>

Because the title {{lang|it|Il Duce}} has become associated with [[fascism]], it is no longer in common use other than in reference to Mussolini. Because of modern [[anti-fascist]] sentiment, Italian speakers in general now use other words for leader, mainly including the English loanword. {{lang|it|Duce}} survives as an [[antonomasia]] for Mussolini.