Editing Open-mid back rounded vowel (section)

==Occurrence==
{| class="wikitable" style="clear: both;"
! colspan="2" | Language !! Word !! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]!! Meaning !! Notes
|-
|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]
|[[Tosk Albanian|Tosk]]
|[[Albanian alphabet|tortë]]
|[ˈtɔɾtə]
|'cake'
|
|-
| [[Armenian language|Armenian]] || [[Eastern Armenian|Eastern]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Dum-Tragut|2009|p=13}}</ref> || {{lang|hy|[[Armenian alphabet|հ'''ո'''ղմ]]}} hoġm||{{IPA|[hɔʁm]}} || 'storm' ||
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Assamese language|Assamese]] || {{lang|hy|[[Assamese alphabet|কৰ]]}} / kor || [kɔɹ] || 'to do' || May also be transcribed as fully low [ɒ] or "over-rounded" [ɒ̹]
|-
| [[Bavarian language|Bavarian]] || [[Amstetten dialect]]<ref name="tm1982">{{Harvcoltxt|Traunmüller|1982}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt|Ladefoged|Maddieson|1996|p=290}}</ref> || w'''å'''s || {{IPA|[β̞ɔs]}} || 'what' || Contrasts close {{IPAblink|u}}, near-close {{IPAblink|o̝}}, close-mid {{IPAblink|o}} and open-mid {{IPA|[ɔ]}} back rounded vowels in addition to the open central unrounded {{IPAblink|ä}}.<ref name="tm1982"/><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Traunmüller|1981}}</ref> Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA|ɒ}}.
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Khan|2010|p=222}}</ref> || {{lang|bn|[[Bengali alphabet|অর্থ]]}} ortho||{{IPA|[ɔrt̪ʱɔ]}} || 'meaning' || See [[Bengali phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Breton language|Breton]]<ref>Mikael Madeg, Traité de prononciation du breton du Nord-Ouest à l’usage des bretonnants, Emgleo Breiz, Brest, 2010</ref> || r'''o'''ll || [ˈrɔlː]  || 'list' || 
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Ternes|Vladimirova-Buhtz|1999|p=56}}</ref> || {{lang|bg|[[Bulgarian language|р'''о'''д]]}} rod||{{IPA|[rɔt̪]}} || 'kin' || See [[Bulgarian phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Catalan language|Catalan]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Carbonell|Llisterri|1992|p=54}}</ref> || {{lang|ca|[[Catalan orthography|s'''o'''c]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈsɔk]}}|| 'clog' || See [[Catalan phonology]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Chinese language|Chinese]] || [[Cantonese language|Cantonese]] || {{lang|yue|[[Chinese characters|我]]}} ngo<sup>5</sup>||{{IPA|[ŋɔː˩˧]}} || 'I, me, my' || See [[Cantonese phonology]]
|-
|[[Hokkien]] || {{lang|nan|[[Chinese characters|某]]}} bó͘ ||{{IPA|[bɔ⁵²]}} || 'wife' || See [[Hokkien phonology]]
|-
| [[Cipu language|Cipu]] || Tirisino dialect{{sfnp|McGill|2014|pp=308–309}} || {{lang|awc|k'''ø'''d'''ø'''}} || {{IPA|[kɔ̟̀ɗɔ̟́]}} || 'cut down!' || Near-back.{{sfnp|McGill|2014|p=308}}
|-
| [[Danish language|Danish]] || Standard<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Grønnum|1998|p=100}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Basbøll|2005|p=47}}</ref> || {{lang|da|[[Danish orthography|k'''or'''t]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈkʰɔːt]}} || 'map' || Most often transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA|ɒː}}. See [[Danish phonology]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Dutch language|Dutch]] || Standard [[Flemish dialects|Belgian]]<ref name="Verhoeven">{{Harvcoltxt|Verhoeven|2005|p=245}}</ref> || rowspan="2" | {{lang|nl|[[Dutch orthography|'''o'''ch]]}} || rowspan="2" | {{Audio-IPA|Nl-och.ogg|[ʔɔˤx]}} || rowspan="2" | 'alas' || rowspan="2" | 'Very tense, with strong lip-rounding',<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Collins|Mees|2003|p=132}}</ref> strongly [[pharyngealization|pharyngealized]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Collins|Mees|2003|pp=132, 222 and 224}}</ref> (although less so in standard Belgian<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Collins|Mees|2003|p=222}}</ref>) and somewhat fronted.<ref name="Verhoeven"/><ref name="Gussenhoven">{{Harvcoltxt|Gussenhoven|1992|p=47}}</ref> See [[Dutch phonology]]
