Foreign relations of Lebanon

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists The foreign policy of Lebanon reflects its geographic location, the composition of its population, and its reliance on commerce and trade. As'ad AbuKhalil argues that foreign intervention has been a mainstay of Lebanon's domestic politics throughout its history as a nation-state, with British, French and American influence predominating from the declaration of independence in 1943 until the 1956 Suez Crisis and 1958 Lebanon crisis. From then until the Lebanese Civil War, the country became an arena for struggle between players in the Cold War, including Egypt, the United States and the Soviet Union. During the Civil War regional powers in the Middle East strove for influence, including Syria, Saudi Arabia and Israel, with Syria gaining the upper hand at the tail end of the war.<ref name=abukhalil>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Until 2005, Lebanon's foreign policy had been heavily influenced by Syria, however beginning with the formation of Hezbollah in 1982, Iran had gradually grown to heavily influence Lebanon.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>United States Institute of Peace Template:Dead link Template:Cbignore Iran and Lebanon, Emile Hokayem,</ref>

The framework for relations was first codified in May 1991, when Lebanon and Syria signed a treaty of mutual cooperation. This treaty came out of the Taif Agreement, which stipulated that "Lebanon is linked to Syria by distinctive ties deriving strength from kinship, history, and common interests." The Lebanese-Syria treaty calls for "coordination and cooperation between the two countries" that would serve the "interests of the two countries within the framework of sovereignty and independence of each." Numerous agreements on political, economic, and security. After Syria's military withdrawal in 2005, Lebanon's foreign policy charted a more independent course.

Diplomatic relationsEdit

List of countries which Lebanon maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Lebanon.svg
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Bilateral relationsEdit

