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Circumflex
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====Nasality==== * In [[Luxembourgish]] ''m̂ n̂'' can be used to indicate nasalisation of a vowel. Also, the circumflex can be over the vowel to indicate nasalisation. In either case, the circumflex is rare. * In several [[New Caledonian languages|indigenous languages of New Caledonia]], a circumflex indicates [[Nasal vowel|nasality on vowels]]: e.g. the orthography [[Xârâcùù]] contrasts its [[oral vowel]]s ''a'' {{IPAslink|ɑ}}, ''e'' {{IPAslink|ɛ}}, ''i'' {{IPAslink|i}}, ''u'' {{IPAslink|u}} with its [[nasal vowel]]s ''â'' {{IPAslink|ɑ̃}}, ''ê'' {{IPAslink|ɛ̃}}, ''î'' {{IPAslink|ĩ}}, ''ô'' {{IPAslink|ɔ̃}}, ''û'' {{IPAslink|ũ}} – with duplicated variants indicating length (e.g. ''êê'' {{IPAslink|ɛ̃ː}}). Due to typographical shortage of characters, some nasal vowels in Xârâcùù are encoded with an [[Diaeresis (diacritic)|umlaut]]: e.g. ''ä'' {{IPAslink|ʌ̃}}, ''ü'' {{IPAslink|ɨ̃}}).
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