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Logotherapy
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==Philosophical basis of logotherapy== Frankl described the meta-clinical implications of logotherapy in his book ''The Will to Meaning: Foundations and Applications of Logotherapy''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Frankl |first=Viktor E. |title=The will to meaning : foundations and applications of logotherapy |date=2014-06-24 |isbn=9781101664025 |edition=Expanded |location=New York, New York |oclc=934802526}}</ref> He believed that there is no psychotherapy apart from the theory of the individual. As an existential psychologist, he inherently disagreed with the "machine model" or "rat model", as it undermines the human quality of humans. As a neurologist and psychiatrist, Frankl developed a unique view of [[determinism]] to coexist with the three basic pillars of logotherapy (the freedom of will). Though Frankl admitted that a person can never be free from every condition, such as, biological, sociological, or psychological determinants; based on his experience during his life in the [[Nazi concentration camps]], he believed that a person is "capable of resisting and braving even the worst conditions". In doing such, a person can detach from situations and themselves, choose an attitude about themselves, and determine their own determinants, thus shaping their own character and becoming responsible for themselves.<ref name="Frankl1988">{{Cite book |last=Frankl, Viktor |url=https://archive.org/details/willtomeaningfou00fran_0 |title=The Will to Meaning: Foundations and Applications of Logotherapy |date=1 September 1988 |publisher=Meridian |isbn=978-0-452-01034-5 |access-date=17 May 2012 |url-access=registration}}</ref>
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