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Myalgia or muscle pain is a painful sensation evolving from muscle tissue. It is a symptom of many diseases. The most common cause of acute myalgia is the overuse of a muscle or group of muscles; another likely cause is viral infection, especially when there has been no injury.
Long-lasting myalgia can be caused by metabolic myopathy, some nutritional deficiencies, ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, and amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome.
CausesEdit
The most common causes of myalgia are overuse, injury, and strain. Myalgia might also be caused by allergies, diseases, medications, or as a response to a vaccination. Dehydration at times results in muscle pain as well, especially for people involved in extensive physical activities such as workout.
Muscle pain is also a common symptom in a variety of diseases, including infectious diseases, such as influenza, muscle abscesses, Lyme disease, malaria, trichinosis or poliomyelitis;<ref name="medlineplus.gov">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> autoimmune diseases, such as celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome or polymyositis;<ref name="medlineplus.gov"/><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> gastrointestinal diseases, such as non-celiac gluten sensitivity (which can also occur without digestive symptoms) and inflammatory bowel disease (including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
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OveruseEdit
Overuse of a muscle is using it too much, too soon or too often.<ref name="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</ref> One example is repetitive strain injury. See also:
InjuryEdit
The most common causes of myalgia by injury are: sprains and strains.<ref name="MedlinePlus" />
AutoimmuneEdit
- Multiple sclerosis (neurologic pain interpreted as muscular)
- Myositis
- Mixed connective tissue disease
- Lupus erythematosus
- Fibromyalgia syndrome
- Familial Mediterranean fever
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Devic's disease
- Morphea
- Sarcoidosis
Metabolic defectEdit
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency
- Conn's syndrome
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Diabetes
- Hypogonadism
- Postorgasmic illness syndrome<ref name="Balon2005"/><ref name="Wylie2015"/><ref name="GARD"/>
OtherEdit
- Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)
- Channelopathy
- Ehlers Danlos Syndrome
- Stickler Syndrome
- Hypokalemia
- Hypotonia
- Exercise intolerance
- Mastocytosis
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome
- Barcoo Fever
- Herpes
- Hemochromatosis
- Delayed onset muscle soreness
- HIV/AIDS
- Generalized anxiety disorder
- Tumor-induced osteomalacia
- Hypovitaminosis D
- Infarction<ref name="GlueckConrad2013">Template:Cite journal</ref>
Withdrawal syndrome from certain drugsEdit
Sudden cessation of high-dose corticosteroids, opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, caffeine, or alcohol can induce myalgia.Template:Citation needed
TreatmentEdit
When the cause of myalgia is unknown, it should be treated symptomatically. Common treatments include heat, rest, paracetamol, NSAIDs, massage, cryotherapy and muscle relaxants.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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