AfricaEdit

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag	18 December 1962	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 December 1962 when has been accredited first Ambassador of Lebanon to Algeria Mr Hussein El Jissr.<ref name=":44">Template:Cite book</ref> Algeria has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Algiers.
Template:Flag	27 June 1962	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 June 1962 when first ambassador of Lebanon to Dahomey presented his credentials to President Hubert Maga.<ref name=":43">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	1962	Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1962 when has been accredited Ambassador of Lebanon to Cameroon with residence in Dakar M. Mohamed Ali Hamade.<ref name=":45">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	1966	Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1966 when has been accredited Ambassador of Lebanon to Central African Republic (resident in Accra) M. Khalil Itani.<ref name=":63" />
Template:Flag	4 October 1961<ref name=":38">Template:Cite book</ref>	Approximately 100,000 people of Lebanese origin reside in Côte d'Ivoire. 21 April 1961 established Embassy of Lebanon in Abidjan Côte d'Ivoire has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Abidjan. See Lebanese people in Ivory Coast
Template:Flag	June 1972	Lebanon has an embassy in Kinshasa. The Democratic Republic of Congo has a consulate in Beirut.
Template:Flag	11 March 1981	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 March 1981 when first Ambassador of Lebanon to Djibouti (resident in Khartoum) Mr. Ibrahim Marouche presented his credentials to President M. Hassan Gouled Aptidon.<ref name=":52">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	30 November 1944	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 November 1944 when was opened Legation of Lebanon in Cairo.<ref name=":7">Template:Cite book</ref> Severed diplomatic relations 26 April 1979, restored 28 June 1989. Egypt has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Cairo and a consulate-general in Alexandria.
Template:Flag	31 July 1949	31 July 1949 was accredited first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia to Lebanon Mr. Fitaorari Tafesse Habte Mikael<ref name=":22">Template:Cite book</ref> Ethiopia has a consulate-general in Beirut.
Template:Flag	1962	Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1962 when Ambassador of Lebanon to Gabon M. Mohamed Ali Hamade presented his credentials to President Leon Mba.<ref name=":61" />
Template:Flag	24 May 1965	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 May 1965<ref name=":48">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	30 March 1959	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 1959.<ref name=":30">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=":31">{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Ghana is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt. Lebanon has an embassy in Accra.
Template:Flag	3 June 1960	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 June 1960 when Lebanese Government appointed its Minister to Liberia to be Minister to Guinea as well.<ref name=":32">Template:Cite book</ref> Guinea is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt. Lebanon has an embassy in Conakry.
Template:Flag	20 October 2020	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	1 January 1951	Both countries established diplomatic relations when Liberian and Lebanese Governments to raise their Consulates General to the status of Legations, and a proclamation was issued announcing that the change would take effect from 1 January 1951.<ref name=":24">Template:Cite book</ref> In 1957 both countries raise their Legations to status of Embassies<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	1955	Lebanon has an embassy in Tripoli. Libya is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Cairo.
Template:Flag	18 October 2017	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	9 October 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 1961 when first Lebanese Ambassador to Mali (resident in Accra) Dr. Karim Azqul presented his credentials to President Modibo Keita.<ref name=":40">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	10 June 1971	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 June 1971<ref name=":49">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag		Lebanon has an embassy in Rabat. Morocco has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	11 March 1962	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 March 1962, when the first Lebanese Ambassador to Niger, Jean Hadji Thomas, presented his credentials to President Hamani Diori<ref name=":41">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	8 January 1961	8 January 1961 Lebanese Consulate in Lagos was raised to level embassy.<ref name=":34">Template:Cite book</ref> Nigeria opened its embassy in Beirut in 1982 Lebanon has an embassy in Abuja. Nigeria has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	21 April 2017	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	22 April 1961	Approximately 30,000 people of Lebanese origin reside in Senegal. On22 April 1961, the Lebanese Consulate General in Dakar was raised to level Embassy<ref name=":35">Template:Cite book</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Dakar. See Lebanese people in Senegal
Template:Flag	27 April 1961	Approximately 30,000 people of Lebanese origin reside in Sierra Leone. 27 April 1961 Lebanese Consulate General in Freetown was raised to status Embassy<ref name=":36">Template:Cite book</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Freetown. See Lebanese people in Sierra Leone
Template:Flag	6 October 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 1961<ref name=":39">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	18 November 1995	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 November 1995<ref name=":53">Template:Cite book</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Pretoria. South Africa is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Damascus, Syria.
Template:Flag		Lebanon has an embassy in Khartoum. Sudan has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	7 June 1962	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 1962 when first Ambassador of Lebanon to Togo (resident in Dakar) Mr. Mohammed Ali Hamade presented his credentials.<ref name=":42">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag		Lebanon has an embassy in Tunis. Tunisia has an embassy in Beirut.

