Editing Octreotide (section)

==Medical uses==

===Tumors===
Octreotide is used for the treatment of [[growth hormone]] producing tumors ([[acromegaly]] and [[gigantism]]), when surgery is contraindicated, pituitary tumors that secrete [[thyroid-stimulating hormone]] (thyrotropinoma),{{citation needed|date=March 2020}} [[diarrhea]] and [[Flushing (physiology)|flushing]] episodes associated with [[carcinoid syndrome]], and diarrhea in people with [[vasoactive intestinal peptide]]-secreting tumors ([[VIPoma]]s). Octreotide is also used in mild cases of [[glucagonoma]] when surgery is not an option.<ref>Octreotide {{Drugs.com|monograph|octreotide-acetate}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Moattari AR, Cho K, Vinik AI|year=1990|title=Somatostatin analogue in treatment of coexisting glucagonoma and pancreatic pseudocyst: dissociation of responses|journal=Surgery|volume=108|issue=3|pages=581–7|pmid=2168587}}</ref>

===Bleeding esophageal varices===
Octreotide is often given as an infusion for management of acute [[hemorrhage]] from [[esophageal varices]] in liver [[cirrhosis]] on the basis that it reduces [[Portal hypertension|portal venous pressure]], though current evidence suggests that this effect is transient and does not improve survival.<ref name="pmid18677774">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gøtzsche PC, Hróbjartsson A | title = Somatostatin analogues for acute bleeding oesophageal varices | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 3 | pages = CD000193 | date = July 2008 | volume = 2008 | pmid = 18677774 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD000193.pub3 | pmc = 7043291 }}</ref>

===Radiolabeling===
{{Further|Octreotide scan}}
Octreotide is used in [[nuclear imaging|nuclear medicine imaging]] by labeling with [[indium-111]] (Octreoscan) to noninvasively image neuroendocrine and other tumours expressing somatostatin receptors.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.medscape.com/s/viewarticle/406655_3 |title=Medscape: Octreoscan review |access-date=28 October 2010 |archive-date=12 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212162120/http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/406655_3 |url-status=live }}</ref> It has been radiolabeled with [[carbon-11]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Chin J, Vesnaver M, Bernard-Gauthier V, Saucke-Lacelle E, Wängler B, Wängler C, Schirrmacher R | title = Direct one-step labeling of cysteine residues on peptides with [(11)C]methyl triflate for the synthesis of PET radiopharmaceuticals | journal = Amino Acids | volume = 45 | issue = 5 | pages = 1097–108 | date = November 2013 | pmid = 23921782 | doi = 10.1007/s00726-013-1562-5 | s2cid = 16848582 }}</ref> as well as [[gallium-68]] (using [[edotreotide]]), enabling imaging with [[positron emission tomography]] (PET).

===Acromegaly===
In June 2020, octreotide (Mycapssa) was approved for medical use in the United States with an [[Indication (medicine)|indication]] for the long-term maintenance treatment in acromegaly patients who have responded to and tolerated treatment with octreotide or [[lanreotide]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Octreotide Capsules - Our Research | website=Chiasma | date=24 January 2020 | url=https://chiasma.com/octreotide-capsules/ | access-date=30 June 2020 | archive-date=2 July 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702123255/https://chiasma.com/octreotide-capsules/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Chiasma Mycapssa PR">{{cite press release | title=Chiasma Announces FDA Approval of Mycapssa (Octreotide) Capsules, the First and Only Oral Somatostatin Analog | website=Chiasma | date=26 June 2020 | url=https://ir.chiasma.com/news-releases/news-release-details/chiasma-announces-fda-approval-mycapssar-octreotide-capsules | access-date=30 June 2020 | archive-date=30 June 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630012616/https://ir.chiasma.com/news-releases/news-release-details/chiasma-announces-fda-approval-mycapssar-octreotide-capsules | url-status=dead }}</ref> Mycapssa is the first oral somatostatin analog (SSA) approved by the FDA.<ref name="Chiasma Mycapssa PR" />

===Hypoglycemia===
Octreotide is also used in the treatment of refractory hypoglycemia or [[congenital hyperinsulinism]] in neonates<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = McMahon AW, Wharton GT, Thornton P, De Leon DD | title = Octreotide use and safety in infants with hyperinsulinism | journal = Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety | volume = 26 | issue = 1 | pages = 26–31 | date = January 2017 | pmid = 27910218 | pmc = 5286465 | doi = 10.1002/pds.4144 }}</ref> and [[sulphonylurea]]-induced hypoglycemia in adults.