Incubator escapee wiki

Dave Cockrum

Article Discussion
Revision as of 09:41, 6 April 2025 by 2a02:214a:8204:6500:60e3:33bf:6fd1:21ab (talk) (→‎Marvel Comics)
(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox comics creator David Emmett Cockrum (Template:IPAc-en; November 11, 1943 – November 26, 2006)<ref>David Emmett Cockrum at the Social Security Death Index via FamilySearch. Retrieved on June 22, 2013.</ref> was an American comics artist known for his co-creation of the new X-Men characters Nightcrawler, Storm, Colossus, and Mystique, as well as the antiheroine Black Cat. Cockrum was a prolific and inventive costume designer who updated the uniforms of the Legion of Super-Heroes and the X-Men in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Early lifeEdit

Cockrum was born on November 11, 1943, in Pendleton, Oregon. His father was a lieutenant colonel of the United States Air Force, resulting in the Cockrums frequently transporting their household from one city to another for years. Cockrum discovered comic books at a young age; an early favorite was Fawcett's Captain Marvel, especially Mac Raboy's Captain Marvel Jr.<ref name="CBA">Template:Cite journal</ref> Other artists whose work the young Cockrum admired were Wally Wood, Gil Kane, Murphy Anderson, and Joe Kubert.<ref name="CBA" />

As a young man, Cockrum was a dedicated "letterhack," who had many letters printed in comic book letter columns<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> such as Fantastic Four #22 (Jan. 1964), The Amazing Spider-Man #12 (May 1964), The Atom #1 (June 1962), and Fantastic Four #36 (March 1965) (return address "YN 'A' School, USNTC"). A letter from Cockrum in Fantastic Four #34 (Jan. 1965) led to a correspondence with Andrea Kline, who later became his first wife.<ref name="CBA"/><ref name=WashPost>Template:Cite news</ref>

Cockrum's ambition was to become a comic-book creator himself. After attending but not graduating from Southern Illinois University,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Cockrum joined the United States Navy for six years.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> During this time, he created the character Nightcrawler, though the character would not be used until years later.<ref name="TyphoonDave">Template:Cite news</ref>

CareerEdit

Despite serving during the Vietnam War, Cockrum found time to contribute artwork to comics fanzines such as Star-Studded Comics and Fantastic Fanzine.<ref name="ComicsReporter" />

After leaving the military, Cockrum found employment with Warren Publishing,<ref name="TyphoonDave"/> as well as with Neal Adams' Continuity Associates as a member of the "Crusty Bunkers".<ref name=bails>Theakston, Greg and Nowlan, Kevin, et al., at Template:Cite book</ref>

He was then hired as an assistant inker to Murphy Anderson,<ref name="CBA" /> who was inking various titles featuring Superman and Superboy for DC Comics. At the time, Superboy featured a "Legion of Super-Heroes" backup strip. When the position of artist for "The Legion of Super-Heroes" was left vacant, Cockrum sought the job and was rewarded with his first assignment drawing a feature.<ref name="GCD">Template:Gcdb</ref> Cockrum's work on the feature, beginning with a backup story in Superboy #184 (April 1972) and recurring in several following issues "established an exciting new vibe".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He remained the artist on the Superboy series after the Legion of Super-Heroes became the main feature of the book with #197 and his art redefined the look of the Legion, creating new costumes and designs that would last until artist Keith Giffen did a similar revamp in the 1980s. Cockrum is credited with creating team member Wildfire. Cockrum drew the story wherein the characters Bouncing Boy and Duo Damsel were married in Superboy Starring the Legion of Super-Heroes #200 (Feb. 1974).<ref>McAvennie "1970s" in Dolan, p. 159: "Bouncing Boy and Duo Damsel became the first Legionnaires to tie the knot. The wedding planners were writer Cary Bates and artist Dave Cockrum."</ref> Cockrum eventually left DC and the Legion in a dispute involving the return of his original artwork from that issue.<ref name="CBA" /><ref name="ComicsReporter">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Prior to his departure, Cockrum had been preparing to be the regular artist on an ongoing Captain Marvel Jr. back-up strip in the Shazam! series for DC.<ref name="CBA" />