|-
| Standard Northern<ref name="Gussenhoven"/>
|-
| rowspan="8" | [[English language|English]] || [[Australian English|Australian]]<ref name="hce97"/> || rowspan="4" | ''[[English orthography|n'''o'''t]]'' || rowspan="4" | {{Audio-IPA|En-uk-not.ogg|[nɔt]}} || rowspan="4" | 'not' || See [[Australian English phonology]]
|-
| [[Estuary English|Estuary]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Wells|1982|p=305}}</ref> ||
|-
| [[New Zealand English|New Zealand]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Mannell|Cox|Harrington|2009}}</ref> || May be somewhat fronted.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bauer|Warren|Bardsley|Kennedy|2007|p=98}}</ref> Often transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA|ɒ}}. See [[New Zealand English phonology]]
|-
| [[Received Pronunciation]]<ref name="morgen"/><ref name="wikstroem"/> || {{IPA|/ɒ/}} has shifted up in emerging RP.
|-
| [[General American]]
| rowspan="2" |[[English orthography|''th'''ough'''t'']]
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|[θɔːt]}}
| rowspan="2" |'thought'
| Mainly in speakers without the [[cot–caught merger]]. It may be lower {{IPAblink|ɒ}}. (It is rarely lowered to {{IPA|/ɒ/}} before [[Liquid consonant|liquids]] {{IPA|/l ɹ/}}, and may thus be more familiar to many North Americans in [[R-colored vowel|r-colored]] form, {{IPAslink|ɔ˞}}.)
|-
| [[Scottish English|Scottish]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Scobbie|Gordeeva|Matthews|2006|p=7}}</ref> || Most Scottish dialects exhibit the cot-caught merger, the outcome of which is a vowel of {{IPA|[ɔ]}} quality.
|-
| [[Sheffield]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Stoddart|Upton|Widdowson|page=74}}</ref>|| ''[[English orthography|g'''oa'''t]]'' || {{IPA|[ɡɔːt]}} || 'goat' ||Common realization of the {{Sc2|GOAT}} vowel particularly for males.
|-
| [[Newfoundland English|Newfoundland]]<ref name="wells498">{{Harvcoltxt|Wells|1982|p=498}}</ref> || ''[[English orthography|b'''u'''t]]'' || {{IPA|[bɔt]}} || 'but' || Less commonly unrounded {{IPAblink|ʌ}}.<ref name="wells498"/> See [[English phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2"| [[Faroese language|Faroese]] || {{lang|fo|[[Faroese phonology|l'''á'''lla]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈlɔtla]}} ||'seal flipper' ||See [[Faroese phonology]] 
|-
| [[French language|French]] || Parisian<ref name="fs73">{{Harvcoltxt|Fougeron|Smith|1993|p=73}}</ref> || {{lang|fr|[[French orthography|s'''o'''tte]]}} || {{Audio-IPA|LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-sotte.wav|[sɔt]|help=no}} || 'silly' (f.) || The Parisian realization has been variously described as a back vowel {{IPA|[ɔ]}} centralized to {{IPAblink|ɞ}} before {{IPA|/ʁ/}}<ref name="fs73"/> and central {{IPAblink|ɞ}}.<ref name="cm225">{{Harvcoltxt|Collins|Mees|2013|p=225}}</ref> See [[French phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Galician language|Galician]] || {{lang|gl|[[Galician phonology|h'''o'''me]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈɔmɪ]}} ||'man' ||See [[Galician phonology]] 
