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Luri language
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==Phonology== === Vowels === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! ![[Front vowel|Front]] ![[Back vowel|Back]] |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" |[[Close vowel|Close]] |{{IPA link|iː}} |{{IPA link|uː}} |- |{{IPA link|ɪ}} |{{IPA link|ʊ}} |- align="center" ![[Mid vowel|Mid]] |{{IPA link|ɛ}} |{{IPA link|ɔ}} |- align="center" ![[Open vowel|Open]] | {{IPA link|a}}~{{IPA link|æ}}<sup>1</sup> |{{IPA link|ɑː}} |} # /{{IPA link|a}}/ may also range to a higher /{{IPA link|æ}}/ in the Northern dialect. * Vowels /{{IPA link|ɛ}}, {{IPA link|ɔ}}/ may also be realized as more close [{{IPA link|e}}, {{IPA link|o}}] within diphthongs or before glide sounds. * /{{IPA link|ɛ}}, {{IPA link|ɔ}}/ can also be heard as higher [{{IPA|ɛ̝, ɔ̝}}] in Southern Luri. * /{{IPA link|a}}/ can also be raised as [{{IPA link|ə}}] or [{{IPA link|ɛ}}] before semivowels. === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" | ![[Labial consonant|Labial]] ![[Dental consonant|Dental]]/<br>[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ![[Palato-alveolar consonant|Palato-<br>alveolar]] ![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] ![[Velar consonant|Velar]] ![[Uvular consonant|Uvular]] ![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- ! rowspan="2" |[[Stop consonant|Stop]]/<br>[[Affricate consonant|Affricate]] !<small>voiceless</small> |{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|t}} |{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}} | |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|q}} |{{IPA link|ʔ}}<sup>4</sup> |- !<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small> |{{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|d}} |{{IPA link|d͡ʒ}} | |{{IPA link|ɡ}} |{{IPA link|ɢ}} | |- ! rowspan="2" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]] !<small>voiceless</small> |{{IPA link|f}} |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|ʃ}} | |{{IPA link|x}}<sup>2</sup> |{{IPA link|χ}} |{{IPA link|h}} |- !<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small> |({{IPA link|v}}) |{{IPA link|z}} |{{IPA link|ʒ}} | |{{IPA link|ɣ}}<sup>2</sup> |{{IPA link|ʁ}}<sup>3</sup> | |- ! colspan="2" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] |{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|n}} | |{{IPA link|ɲ}}<sup>1</sup> | | | |- ! colspan="2" |[[Tap and flap consonants|Tap]]/[[Trill consonant|Trill]] | |{{IPA link|ɾ}}<sup>5</sup> | | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]] |{{IPA link|ʋ}} |{{IPA link|l}} | |{{IPA link|j}} |({{IPA link|w}}) | | |} # /{{IPA link|ɲ}}/ occurs in Northern Luri. # Velar fricatives /{{IPA link|x}}, {{IPA link|ɣ}}/ as equivalent to uvular fricatives /{{IPA link|χ}}, {{IPA link|ʁ}}/, occur in Northern Luri. # /{{IPA link|ʁ}}/ occurs in Southern Luri. # /{{IPA link|ʔ}}/ occurs in Northern Luri, as well as in words borrowed from Persian. # /{{IPA link|ɾ}}/ can also be heard as a trill [{{IPA link|r}}] in Southern Luri. * /{{IPA link|h}}/ also occurs as a glide to elongate short vowels (e.g. /oh/; {{IPA|[ɔː]}}). * [{{IPA link|v}}, {{IPA link|w}}] occur as allophones of a labiodental approximant /{{IPA link|ʋ}}/.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Bakhtiari Studies: Phonology, Text, Lexicon|last=Anonby|first=Erik|year=2014|location=Uppsala University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=A Phonology of Southern Luri|last=Anonby|first=Erik|year=2002}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Tales from Luristan|last=Amanolahi; Thackston|first=Sekandar, Wheeler M.|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1987|location=Harvard Iranian Series, 4}}</ref>
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