Marvel and the X-MenEdit

Moving over to a staff position at Marvel, Cockrum and Len Wein under the direction of editor Roy Thomas created the new X-Men, co-creating such characters as Storm, Nightcrawler, and Colossus. Storm and Nightcrawler were directly based on characters which Cockrum had intended to introduce into the Legion of Super-Heroes storyline had he remained on the title.<ref name="Larsen">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> These characters made their debut in Giant-Size X-Men #1 ([July] 1975),<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> and then in a relaunched Uncanny X-Men (beginning with issue #94).<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 170: "The 'new' X-Men team...moved into this thirty-two-page bimonthly comic."</ref>

Cockrum stayed with the title until 1977 (as main penciler on issues #94–105 and 107), when he was succeeded by penciler John Byrne with issue #108.<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 181: "When 'new' X-Men co-creator Dave Cockrum left the series, John Byrne took over as penciler and co-plotter. In his first issue, Byrne and writer Chris Claremont wound up the Shi'ar story arc."</ref> The final issue of his original, regular run introduced the Starjammers, a spacefaring superhero team he had originally intended to debut in their own series.<ref name="TyphoonDave"/> Issue #110, which Cockrum co-pencilled with Tony DeZuniga, was an inventory issue.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> He continued to contribute covers for the series until Uncanny X-Men #126.<ref name="GCD" />

As journalist Tom Spurgeon wrote about Cockrum's X-Men, Template:Quote

In 1979, Dave Cockrum designed Black Cat for writer Marv Wolfman.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Cockrum quit his staff job at Marvel in 1979 and his angry resignation letter was printed without his permission in Iron Man #127 (October 1979)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but he continued to work for Marvel as a freelancer. Cockrum was Marvel's primary cover artist during this period,<ref name="Larsen" /> and also penciled or inked a number of other titles for DC during this time. Although not a regular artist on the series, he re-designed the costume for Ms. Marvel.<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 186: "Ms. Marvel's...series was in the hands of Chris Claremont... and Dave Cockrum, a master of imaginative costume design. In this issue [#20], Claremont and Cockrum unveiled the latter's new stylish black costume for Ms. Marvel."</ref> When John Byrne left the X-Men in 1981, Cockrum returned to the title with issue #145 but left again with issue #164 (Dec. 1982) to work on The Futurians.<ref name="CBA" />

He returned to the X-Universe in 1985 with a four-part Nightcrawler limited series that he wrote as well, a two-part Starjammers limited series in 1990 and an X-Men short story for Marvel Holiday Special #1 in 1991. Two unpublished fill-in issues that Cockrum pencilled in the early 1990s for X-Men and New Mutants respectively were released together posthumously as the one-shot X-Men: Odd Men Out in 2008.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The FuturiansEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} In 1983, Cockrum produced The Futurians, first as a graphic novel (Marvel Graphic Novel #9), and then as an ongoing series published by Lodestone Comics.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Though it did not last past issue #3, a collected edition was published by Eternity Comics in 1987 that included the "missing" issue #4. In 1995, Aardwolf Publishing printed the "missing" issue as Futurians #0, with a new five-page story by Cockrum and author Clifford Meth.<ref>Cockrum, Dave. The Futurians #0, Aardwolf (Aug. 1995).</ref>

Claypool ComicsEdit

In 1993, Cockrum was recruited by Claypool Comics to produce work for them, resulting in several stories for Claypool's Elvira, Mistress of the Dark series beginning with #7. Cockrum was put into rotation on Peter David's Soulsearchers and Company, beginning with issue #13, becoming the series' penciler with #17 and penciling most issues through #44, published in 2000. Cockrum contributed a short feature to Richard Howell's Deadbeats #18.<ref name="GCD" />