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Georgian language|Georgian]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Shosted|Chikovani|2006|pp=261–262}}</ref> || {{lang|ka|[[Georgian alphabet|სწ'''ო'''რი]]}} stsori||{{IPA|[st͡sʼɔɾi]}}|| 'correct'|| 
|-
| [[German language|German]] || [[Standard German|Standard]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Dudenredaktion|Kleiner|Knöbl|2015|p=34}}</ref> || {{lang|de|[[German orthography|v'''o'''ll]]}} || {{Audio-IPA|De-at-voll.ogg|[fɔl]}} || 'full' || See [[Standard German phonology]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] 
| [[Hindi]]|| [[Hindi phonology|कौन]] /k'''au'''n || rowspan="2" | {{IPA|[kɔːn]}} || rowspan="2" | 'who' || rowspan="2" | See [[Hindustani phonology]]
|-
|[[Urdu]]
|[[Urdu phonology|کَون]]/k'''au'''n
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Italian language|Italian]]<ref name="roda119">{{Harvcoltxt|Rogers|d'Arcangeli|2004|p=119}}</ref> || {{lang|it|[[Italian alphabet|par'''o'''la]]}} || {{Audio-IPA|It-parola.ogg|[päˈrɔ̟ːlä]}} || 'word' || Near-back.<ref name="roda119"/> See [[Italian phonology]]
|- 
| colspan="2" | [[Javanese language|Javanese]] || [[Javanese script|''ꦫꦱ'']] ''/ [[Latin script|r'''å'''s'''å''']]'' || {{IPA|[rɔsɔ]}} || taste, feeling ||
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Kaingang language|Kaingang]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Jolkesky|2009|pp=676–677, 682}}</ref> || align="center" | pó
|{{IPA|[ˈpɔ]}}|| 'stone' ||
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Kera language|Kera]]<ref name="pear251">{{Harvcoltxt|Pearce|2011|p=251}}</ref> || colspan="2" align="center" | {{IPA|[dɔ̟̀l]}} || 'hard earth' || Near-back.<ref name="pear251"/>
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Kokborok language|Kokborok]] || {{lang|trp|k'''w'''r'''w'''i}} || {{IPA|[kɔrɔi]}} || 'not' ||
|-
| [[Korean language|Korean]] 
| [[North Korean standard language|North Korean]] || {{lang|ko|[[Choson'gul|조선]]}} / {{lang|ko-Latn|[[McCune–Reischauer|Ch'''o'''s'''ŏ'''n]]}} || {{IPA|[t͡sɔsɔn]}} || '[[North Korea]]'|| Both ㅓ /ʌ/ and ㅗ /o/ in [[South Korean standard language|South Korean]] have merged into [ɔ] in North Korean. See [[Korean phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Limburgish language|Limburgish]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Verhoeven|2007|p=221}}</ref><ref name="peters">{{Harvcoltxt|Peters|2006|pp=118–119}}</ref> || {{lang|li|m'''ò'''n}} || {{IPA|[mɔːn]}} || 'moon' || Lower {{IPAblink|ɒ|ɔ̞ː}} in the [[Maastrichtian dialect]].<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Gussenhoven|Aarts|1999|pp=158–159}}</ref> The example word is from the Hasselt dialect.
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbian]]<ref name="stone">{{Harvcoltxt|Stone|2002|p=600}}</ref> || {{lang|dsb|pš'''o'''sba}} || {{IPA|[ˈpʂɔz̪bä]}} || 'a request' ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Low German language|Low German]] || Most dialects || {{lang|nds|st'''o'''k}} || {{IPA|[stɔk]}}|| 'stick' || May be more open {{IPA|[ɒ]}} in the [[Netherlands]] or more closed {{IPA|[o̞]}} in [[Low Prussian]] dialects.
|-
| Various dialects || {{lang|nds|sl'''aa'''p}} || {{IPA|[slɔːp]}} || 'sleep' || May be as low as {{IPA|[ɒː]}} and as high as {{IPA|[oː]}} in other dialects.
|-
| Southern Eastphalian|| {{lang|nds|br'''â'''d}}<ref>Schambach, Gerog (1858), "Wörterbuch der niederdeutschen Mundart der Fürstenthümer Göttingen und Grubenhagen oder GöttingischGrubenhagen'sches Idiotikon", p. 30.</ref> || {{IPA|[brɔːt]}} || 'bread' || Corresponds to {{IPA|[oː], [ou̯], [ɔu̯], [ɛo̯]}} in other dialects.