AmericasEdit

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>\|\|See Argentina–Lebanon relations Argentina has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>Embassy of Argentina in Lebanon</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Buenos Aires.<ref>Embassy of Lebanon in Argentina</ref> See also Lebanese Argentines.
Template:Flag	28 May 1949	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 1949 when has been accredited Charge d'Affaires of Lebanon to Bolivia (resident in Bogota) Mr. Nazih Lahoud.<ref name=":20">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=":21">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	13 November 1945	See Brazil–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 November 1945<ref name=":11">{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Brazil has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>Embassy of Brazil in Lebanon</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.<ref>Embassy of Lebanon in Brazil</ref> See also Lebanese Brazilians.
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>\|\| See Canada–Lebanon relations Canada established diplomatic relations with Lebanon in 1954, when Canada deployed "Envoy Extraordinaire" to Beirut. In 1958, Canada sent its first Ambassador. The Embassy was closed in 1985 and reopened in January 1995. Lebanon opened a consulate in Canada in 1946. A Consulate-General replaced the Consulate in 1949, and an embassy was opened in Ottawa in 1958. Canada has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Ottawa and a consulate-general in Montreal.<ref>Embassy of Lebanon in Canada</ref> See also Lebanese Canadians
Template:Flag	28 June 1945	See Chile–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 1945.<ref name=":8">{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":9">Template:Cite book</ref> Chile has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Santiago. See Lebanese Chileans
Template:Flag	29 October 1948	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 October 1948.<ref name=":19">Template:Cite book</ref> Colombia has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Bogotá. See Lebanese Colombians
Template:Flag	29 July 1952	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 July 1952, but was broke off in May 1984, re-established on 24 August 2007
Template:Flag	15 June 1960	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Cuba has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Havana.
Template:Flag	15 September 1948	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1948 when has been accredited Mr. Nazih Lahoud as Minister of Lebanon to Ecuador (Resident in Bogota).<ref name=":18">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	29 July 1952	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 July 1952, but broke off diplomatic relations 10 May 1984, re-established 25 September 2007 El Salvador is accredited to Lebanon from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City. Lebanon is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in Mexico City.
Template:Flag	16 January 1951	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 January 1951 when in official note approval was granted for Mr. Joseph Aboukater to serve as Extraordinary Envoy and Minister Plenipotentiary of Lebanon to the Government of Honduras, with residence in Mexico.<ref name=":25">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	12 June 1945	See Lebanon–Mexico relations Mexico was among the first nations to recognize Lebanon's independence in 1943. Lebanon has an embassy in Mexico City.<ref>Embassy of Lebanon in Mexico City</ref> Mexico has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>Embassy of Mexico in Beirut</ref> The Centro Libanés and "Club Deportivo Libanés" in Mexico City are important symbols representing the historically cultural and social ties between both countries. See also Lebanese Mexicans.
Template:Flag	30 April 1946	Panama has a consulate-general in Beirut.
Template:Flag	12 May 1950	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Asunción. Paraguay has an embassy in Beirut. See Lebanese Paraguayans
Template:Flag	1963	Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963 when has been accredited Ambassador of Lebanon to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in Caracas) M. Halim Shebaya.<ref name=":47">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	16 November 1944	See Lebanon–United States relations The United States' interaction with Lebanon extends back to events such as the 1958 Lebanon crisis, which it sent in troops to fortify the government's position. Lebanon's southern neighbor, Israel, has also sent troops on several occasions, and attacked into Lebanon in response to Hezbollah kidnapping two Israeli soldiers. A possible source of friction between the U.S. and Lebanon is that most of Israel's weaponry is US-made, arguing possible US complicity in Israel's attacks. Lebanon has an embassy in Washington, D.C. and consulates-general in Detroit, Los Angeles and New York City.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> United States has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>Embassy of the United States in Lebanon</ref> See also Lebanese Americans
Template:Flag	25 October 1945	See Lebanon–Uruguay relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 October 1945<ref name=":10">Template:Cite book</ref> Uruguay recognized Lebanon's independence on November 22, 1943. Lebanon has an embassy in Montevideo. Uruguay has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>Embassy of Uruguay in Lebanon</ref> See also Lebanese Uruguayans
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>\|\| Lebanon has an embassy in Caracas. Venezuela has an embassy in Beirut. See Lebanese Venezuelans

