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Udmurts
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==Culture== {{see also|Udmurt cuisine}} [[File:Wotyaks (Udmurts).jpg|thumb|Udmurts wearing traditional outfits, 1870]] [[File:Кузебай Герд.jpg|thumb|100px|The Udmurt poet [[Kuzebay Gerd]] (1898–1937)]] The Udmurt language belongs to the [[Uralic languages|Uralic]] family. The Udmurts have a national epic called ''[[Dorvyzhy]]''. Their national musical instruments include the ''[[krez (instrument)|krez]]'' zither (similar to the Russian ''[[gusli]]'') and a pipe-like [[wind instrument]] called the {{Lang|udm-latn|chipchirghan}}.<ref name="Michka1994">{{cite book|author=Vitaly Michka|title=Inside the New Russia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IMrAQAAMAAJ|access-date=17 June 2012|date=1 October 1994|publisher=SC Publishing|isbn=978-1-885024-17-6}}</ref> A chapter in the French {{Lang|fr|Description de toutes les nations de l'empire de Russie}} from 1776 is devoted to the description of the Wotyak people.<ref name=müller1776>{{cite book|last1=Müller|first1=C. G.|title=Description de toutes les nations de l'empire de Russie | date=1776|location=St. Petersburg|page=65 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/descriptiondetou01geor#page/65/mode/1up| language=fr|chapter=Les Wotyaks}}</ref> [[James George Frazer]] also mentions a rite performed by the people in his book ''[[The Golden Bough]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last=Frazer|first=James George|title=The Golden Bough|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1_guyav82qQC&pg=PA155|year=1913|publisher=Cambridge U. Press|isbn=978-1-108-04738-8|page=155|quote= Annual expulsion of Satan among the Wotyaks of Russia}}</ref> Many Udmurt people have [[red hair]],<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/maps-and-graphics/country-with-the-most-redheads-gingers/ Mapped: Which countries have the most redheads?] - The Telegraph</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29950844 The people with the reddest hair in the world] - BBC News</ref> and a festival to celebrate the red-haired people has been held annually in Izhevsk since 2004.<ref>[http://www.izh.ru/i/info/21088.html Рыжий фестиваль - 2017] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106125815/http://www.izh.ru/i/info/21088.html |date=2020-11-06 }} - Izhevsk city portal</ref> The Udmurts used to be semi-nomadic forest dwellers that lived in riverside communities. However, most Udmurts now live in towns. Although the clan-based social structure of the Udmurts no longer exists, its traces are still strong and it continues to shape modern Udmurt culture.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Human: The Definitive Visual Guide|publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley]]|year=2004|isbn=0-7566-0520-2|editor-last=Winston|editor-first=Robert|location=New York|pages=396}}</ref>
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