Editing Peace and Freedom Party (section)

== History ==

=== Founding ===
After the [[1967 Century City anti-Vietnam War march]] on June 23, 1967, anti-war and civil rights supporters began collecting petitions for the Peace and Freedom Party. PFP's founders opposed the Democratic Party's support for the war in Vietnam and saw the Democrats as failing to effectively support the civil rights movement.<ref name=Elden1971>{{cite journal|last1=Elden |first1=James |last2=Schweitzer |first2=David |title=New Third Party Radicalism: The Case of the California Peace and Freedom Party |journal=[[Political Research Quarterly|The Western Political Quarterly]] |publisher=Western Political Science Association |date=1971 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=761–74 |doi=10.2307/447112 |jstor=447112 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/447112|url-access=subscription }}</ref>{{rp|761}}<ref name=Phillips2020>{{cite book |last1=Phillips |first1=Joseph |chapter=The Peace and Freedom Party of California |title=Beyond Donkeys and Elephants: Minor Political Parties in Contemporary American Politics |publisher=[[University Press of Kansas]] |date=2020 |doi=10.2307/j.ctv15tt76n |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv15tt76n |isbn=978-0-7006-2929-9 |pages=121–137}}</ref>{{rp|121}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/65011394/10000-in-melee/}}</ref>

On January 2, 1968, PFP organizers submitted 105,100 signatures to receive party status in California.<ref name=Elden1971 />{{rp|761}} PFP has had ballot access in California since 1968, except between 1998 and 2002.<ref name=Phillips2020 />{{rp|128}} In 2003, PFP became the first party in the history of California to regain its ballot status.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fletcher |first1=Ed |title=Anti-War Party is Back on the Ballot |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/65013916/antiwar-party-is-back-on-ballot/ |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 15, 2003}}</ref>

In 1968, PFP suffered a minor split: [[Dick Gregory]] and others split to create the Freedom and Peace Party (FPP), for which Gregory ran in the [[1968 United States presidential election]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Thompson|first=Hunter S.|author-link=Hunter S. Thompson|title=The Great Shark Hunt|series=Gonzo Papers|volume=1|orig-year=1974|year=1979|publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]|location=New York|isbn=0-7432-5045-1|page=20|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VHxgGvF9ugAC&pg=PA20|quote=Hubert Humphrey lost that election by a handful of votes – mine among them – and if I had it to do again I would still vote for Dick Gregory.}}</ref> The FPP collapsed after the 1968 election.

In 1971, progressives nationwide organized the [[People's Party (United States, 1971)|People's Party]]. In 1972 and 1976, PFP endorsed the PP's candidates. After the PP dissolved in 1977, PFP continued in California.<ref name=Peters1997>{{cite journal |title=Peace and Freedom Party from 1967 to 1997 |first1=Casey |last1=Peters |journal=Synthesis/Regeneration |number=12 |date=Winter 1997 |url=http://www.greens.org/s-r/12/12-05.html}}</ref>

In the [[2006 California elections]], two statewide Peace and Freedom Party candidates received more than the required vote, thus ensuring the party's ballot status for another four years ([[Elizabeth Cervantes Barron]] received 212,383 votes, 2.5% of the total, for Controller;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vote.ss.ca.gov/Returns/ctl/00.htm|title=Vote.ss.ca.gov|website=Vote.ss.ca.gov|access-date=October 14, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060629092353/http://vote.ss.ca.gov/Returns/ctl/00.htm|archive-date=June 29, 2006}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2024}} and Tom Condit received 187,618 votes, 2.2% of the total, for Insurance Commissioner).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vote.ss.ca.gov/Returns/ins/00.htm|title=Vote.ss.ca.gov|website=Vote.ss.ca.gov|access-date=October 14, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216021544/http://vote.ss.ca.gov/Returns/ins/00.htm|archive-date=February 16, 2008}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2024}}

[[2018 California elections|California's 2018 gubernatorial primary]] had statewide office candidates registered in the party.  In the [[2018 California Insurance Commissioner election|race for Insurance Commissioner]], Peace and Freedom candidate Nathalie Hrizi received 316,149 votes, 5.0% of the total.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2018-primary/sov/17-summary.pdf |title=Statement of Vote Summary Pages |website=elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov |access-date=11 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529112702/https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2018-primary/sov/17-summary.pdf |archive-date=29 May 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2024}}