AsiaEdit

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag	August 1948	Both countries established diplomatic relations in August 1948 when has been accredited Minister of Afghanistan to Lebanon (Resident in Bagdad) Mr. Ghulam Yahya Tarzi.<ref name=":17">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	4 March 1992	See Armenia–Lebanon relations The Embassy of Armenia to Lebanon was opened in June 1994. The Embassy of Lebanon was opened in Yerevan in September 1997. Lebanon is host to the eighth largest Armenian population in the world. During the 2006 Lebanon War, Armenia announced that it would send humanitarian aid to Lebanon. According to the Armenian government, an unspecified amount of medicines, tents and fire-fighting equipment was allocated to Lebanese authorities on July 27, 2006.<ref>Armenia To Provide Relief To Lebanon, Armenialiberty.org</ref><ref>Armenia Sent Humanitarian Assistance To Lebanon, PanArmenian.Net</ref> On May 11, 2000, the Lebanese parliament voted to recognize the Armenian genocide.<ref>International Affirmation of the Armenian Genocide Template:Webarchive, Armenia Foreign Ministry</ref> Lebanon is the first Arab country and one of the few countries of the world to have done so. Armenia has embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Yerevan.
Template:Flag	18 September 1992	See Azerbaijan–Lebanon relations Azerbaijan has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon is accredited to Azerbaijan through its embassy in Tehran, Iran.
Template:Flag	29 May 1972	Bahrain has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Manama.
Template:Flag	28 March 1973	See Bangladesh–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 March 1973<ref name=":51">Template:Cite book</ref> Bangladesh has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon is accredited to Bangladesh through its embassy in Islamabad, Pakistan.
Template:Flag	9 November 1971	See China–Lebanon relations China and Lebanon established diplomatic relations on November 1, 1954 and the embassy in Taipei opened in 1957. Lebanon shifted recognition from the Taipei-based Republic to the People's Republic on 9 November 1971.<ref name=":50">{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> China has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Beijing. In June 2020, Lebanon was one of 53 countries that backed the Hong Kong national security law at the United Nations.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> China opened the first Confucius Institute in the Middle East in Lebanon in 2006.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Template:Flag	15 September 1948	See India-Lebanon relations India has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in New Delhi.
Template:Flag		See Indonesia–Lebanon relations Indonesia has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Jakarta.
Template:Flag	21 September 1944	See Iran–Lebanon relations and Iranian influence in Lebanon Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 1944.<ref name=":4">Template:Cite book</ref> Iran has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Tehran.
Template:Flag	24 February 1944	See Iraq–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relatiobns on 24 February 1944 when first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Iraq to Lebanon Mr. Tahsin Kadri presented his credentials as first foreign diplomatic representatives, who presented his letters of credentials to President Lebanon Mr.Bechara Khoury.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite book</ref> Lebanon and Iraq share the same language and mutual support for each other in conflicts, Lebanon's relations with Iraq have at most times been cold. Issues include the Lebanese Government's strong material and political assistance of Hezbollah and ongoing clashes in Iraq between the Sunnis and Shias. Iraq has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Baghdad.
Template:Flag		See Israel–Lebanon relations
Template:Flag	November 1954	In 1954 Legation of Japan opened in Lebanon, in 1957 Legation of Lebanon opened in Tokyo. In 1959 both Legations was upgrades to Embassies Japan has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Tokyo.
Template:Flag	1 October 1946	See Jordan–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1946 when has been accredited Minister of Transjordan to Lebanon Mr. Mohamed Ali Ajlouni.<ref name=":14">Template:Cite book</ref> Jordan has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Amman.
Template:Flag	20 April 1993	Kazakhstan has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Astana.
Template:Flag	27 September 1961<ref name=":37">Template:Cite book</ref>	Kuwait has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Kuwait City.
Template:Flag	16 July 1963	See Lebanon–Malaysia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 July 1963<ref name=":46">Template:Cite book</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Malaysia has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	15 September 1948	See Lebanon–Pakistan relations Pakistan does not recognize Israel, which has hostile relations with Lebanon, as a legitimate country.<ref>Messages to Lebanon Pakistan MOFA</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Islamabad. Pakistan has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	17 August 2011	Lebanon and State of Palestine established diplomatic relations on 17 August 2011 when Palestinian diplomatic representation was raised to level an embassy and opened the Embassy of the State of Palestine to the Republic of Lebanon.<ref name=":62" /> Palestine has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	11 April 1972	Lebanon has an embassy in Doha. Qatar has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	9 April 1944	See Lebanon–Saudi Arabia relations Lebanon has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah. Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	12 February 1981	Lebanon has an embassy in Seoul. South Korea has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	15 October 2008<ref name=":54">Template:Cite book</ref>	See Lebanon–Syria relations 15 October 2008 opened Embassies in both countries The relationship between these two neighboring countries in Western Asia is complex: Syria has had troops stationed in Lebanon and has exerted political influence in the nation for many years.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> However, Syria has only officially recognised Lebanon's sovereignty recently.<ref>Ten steps to Syria-Lebanon ties BBC News</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Damascus. Syria has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	8 March 1946	See Lebanon–Turkey relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 March 1946.<ref name=":13">{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate-general in Istanbul. Turkey has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	8 January 1972	See Lebanon–United Arab Emirates relations Lebanon has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai. United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	1953	Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1953 when has been accredited Minister of Yemen Embassy in Lebanon Dr. Adnan Tarcici.<ref name=":28">Template:Cite book</ref>

