Quart

Template:Short description {{#invoke:other uses|otheruses}} Template:Distinguish Template:Redirect Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use American English Template:Infobox unit

The quart (symbol: qt)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> is a unit of volume equal to a quarter of a gallon. Three kinds of quarts are currently used: the liquid quart and dry quart of the US customary system and the Template:Nowrap of the British imperial system. All are roughly equal to one liter. It is divided into two pints or (in the US) four cups. Historically, the size of a quart has varied with the different values of gallons over time, and in the case of the dry quart, in reference to different commodities.

Name

The term comes from the Latin {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (meaning one-quarter) via the French {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}. However, although the French word {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} has the same root, it frequently means something entirely different. In Canadian French in particular, the quart is called {{#invoke:Lang|lang}},<ref name=mesures /> while the pint is called {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}.<ref name=mesures />

History

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Since gallons of various sizes have historically been in use, the corresponding quarts have also existed with various sizes.

Definitions and equivalencies

Imperial quart

The imperial quart is equal to one-quarter of an imperial gallon of exactly Template:Val, i.e. Template:Val. In the United Kingdom, goods may be sold by the quart if the equivalent metric measure is also given.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

1 imperial quart	≡	Template:Sfrac	imperial gallon
	≡	2	imperial pints
	≡	8	imperial gills
	≡	40	imperial fluid ounces
	≡	Template:Val	liters<ref name=UK-LEG>Template:UK-LEG</ref>Template:Efn
	≈	69.35486	cubic inches
	≈	Template:Val	US gallons
	≈	1.20095	US liquid quarts
	≈	2.4019	US liquid pints
	≈	9.6076	US gills
	≈	38.4304	US fluid ounces
	≈	Template:Val	US dry quarts
	≈	Template:Val	US dry pints

In Canadian French, by federal law, the imperial quart is called {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=mesures>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

US liquid quart

In the United States, traditional length and volume measures have been legally standardized for commerce by the international yard and pound agreement of 1959, using the definition of 1 yard being 0.9144 meters: from this definition the metric equivalents for inches, feet, miles, area measures, and measures of volume are determined. The US liquid quart is equal to one-quarter of a gallon of exactly 231 cubic inches, i.e. 57.75 cubic inches or Template:Val.<ref name="15USC205">"Authorized tables" Template:Webarchive, United States Code, Title 15, ch. 6, subchapter I, sec. 205, accessed 19 July 2008.</ref><ref name=NIST />

1 US liquid quart	≡	Template:Sfrac	US gallon
	≡	2	US liquid pints
	≡	4	US cups
	≡	8	US gills
	≡	32	US fluid ounces
	≡	Template:Val	liters<ref name=NIST>Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) Template:Webarchive—US government publication</ref><ref name=l&in>This has been the exact conversion since the 1964 redefinition of the liter and the 1959 redefinition of the inch.</ref>
	≡	57.75	cubic inches<ref>One US gallon is defined as exactly 231 cubic inches.</ref>
	≈	Template:Val	imperial gallons
	≈	Template:Val	imperial quarts
	≈	Template:Val	imperial pints
	≈	Template:Val	imperial gills
	≈	Template:Val	imperial fluid ounces
	≡	Template:Sfrac	US dry quart
	≡	1Template:Sfrac	US dry pints

US dry quart

In the United States, the dry quart is equal to Template:Sfrac of a US bushel of exactly 2150.42 cubic inches, i.e. 67.200625 cubic inches or Template:Val.

1 US dry quart	≡	Template:Sfrac	US bushel
	≡	Template:Sfrac	US peck
	≡	2	US dry pints
	≡	Template:Val	liters<ref name="NIST"/><ref name="l&in"/>
	≡	Template:Val	cubic inches
	≡	Template:Sfrac	US gallon
	≡	1Template:Sfrac	US liquid quarts
	≡	2Template:Sfrac	US liquid pints
	≡	9Template:Sfrac	US gills
	≡	37Template:Sfrac	US fluid ounces
	≈	Template:Val	imperial gallons
	≈	Template:Val	imperial quarts
	≈	Template:Val	imperial pints
	≈	Template:Val	imperial gills
	≈	Template:Val	imperial fluid ounces

Winchester quart

The Winchester quart is an obsolescent measure:<ref>Trading Standards – Weights and Measures of the City of Winchester Template:Webarchive</ref> it was originally equal to two imperial quarts (half of an imperial gallon) or exactly Template:Val, but was later metricated to Template:Val (2.2 imperial quarts). Despite its name, it is unrelated to the Winchester measure.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The 2.5Template:NbspL bottles in which laboratory chemicals are supplied are sometimes referred to as Winchester quart bottles, although these contain 10% more than a traditional Winchester quart.

Reputed quart

The reputed quart was a measure equal to two-thirds of an imperial quart (one-sixth of an imperial gallon), or exactly 0.757681Template:Overline liters, which is only 0.08% larger than one US fifth (exactly 0.7570823568 liters).

The reputed quart was previously recognized as a standard size of wine bottle in the United Kingdom, and is only about 1% larger than the current standard wine bottle of 0.75Template:NbspL.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

External links

• Template:Wiktionary-inline
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