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Tonyukuk
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== Name == The name is spelled as ''t<sub>1</sub>-o-ɲ-uq<sub>1</sub>-uq<sub>1</sub>'' ({{script|Orkh|𐱃𐰆𐰪𐰸𐰸}}) in the [[Old Turkic script]], variously interpreted as ''Tunuquq'', ''Tonuquq'', ''Tuj-uquq'', '' Toɲ Yuguq'', ''Tujun-oq'', ''Tojuquq'', ''Tuɲoqoq'' with a number of suggestions for its etymology. According to Sertkaya, ''Tunuk'' means "clear, pure, abyss, who reached the depth" or "pure, penetrative", and ''uq'' or ''oq'' means "idea, wise, well-informed". Thus, Tonuquq is the owner of deep and pure idea.<ref>O. F. Sertkaya (2003, p. 33)</ref><ref>Nadelyaev V.M. “Orhon–Eniseisk mark’s reading” and “Etymology of the name of Tonuquq”. // Turkology researches M.L. 1963 pp. 197–213; Amanzholov A.C. “Talas, Enisey and Orhon inscriptions’ graphics” /Kazakh language and literature, KAz SU, Almaty, 1973. Amanzholov A.C. “Old Turkic inscriptions History and Theory”, Almaty, 2003; pp. 56–57.</ref> His title "Bilge" means wise or master.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ON THE NAME AND TITLES OF TONYUQUQ |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/991592 |access-date=28 December 2024|author=Erhan AYDIN}}</ref> According to Klyashtorny, the element ''yuquq'' means "hidden, protected thing, value, treasure, jewelry", which is derived from the verb "yoq/yuq" meaning "to hide, to protect" (used in Uyghur legal documents); meanwhile, the other ''ton'' means "first"; thus his Chinese name 元珍 ''Yuánzhēn'' is a calque of his Turkic name ''Tonyuquq'', both meaning "first treasure"<ref>S. G. Klyashtorny 1966, pp. 202–205</ref> René M. Giraud read the name as ''tonïuquq'', from ''ton'' "dress, clothes" with ''I'' possessive and ''yuquq'' (from the verb ''yuk-'' "to stick") and meaning "whose dress is blessed with oil"; Likewise, [[Jean-Paul Roux]] explained the name as "with oiled dress" while discussing the culinary culture of the Mongols and suggesting that they had dirty and stained clothes.<ref>Aydın, Erhan "On the name and titles of Tonyuquq", ''Türkbilig'', 2019/37: 1–10</ref>
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