Personal life, illness, and deathEdit

While serving in the Navy in the late 1960s, Cockrum married Andrea Kline<ref name="NYTimes">Template:Cite news</ref> and had a child with her, Ivan Sean.<ref name="NYTimes"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Dave and Paty Greer Cockrum were married on April 28, 1978.<ref>"Bullpen Bulletins," Marvel Comics cover-dated November 1978.</ref>

In later years, Cockrum worked less frequently in comics. In 2004, he became seriously ill due to complications from diabetes and pneumonia,<ref name=tcj260>Template:Cite news</ref> and a number of fellow artists and writers led by Clifford Meth and Neal Adams organized a fundraising project. The auction, run by Heritage Auctions at the WizardWorld Chicago show in August, raised over $25,000.<ref name="ComicsReporter"/> Marvel eventually provided an undisclosed amount of financial support in exchange for Cockrum agreeing to terms protected by a nondisclosure agreement. Cockrum said publicly he was "very happy that so many people cared about my work and about me. ... I'm enormously grateful to Clifford Meth and Neal Adams for having moved this forward. ... I'm very happy with what everyone has done, including Marvel."<ref name=tcj260 />

Cockrum was due to draw an eight-page story in Giant Size X-Men #3 (2005), but a recurrence of his health problems prevented this. Adams filled in.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Cockrum died at his home in Belton, South Carolina,<ref name="NYTimes" /> on the morning of November 26, 2006, due to complications from diabetes. He was survived by his longtime wife, Paty Cockrum, and by his son and two stepchildren.<ref name="ComicsReporter" />

LegacyEdit

The Joe Kubert School of Cartoon and Graphic Art bestowed the first annual Dave & Paty Cockrum Scholarship to a promising artist in 2008. The scholarship, which was organized by Meth, continues each year and is funded by sales of comics from Cockrum's personal collection.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the novelization of X-Men: The Last Stand, written by Cockrum's longtime associate Chris Claremont (published in 2006), the President is named "David Cockrum". Claremont also created a character in homage to Cockrum in New Exiles who eventually "moved on" at the end of X-Men: Die by the Sword (2007), which ended with a full-page tribute to Cockrum.<ref>Template:Gcdb issue</ref>

AwardsEdit

Cockrum's work on the X-Men earned the creative team an Eagle Award for Favourite (Colour) Comic in 1977.<ref>Marvel Bullpen Bulletins," Marvel Team-Up #69 (May 1978).</ref> Cockrum received an individual Inkpot Award in 1982.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

BibliographyEdit

Comics work (interior pencil art unless noted) includes:

Aardwolf PublishingEdit

  • Aardwolf #1–2 (1995)
  • Futurians #0 (also writer) (1995)
  • Heroes and Villains: The William Messner-Loebs Benefit Sketchbook (2005)
  • The Three Tenors: Off Key (2005)
  • The Uncanny Dave Cockrum... A Tribute (2004)

Broadway ComicsEdit

Claypool ComicsEdit

  • Elvira, Mistress of the Dark #7, 27–29, 39–43, 45–48 (1993–1997)
  • Deadbeats #18 (1996)
  • Soulsearchers and Company #13, 15, 17–22, 26, 28, 32–35, 37–38, 40, 42–44 (1995–2000)

DC ComicsEdit

Template:Div col

Template:Div col end

Defiant ComicsEdit

Deluxe ComicsEdit

Harris ComicsEdit

Lodestone ComicsEdit

Malibu ComicsEdit

Marvel ComicsEdit

Template:Div col

Marvel UKEdit

Template:Div col end

Valiant ComicsEdit

Warren PublishingEdit

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

Template:Sister project

Template:S-start Template:Succession box Template:Succession box Template:Succession box Template:S-end Template:Inkpot Award 1980s

Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "https://zalansite.site/mediawiki/index.php?title=Dave_Cockrum&oldid=373241"