Editing Tuvan language (section)

==== Tuvan Latin ====
[[File:Emblem of the Tuvan People's Republic (1933-1939).svg|thumb|Example of Latin-based alphabet on the Tuvan People's Republic coat of arms. It says "PYGY TELEGEJNIꞐ PROLETARLARЬ POLGAŞ TARLATKAN ARATTARЬ KATTЬƵЬꞐAR".]]
The Latin-based alphabet for Tuvan was devised in 1930 by a Tuvan Buddhist lama, Mongush [[Lopsang-Chinmit]] (a.k.a. Lubsan Zhigmed). This project was proposed based on the German alphabet, albeit with a modified letter order. In this proposed system, all vowels were placed first (10 letters), followed by consonants (18 letters). This order is characteristic of the classical Mongolian script. Moreover, the pronunciation of several letters underwent significant alteration.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Бичелдей |first1=Каадыр-Оол |title=80 лет тувинской письменности: становление, развитие, перспективы |journal=Новые исследования Тувы |date=2010 |issue=4 |page=221 |url=https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/article/view/480 |access-date=2024-10-06 |language=ru |issn=2079-8482}}</ref><ref>For an image of the alphabet, see article {{cite journal |last1=Доржу |first1=Зоя |last2=Монгуш |first2=Игорь |title=ТРАГИЧЕСКАЯ СУДЬБА УЧЕНОГО ЛАМЫ ЛОПСАН-ЧИНМИТА |journal=Социально-экономический и гуманитарный журнал Красноярского ГАУ |date=2023 |issue=4 |page=141 |url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/tragicheskaya-sudba-uchenogo-lamy-lopsan-chinmita |access-date=2024-10-06}}, Figure 1</ref>

A few books and newspapers, including primers intended to teach adults to read, were printed using this writing system. Lopsang-Chinmit was later executed in Stalinist purges on 31 December 1941.<ref>{{harvp|Mänchen-Helfen|1992|page=133n}}</ref>

In the USSR, Aleksandr Palmbach, [[Yevgeny Polivanov]], and [[Nicholas Poppe]] were engaged in the development of the Tuvan Latinized alphabet. These researchers utilized the so-called [[Yañalif|New Turkic Alphabet]] as a foundation for their work.  [[Yañalif|New Turkic Alphabet]] was designed with the intention of facilitating unification of writing systems among all Turkic peoples. In early 1930, the Tuvan alphabet was finalized and officially introduced on June 28, 1930, by a decree of the TPR government. The approved Tuvan alphabet was as follows: 

{| cellpadding="3" style="font-size:1.4em; border:1px solid black; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF; text-align:center"
| style="width:3em"| A a
| style="width:3em"| B ʙ
| style="width:3em"| C c
| style="width:3em"| D d
| style="width:3em"| E e
| style="width:3em"| F f
| style="width:3em"| G g
| style="width:3em"| Ƣ ƣ
|-
| style="width:3em"| H h
| style="width:3em"| I i
| style="width:3em"| J j
| style="width:3em"| Ɉ ɉ
| style="width:3em"| K k
| style="width:3em"| L l
| style="width:3em"| M m
| style="width:3em"| N n
|-
| style="width:3em"| Ꞑ ꞑ
| style="width:3em"| O o
| style="width:3em"| Ө ө
| style="width:3em"| P p
| style="width:3em"| R r
| style="width:3em"| S s
| style="width:3em"| Ş ş
| style="width:3em"| T t
|-
| style="width:3em"| U u
| style="width:3em"| V v
| style="width:3em"| X x
| style="width:3em"| Y y
| style="width:3em"| Z z
| style="width:3em"| Ƶ ƶ
| style="width:3em"| Ь ь
|
|}
The letter Ɉ ɉ was excluded from the alphabet in 1931.