Editing Aerobic exercise (section)

=== Versus anaerobic exercise ===
Aerobic exercise and fitness can be contrasted with [[anaerobic exercise]], of which [[strength training]] and [[short-distance running]] are the most salient examples. The two types of exercise differ by the duration and intensity of muscular contractions involved, as well as by how energy is generated within the muscle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anaerobic: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002230.htm |access-date=2022-03-26 |website=medlineplus.gov }}</ref> Common [[kettlebell]] exercises combine aerobic and anaerobic aspects. Allowing 24 hours of recovery between aerobic and strength exercise leads to greater fitness.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Robineau J, Babault N, Piscione J, Lacome M, Bigard AX | title = Specific Training Effects of Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Exercises Depend on Recovery Duration | journal = Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research | volume = 30 | issue = 3 | pages = 672–683 | date = March 2016 | pmid = 25546450 | doi = 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000798 | s2cid = 30607588 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sporer BC, Wenger HA | title = Effects of aerobic exercise on strength performance following various periods of recovery | journal = Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research | volume = 17 | issue = 4 | pages = 638–644 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14636098 | doi = 10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0638:eoaeos>2.0.co;2 | s2cid = 22340684 }}</ref>

New research on the endocrine functions of contracting muscles has shown that both aerobic and anaerobic exercise promote the secretion of [[myokine]]s, with attendant benefits including growth of new tissue, tissue repair, and various anti-inflammatory functions, which in turn reduce the risk of developing various inflammatory diseases.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Patel H, Alkhawam H, Madanieh R, Shah N, Kosmas CE, Vittorio TJ | title = Aerobic ''vs'' anaerobic exercise training effects on the cardiovascular system | journal = World Journal of Cardiology | volume = 9 | issue = 2 | pages = 134–138 | date = February 2017 | pmid = 28289526 | pmc = 5329739 | doi = 10.4330/wjc.v9.i2.134 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Myokine secretion in turn is dependent on the amount of muscle contracted, and the duration and intensity of contraction. As such, both types of exercise produce endocrine benefits.

In almost all conditions, anaerobic exercise is accompanied by aerobic (in the presence of oxygen) exercises because the less efficient anaerobic metabolism must supplement the aerobic system due to energy demands that exceed the aerobic system's capacity. During anaerobic exercise, the body must generate energy through other processes than aerobic metabolism, including [[glycolysis]] paired with [[lactic acid fermentation]], and the [[Creatine|phosphocreatine system]] to generate energy in the form of [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]].