Editing Geoffroy's tamarin (section)

== Behavior ==

Like all callitrichids, Geoffroy's tamarin is [[diurnality|diurnal]] and [[arboreal locomotion|arboreal]].<ref name=field/> Unlike some other New World monkeys, it does come down to the ground occasionally.<ref name=ethology>{{Cite book|title=Primate Ethology|author1=Morris, D.  |author2=Bruce, D.|page=237|year=2005|isbn=0-202-30826-X|publisher=Aldine Transaction}}</ref> This is normally done only in special circumstances, such as to acquire certain foods or to get to a tree it cannot otherwise reach.<ref name=smith/> Group size is generally between three and nine monkeys, with three to five being most common.<ref name=colombia>{{Cite book|title=Primates of Colombia|author=Defler, T.|pages=163–169|year=2004|isbn=1-881173-83-6|publisher=Conservation International|location=Bogotá, D.C., Colombia}}</ref> Groups often consist of more than one adult of each sex.<ref name=social>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF02737114|title=A New Interporetation of the Social Organization and Mating System of the Callitrichidae|author1=Sussman, R.W.  |author2=Garber, P.A.|journal=International Journal of Primatology|volume=8|issue=1|year=1987|pages=73&ndash;92|s2cid=12969318 }}</ref> Adults of both sexes migrate between groups.<ref name=social/> Groups show some degree of [[territory (animal)|territorial]] defense.<ref name=reid/> Population densities on [[Barro Colorado Island]] in Panama range between 3.6 and 5.7 monkeys per square kilometer, but in other areas the population density can be as much as 20 to 30 monkeys per square kilometer.<ref name=colombia/> On average, Geoffroy's tamarin ranges 2061 meters per day.<ref name=colombia/> Home range size varies between 9.4 [[hectare]]s and 32 hectares.<ref name=iucn/>

Communication occurs both through vocalization and by visual gestures.<ref name=smith/> Vocalizations that have been recorded include whistles, twitters, trills, loud or soft sharp notes, sneezes and long rasps.<ref name=colombia/> Body postures and displays that reveal more of the white coloration, such as standing on hind legs and [[piloerection]], tend to be associated with aggression.<ref name=smith/> Females often signal willingness to mate by rapidly coiling their tails.<ref name=smith/>

[[File:Lisztaffe - Cottontop Tamarin - Saguinus oedipus.jpg|thumb|right|Geoffroy's tamarin was previously considered a subspecies of the similar [[cottontop tamarin]], shown above.|alt=Monkey facing left, with black face, white on most of the rest of the front, and dark in the rear]]
Unlike [[squirrel]]s, which often move through the canopy by climbing and descending vertical tree trunks, Geoffroy's tamarin generally avoids large vertical supports during travel.  It prefers to move across thin branches, ascending and descending by long leaps.  To the extent Geoffroy's tamarin uses large vertical supports for travel, it uses them most often for ascending rather than descending.<ref name=locomotor>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF02735597|title=Locomotor Behavior and Feeding Ecology of the Panamanian Tamarin (''Saguinus oedipus geoffroyi'', Callitrichidae, Primates)|author=Garber, P.A.|journal=International Journal of Primatology|pages=185&ndash;201|volume=1|issue=2|year=1980|s2cid=26012530 }}</ref>

Geoffroy's tamarin generally avoids [[sympatric]] small and medium size monkey species such as the [[white-headed capuchin]] and the [[Panamanian night monkey]].  Avoidance is spatial with respect to the capuchin, and temporal in the case of the night monkey, since Geoffroy's tamarin is only active during daylight hours and the Panamanian night monkey is only active at night. Geoffroy's tamarin is rarely observed in the vicinity of [[squirrel]]s, although this appears to be the result of the squirrels avoiding interactions with the larger tamarins.  Geoffroy's tamarin generally attempts to escape when [[birds of prey]] approach, regardless of whether the bird presents a true danger.  However, the tamarins ignore one bird of prey, the [[double-toothed kite]], which sometimes follows the tamarins in an apparent effort to feed on small animals disturbed by the tamarins.<ref name=smith/>

The diet of Geoffroy's tamarin is similar to some species of [[tyrant flycatcher]] birds in Panama, and they share similar vocalizations.  The tamarins may use the flycatcher calls to help find favorable food sources.  The flycatchers and tamarins have different patterns of activity, which minimizes competition for similar food sources.  The flycatchers are most active shortly after dawn and tend to rest in the middle of the day.  The tamarins do not become active until about 45 minutes after full daylight, but remain active for most of the remaining daylight hours until an hour or less before sunset.<ref name=smith/>

=== Diet ===
Geoffroy's tamarin has a varied diet that includes fruits, insects, exudates (gums and saps), and green plant parts.<ref name=colombia/> The diet varies seasonally.<ref name=colombia/> A study by [[Paul Garber]] estimated that the diet was made up of 40% insects, 38% fruit, 14% exudates (almost entirely from ''[[Anacardium excelsum]]'' [[cashew]] trees), and 8% other items.<ref name=colombia/><ref name=locomotor/> Another study, on Barro Colorado Island, showed 60% fruit, 30% insects and 10% green plant parts, including large amounts of elephant ear tree (''[[Enterolobium cyclocarpum]]'') sap.<ref name=colombia/> Another study showed a diet about equally split between insects (mostly [[grasshopper]]s) and fruit.<ref name=colombia/> Unlike marmosets, tamarins do not have dentition adapted for gouging trees, so Geoffroy's tamarin eats sap only when it is easily accessible.<ref name="iucn" /><ref name=locomotor/> It generally hunts for insects by making quick movements on thin, flexible supports.<ref name=locomotor/> In contrast, it generally feeds on sap while clinging to large vertical tree trunks.<ref name=locomotor/>

In one study, Geoffroy's tamarin drank water from the [[corolla (flower)|corollas]] of ''[[Ochroma|Ochroma limonesis]]'' flowers.<ref name=colombia/> However, it is believed to also drink from tree holes, similar to other tamarin species.<ref name=colombia/>