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Luxembourgish language|Luxembourgish]]<ref name="gt">{{Harvcoltxt|Gilles|Trouvain|2013|p=70}}</ref> || {{lang|lb|S'''o'''nn}} || {{IPA|[zɔn]}} || 'son' || Possible realization of {{IPA|/o/}}.<ref name="gt"/> See [[Luxembourgish phonology]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Malay language|Malay]]
|Standard
|''sot'''o'''ng''
|{{IPA|[sotɔŋ]}}
|'squid'
|Possible realization of {{IPA|/o/}} and {{IPA|/u/}} in closed final syllables. See [[Malay phonology]]
|-
|[[Negeri Sembilan Malay|Negeri Sembilan]]
| [[Jawi alphabet|''كيت'']] ''/ [[Latin script|kit'''a''']]''
|{{IPA|[kitɔ]}}
|'we' (inclusive)
|See [[Negeri Sembilan Malay]]
|-
|[[Kelantan-Pattani Malay|Kelantan-Pattani]]
| ''[[Jawi alphabet|بياسا]]'' / ''[[Latin script|bias'''a''']]''
|{{IPA|[bɛsɔ]}}
|'normal'
|See [[Kelantan-Pattani Malay|Kelatan-Pattani Malay]]
|-
|rowspan=2 colspan=2| [[Nepali language|Nepali]] || {{lang|ne|[[Devanagari|'''पर''']]}} || {{IPA|[pɔ̜ɾɔ̜]}} || 'far' || Less rounded. Allophone of {{IPA|/ʌ/}} around labial consonants and in isolation.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Darnal|first=Arnav|title= Spoken and sung vowels produced by bilingual Nepali speakers: A brief comparison|journal= Himalayan Linguistics|volume= 23|issue= 1|pages= 5-11|doi= 10.5070/H923161723}}</ref>
|-
|{{lang|ne|[[Devanagari|ला'''मो''']]}} || {{IPA|[lämɔ]}} || 'long' || Uncommon post-nasal allophone of {{IPA|/o/}}, which is commonly raised to {{IPA|[u]}}.<ref>{{citation|last=Pokharel|first=Madhav Prasad|year=1989|title=Experimental analysis of Nepali sound system|type=PhD|publisher=University of Pune, India}}</ref>
|-
| [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] || Some dialects<ref name="pop26">{{Harvcoltxt|Popperwell|2010|p=26}}</ref> || {{lang|no|[[Norwegian alphabet|s'''å''']]}} || {{IPA|[sɔː]}} || 'so' || Present e.g. in [[Telemark]]; realized as mid {{IPAblink|ɔ̝ː}} in other dialects.<ref name="pop26"/> See [[Norwegian phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Occitan language|Occitan]] || {{lang|oc|[[Occitan alphabet|'''ò'''da]]}} || {{IPA|[ɔðɔ]}} || 'ode' || See [[Occitan phonology]]
|-
|colspan="2" | [[Odia language|Odia]] || {{lang|or|[[Odia script|'''ଅ'''ର୍ଥ]]}}|| {{IPA|[ɔɾtʰɔ]}} || 'meaning' ||
|-
|colspan="2" | [[Polish language|Polish]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Jassem|2003|p=105}}</ref> || {{lang|pl|[[Polish orthography|k'''o'''t]]}} || {{Audio-IPA|Pl-kot.ogg|[kɔt̪]}} || 'cat' || See [[Polish phonology]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] || Most dialects<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Cruz-Ferreira|1995|p=91}}</ref><ref>[http://www.pucminas.br/imagedb/mestrado_doutorado/publicacoes/PUA_ARQ_ARQUI20121017151454.pdf Variação inter- e intra-dialetal no português brasileiro: um problema para a teoria fonológica – Seung-Hwa LEE & Marco A. de Oliveira] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215091040/http://www.pucminas.br/imagedb/mestrado_doutorado/publicacoes/PUA_ARQ_ARQUI20121017151454.pdf |date=2014-12-15 }}</ref>|| {{lang|pt|[[Portuguese orthography|f'''o'''foca]]}} || {{IPA|[fɔˈfɔ̞kɐ]}} || 'gossip' || Stressed vowel might be lower. The presence and use of other unstressed ⟨o⟩ allophones, such as {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|o̞}} {{IPAplink|o}} {{IPAplink|ʊ}} {{IPAplink|u}}]}}, varies according to dialect.