EuropeEdit

Template:See also Lebanon concluded negotiations on an association agreement with the European Union in late 2001, and both sides initialed the accord in January 2002, the accord becoming known as the EU-Lebanon Association Agreement. The EU-Lebanon Action Plan from January 19, 2007, gave a new impetus to bilateral relations in the framework of the European Neighborhood Policy.

Lebanon is one of the main Mediterranean beneficiaries of community assistance and the EU through its various instruments is Lebanon's leading donor. Starting from 2007 financial support is channeled through the European Neighborhood Policy Instrument. A Lebanon Country Strategy Paper 2007–2013 and a National Indicative Program 2007–2010 have been adopted by the EU. The assistance provided was refocused after the Second Lebanon War to engage in real help for the government and the society in reconstruction and reform of the country.<ref>Republic of Lebanon Template:Webarchive. European Commission: External Relations</ref>

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag	6 December 1951	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 December 1951 when has been accredited Minister of Austria to Lebanon (resident in Cairo) M. Robert Friedinger-Pranter.<ref name=":26">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	25 November 1944	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1944 when established Lebanese Legation (Embassy) in Belgium.<ref name=":6">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	19 September 1966	Since May 1967, Bulgaria has had an embassy in Beirut.<ref>Bulgarian embassy in Beirut</ref> Since July 1983, Lebanon has had an embassy in Sofia.<ref name="sofia.mfa.gov.lb" /> Both countries are full members of the Francophonie and of the Union for the Mediterranean.
Template:Flag		Croatia is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt. Lebanon is accredited to Croatia from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.
Template:Flag		See Cyprus–Lebanon relations Cyprus has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Nicosia.
Template:Flag	6 October 1953	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 1953 when was accredited first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Denmark to Lebanon (resident in Cairo) Mr. G. L. Host<ref name=":27">Template:Cite book</ref> Denmark has an embassy in Beirut.<ref>Libanon Danske kontaktoplysninger</ref> Lebanon is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	21 June 1954	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Finland has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
Template:Flag	25 November 1944	See France–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1944 when has been appointed Mr. Ahmad Daouk as Minister Plenipotentiary of Lebanon to France. And 25 December 1944 has been opened Lebanese Legation (Embassy) in Paris.<ref name=":5">Template:Cite book</ref> In 2007, French President Nicolas Sarkozy ordered ties with Syria to be suspended until proof Damascus was not interfering in the Lebanese political crisis was established.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> A week after Sarkozy's statement in Cairo, Syrian Foreign Minister Walid al Muallem announced Syria was ceasing their ties with France.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> "Syria has decided to cease cooperation with France on the Lebanese crisis" said Mouallem. In July 2008, France and Syria decided to open embassies in each other's countries.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> In April 2009, French and Lebanese officials approved the framework of a security agreement that besides improving bilateral relations include drugs and arms trafficking, illegal immigration and cyber-crime.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> France has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon as an embassy in Paris and a consulate-general in Marseille.
Template:Flag	20 May 1953	See Germany–Lebanon relations Germany has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Berlin.
Template:Flag	17 June 1947	See Greece–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 June 1947, when first Minister of Greece to Lebanon with residence in Cairo M. Georges Triantaphyllidis presented his credentials<ref name=":16">Template:Cite book</ref> The relation between both people dates back to early antiquity, with the early trading activities between the ancient Greeks and the Phoenicians. In modern times, Greek-Lebanese bilateral relations are very good at all levels. Greece has an embassy in Beirut and Lebanon has an embassy in Athens. Both countries are members of the Union for the Mediterranean and the Francophonie. Greece has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Athens.
