Editing Shilha language (section)

==== Within a clause ====
There are two ways to express possession within a clause. The most common way is to use the "exist with" construction:

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|tlla dars yat txsayt
|she.exists with.him one EA-pumpkin
|"he has a pumpkin"}}

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|ur dari ylli wmya ma nn lssaɣ
|not with.me it.exists EA-anything what thither I.wear
|"I've got nothing to wear"}}

The verb {{Lang|shi-latn|ili}} "exist" (perfective {{Lang|shi-latn|lli/a}}) is usually omitted, leaving a [[verbless clause]]:

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|darnɣ argan ar inkkr ɣ tagant
|with.us EL-argan it.is.growing in EA-forest
|"we have an argan tree growing in the forest"}}

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|is ur dark kra yaḍnin?
|question not with.you something other
|"don't you have something different?"}}

Alternatively, the verb {{Lang|shi-latn|ṭṭf, ṭṭaf}} "hold, possess" can be used:

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|iṭṭaf yan uɣyul immuddu srs
|he.possesses one EA-donkey he.travels with.it
|"he has a donkey which he travels with"}}

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|nkki wr ṭṭifɣ luraqq inu
|I not I.possess papers of.me
|"[as for] me, I haven't got my papers"}}

In addition, there is the verb {{Lang|shi-latn|ili}} "possess" (perfective {{Lang|shi-latn|li/a}}), whose use is restricted to (inalienable) part-whole relationships and kinship relationships:

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|liɣ alln ɛdlnin
|I.possess EL-eyes which.are.good
|"I have good eyes"}}

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|lan sḍis tarwa
|they.possess six EA-children
|"they have six children"}}

In al its usages {{Lang|shi-latn|ili}} can be replaced with {{Lang|shi-latn|ṭṭaf}} or the "exist with" construction, but not the other way around:

{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|azrg ila yan uskti |c1= (or {{Lang|shi-latn|azrg iṭṭaf yan uskti}})
|EL-hand-mill it.possesses one EA-handle
|"a hand-mill has one handle"}}
{{interlinear|lang=shi-latn|number=ex:
|ṭṭafɣ snat tg°mma |c1= (not *{{Lang|shi-latn|liɣ snat tg°mma}})
|I.possess two EA-houses
|"I have two houses"}}