|-
| Some speakers<ref>[http://cl.up.pt/arquivo/como/tabela_fenomenos.pdf Lista das marcas dialetais e ouros fenómenos de variação (fonética e fonológica) identificados nas amostras do Arquivo Dialetal do CLUP] {{in lang|pt}}</ref> || {{lang|pt|[[Portuguese orthography|br'''on'''ca]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈbɾɔ̃kə]}} || 'scolding' || Stressed vowel, allophone of nasal vowel {{IPA|/õ̞/}}. See [[Portuguese phonology]]
|-
| [[Russian language|Russian]] || Some speakers<ref name="jw56">{{Harvcoltxt|Jones|Ward|1969|p=56}}</ref> || {{lang|ru|[[Russian orthography|сух'''о'''й]]}} sukhoy||{{IPA|[s̪ʊˈxɔj]}} || 'dry' || More commonly realized as mid {{IPAblink|o̞}}.<ref name="jw56"/> See [[Russian phonology]]
|-
| [[Slovak language|Slovak]] || Standard{{sfnp|Pavlík|2004|pp=94–95}} || {{lang|sk|[[Slovak orthography|'''o'''húriť]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈɔɦu̞ːri̞c]}} || 'to stun' || See [[Slovak phonology]]
|-
| [[Swedish language|Swedish]] || Standard || {{lang|sv|[[Swedish orthography|m'''o'''ll]]}} ||{{IPA|[mɔlː]}} || 'minor scale' || See [[Swedish phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] || {{lang|tl|[[Filipino orthography|'''o'''yayi]]}} || {{IPA|[ʔɔˈjajɪ]}} || 'lullaby' || See [[Tagalog phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Thai language|Thai]] || {{lang|th|[[Thai script|ง'''อ''']]}} [[Royal Thai General System of Transcription|''ng'''o''''']]|| {{IPA|[ŋɔː˧]}}|| 'to bend' ||See [[Thai phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Temne language|Temne]]<ref name="katuc">{{Harvcoltxt|Kanu|Tucker|2010|p=249}}</ref> || {{lang|tem|p'''ɔ'''n}} || {{IPA|[pɔ̟̀n]}} || 'swamp' || Near-back.<ref name="katuc"/>
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]{{sfnp|Danyenko|Vakulenko|1995|p=4}} ||{{lang|uk|[[Ukrainian alphabet|люб'''о'''в]]}} lyubov ||{{IPA|[lʲuˈbɔw]}}|| 'love'|| See [[Ukrainian phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbian]]<ref name="stone"/><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Šewc-Schuster|1984|p=20}}</ref> || {{lang|hsb|p'''o'''s}} || {{IPA|[pɔs̪]}} || 'dog' || See [[Upper Sorbian phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" |[[Welsh language|Welsh]]
| si'''o'''p
|{{IPA|[ʃɔp]}}
|'shop'
|See [[Welsh phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[West Frisian language|West Frisian]]{{sfnp|Tiersma|1999|p=10}} || {{lang|fy|r'''ô'''t}} || {{IPA|[rɔːt]}} || 'rat' || See [[West Frisian phonology]]
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]]<ref name="bam">{{Harvcoltxt|Bamgboṣe|1969|p=166}}</ref> || colspan="3" | {{example needed|date=December 2023}} || Nasalized; may be near-open {{IPAblink|ɒ|ɔ̞̃}} instead.<ref name="bam"/>
|}