Template:Flag	17 March 1947	See Holy See–Lebanon relations The Holy See has played a major role in the peace negotiations of Lebanon. It has sought to unify Christian factions that were separated after the Lebanese civil war. At the same time, it sought to reduce Christian-Muslim tensions and to preserve Christian communities that have been declining in many parts of Lebanon and elsewhere in the Middle East. Holy See has a nunciature in Harissa. Lebanon has an embassy in Rome accredited to the Holy See.
Template:Flag	30 November 1965	Hungary opened its embassy in Beirut in 1970. Lebanon opened an embassy in Budapest in 1994.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	12 December 1974	Ireland is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt. Lebanon is accredited to Ireland from its embassy in London, UK.
Template:Flag	20 November 1946	See Italy–Lebanon relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 November 1946 when has been accredited first Charge d'Affaires of Italy to Lebanon Mr. Adolfo Alessandrini.<ref name=":15">{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lebanon opened a legation in 1946, which was transformed into an embassy in 1955.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Both countries signed a Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Navigation in 1949.Template:Citation needed Rome supported the reconstruction of Lebanon after the Taef Agreement.Template:Citation needed Also, Italian companies, from almost all sectors, operate in Lebanon.Template:Citation needed Italy has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Rome.
Template:Flag	9 June 2000	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 June 2000 when accredited first Ambassador of Lebanon to Liechtenstein (resident in Berne) Mr. Samir Hobeica<ref name=":60">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag	12 October 1950	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 October 1950<ref name=":58">Template:Cite book</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in The Hague. Netherlands has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	20 October 1956	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in Warsaw. Poland has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	6 January 1965	See Lebanon–Romania relations Lebanon has an embassy in Bucharest and an honorary consulate in Constanța.<ref name="rom">{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Romania has an embassy in Beirut an honorary consulate in Tripoli.<ref name="rom" /> Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean and of the Francophonie
Template:Flag	3 August 1944	See Lebanon–Russia relations Lebanon has an embassy in Moscow. Russia has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	5 March 1948	See Lebanon–Spain relations Lebanon has an embassy in Madrid. Spain has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag	7 February 1946	Lebanon has an embassy in Stockholm Sweden has an embassy in Beirut
Template:Flag	27 February 1946	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 February 1946
Template:Flag	14 December 1992	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 December 1992 Embassy of Ukraine in Beirut was opened in August 1995<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Embassy of Lebanon was opened in Kyiv until February 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	27 March 1942	Both countries established full diplomatic relations on 27 March 1942, when General Sir Edward Spears of the United Kingdom presented letters of credence to President Naccache of Lebanon<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> Lebanon has an embassy in London. United Kingdom has an embassy in Beirut.

OceaniaEdit

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag	5 February 1967	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> 74,000 Lebanese-born people live in Australia, mainly in Sydney, and there are more people of Lebanese descent including Marie Bashir, Steve Bracks and Hazem El Masri. Australia has a modest trade relationship with Lebanon and has also given foreign aid in the aftermath of the Lebanese civil war of 1975–1990. Australia has an embassy in Beirut. Lebanon has an embassy in Canberra and consulates-general in Melbourne and Sydney. See also Lebanese Australians.
Template:Flag	26 September 2019	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2019
Template:Flag	25 November 1980	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lebanon is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt.