Editing Juniper Networks (section)

===Origins and funding===

[[File:Juniper Networks found Pradeep Sindhu headshot.jpeg|thumb|left|upright|Juniper founder Pradeep Sindhu]]

[[Pradeep Sindhu]],<ref name="economist">{{cite news|title=Business: Spot the difference; Juniper Networks|newspaper=The Economist|date=September 1, 2001|url=http://www.economist.com/node/761092}}</ref> a scientist with [[Xerox]]'s [[Palo Alto Research Center]] (PARC),<ref name="five"/> conceived the idea for Juniper Networks while on vacation in 1995<ref name="one">{{cite book
 | last =Votteler
 | first =Ed
 | title =International Directory of Company Histories: Juniper Networks, Inc.
 | publisher =St. James Press
 | volume =43
 | date =2002
 | pages =251–255
 }}</ref>
and founded the company in February 1996.<ref name="dateoffoundation">{{cite news|newspaper=Telephony|first=Sandra|last=Guy|date=September 2, 1997|title=Startup sprouts with lofty goals}}</ref> Sindhu wanted to create [[data packet]]-based routers that were optimized for Internet traffic ([[packet switching]]),<ref name="one"/><ref name="twelve"/> whereby the [[routing]] and transferring of data occurs "by means of addressed packets so that a [[Communication channel|channel]] is occupied during the [[transmission (telecommunications)|transmission]] of the packet only, and upon completion of the transmission the channel is made available for the transfer of other [[network traffic|traffic]]."<ref>Martin Weik - [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCYBCAAAQBAJ&dq=packet-switching&pg=PA718 Fiber Optics Standard Dictionary] Springer Science & Business Media 6 Dec 2012, 1219 pages, {{ISBN|1461560233}} [Retrieved 2015-08-04]</ref><ref>National Telecommunication Information Administration - [https://books.google.com/books?id=xSa_AAAAQBAJ&dq=addressed+packets+of+data&pg=SL16-PA1 Telecommunications: Glossary of Telecommunications Terms] published by [[Rowman & Littlefield|Government Institutes]] 1 Apr 1997, 480 pages, {{ISBN|1461732328}}, ''Volume 1037, Part 3 of Federal Standard'' [Retrieved 2015-08-04]</ref> He was joined by engineers Bjorn Liencres from [[Sun Microsystems]] and Dennis Ferguson from [[MCI Communications]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Startups introduce faster routers|last=Duke|first=Jeremy|newspaper=Electronic News|date=November 24, 1997}}</ref>

Sindhu started Juniper Networks with $2 million in [[Seed money|seed funding]], which was followed by $12 million in funding in the company's first year of operations.<ref>{{cite news|title=Startup snags $40M in a bid to redefine routers|last=Wirbel|first=Loring|newspaper=Electronic Engineering Times|date=September 1, 1997}}</ref> About seven months after the company's founding, [[Scott Kriens]] was appointed CEO to manage the business, while founder Sindhu became the [[Chief Technology Officer]].<ref name="five"/><ref name="six">{{cite news|title=The ties that bind|date=April 6, 1998|url=https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1998/0406/6107124a.html|newspaper=Forbes|access-date=December 11, 2014|first=Eric|last=Nee}}</ref> By February 1997, Juniper had raised $8 million in [[Venture capital|venture funding]].<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|first=Steve|last=Steinberg|date=February 24, 1997|access-date=November 19, 2014|title=Cisco ' s Shift in Focus May Well Have Cost It Its Vision|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-02-24-fi-31985-story.html}}</ref> Later that year, Juniper Networks raised an additional $40 million in investments<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1997/08/29/BU70920.DTL|title=Startup Gets $40 Million To Loosen Cisco's Hold|date=29 August 1997|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle|access-date=4 February 2009 | first=Tom | last=Abate}}</ref> from a round that included four out of five of the largest telecommunications equipment manufacturers: [[Siemens]], [[Ericsson]], [[Nortel]] and [[3Com]].<ref>{{cite news|date=August 29, 1997|url=http://news.cnet.com/2100-1001-202830.html|publisher=CNET|access-date=December 5, 2014|first=Ben|last=Heskett|title=Net start-up has rich friends}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Four makers of telecom equipment join to invest in project to speed up Internet|last=Christian|first=Hill|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=August 29, 1997}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Network World|first=Tim|last=Greene|date=September 1, 1997|title=Juniper attracts big money}}</ref><ref name="eight">{{cite news|title=Top firms pour funds into Juniper|first=Carol|last=Haber|newspaper=Electronic News|date=September 8, 1997|page=56}}</ref> Juniper also received $2.5 million from [[Qwest]] and other investments from [[AT&T]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Juniper remains dark horse|last=Carter|first=Wayne|newspaper=Telephony|date=December 15, 1997}}</ref>