Template:Short description Template:Use Australian English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox organisation
The Australian Academy of Science was founded in 1954 by a group of distinguished Australians, including Australian Fellows of the Royal Society of London.<ref name="aaschtr">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The first president was Sir Mark Oliphant. The academy is modelled after the Royal Society and operates under a Royal charter;<ref name="aaschtr"/> as such, it is an independent body, but it has government endorsement. The Academy Secretariat is in Canberra, at the Shine Dome.
The objectives of the academy are to promote science and science education through a wide range of activities. It has defined four major program areas:
- Recognition of outstanding contributions to science
- Education and public awareness
- Science policy
- International relations
The academy also runs the 22 National Committees for Science which provide a forum to discuss issues relevant to all the scientific disciplines in Australia.
OriginsEdit
The Australian National Research Council (ANRC) was established in 1919 for the purpose of representing Australia on the International Research Council. The Council ceased to exist in 1954, replaced by the Australian Academy of Science.<ref>Australian National Research Council (1919–1954) Template:Webarchive, Encyclopedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info</ref>
The Shine DomeEdit
The Shine Dome (previously known as Becker House) is a well-known Canberra landmark, notable for its unusual structure, and colloquially referred to as "The Martian Embassy", an allusion to its shape and the fact that as the capital of Australia, Canberra is the home of foreign embassies.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It was designed by architect Sir Roy Grounds, of Grounds, Romberg and Boyd. When completed in 1959 its 45.75-metre-diameter dome was the largest in Australia.
On 1 December 1956, the academy's building design committee met in Adelaide to look over plans submitted by six architects. The plan accepted involved a 710-tonne reinforced concrete dome, which had to be supported by 16 thin supports. The concrete is approximately 60 cm thick at the base supports, and 10 cm at the top. The dome supports itself, with no internal wall holding it up. It cost £200,000 to build. The foundation stone, laid on 2 May 1958 by Prime Minister of Australia, Robert Menzies, was originally part of the pier of the Great Melbourne Telescope constructed in 1869 under the supervision of the Royal Society and transferred to Mount Stromlo Observatory in the 1940s.
The building was named Becker House, for benefactor and Fellow of the Academy Sir Jack Ellerton Becker, in 1962. In 2000, it was renamed in honour of Fellow John Shine, who donated one million dollars to renovate the dome.
The interior contains three floors: on the ground level, the main auditorium, the Ian Wark Theatre, seats 156 people, the Jaeger Room for functions and meetings, the Becker Council Meeting Room and offices; the upper level includes a gallery to the theatre and the Adolf Basser Library; and the basement houses storage for historical records of science in Australia.
In 2016, the dome appeared in the television documentary series about Australian modernist architecture Streets of Your Town presented by Tim Ross.
On 20 January 2020 the Dome was seriously damaged by a hailstorm with smashed skylights and denting of the copper roof surface.<ref name="abc-2020-hail-research-lost">Template:Cite news</ref>
EducationEdit
Science education is a main commitment of Australian Academy of Science. Current activities include following projects:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Primary Connections
- Science by Doing
- Nova: science for curious minds
- reSolve: Mathematics by Inquiry
- Science booklets
- Brain Box
FellowsEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The Fellowship of the Australian Academy of Science is made up of around 500 leading Australian scientists. Scientists judged by their peers to have made an exceptional contribution to knowledge in their field may be elected to Fellowship of the academy. Twenty new Fellows may be elected every year.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
No more than two Fellows may be elected every three years on the basis of distinguished contributions to science by means other than personal research. A small number of distinguished foreign scientists with substantial connections to Australian science are elected as Corresponding Members.
Fellows are denoted by the letters FAA (Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science) after their name.
Foundation FellowsEdit
When the academy was founded in 1954 there were 24 members, known as the Foundation Fellows:
| Name | Field |
|---|---|
| Keith Edward Bullen | Mathematics and geophysics |
| Frank Macfarlane Burnet | Virology and immunology (Nobel laureate) |
| David Guthrie Catcheside | Genetics |
| Thomas MacFarland Cherry | Mathematics |
| Ian Clunies Ross | Parasitology and science administration |
| Edmund Alfred Cornish | Statistics |
| John Eccles | Neuroscience (Nobel laureate) |
| Edwin Sherbon Hills | Geology |
| Leonard Huxley | Physics |
| Raymond James Wood Le Fèvre | Chemistry |
| Max Rudolf Lemberg | Biochemistry |
| Hedley Ralph Marston | Biochemistry |
| Leslie Martin | Physics |
| David Forbes Martyn | Physics |
| Douglas Mawson | Geology |
| Alexander John Nicholson | Entomology |
| Mark Oliphant | Physics |
| Joseph Lade Pawsey | Radiophysics and astronomy |
| James Arthur Prescott | Agricultural science |
| David Rivett | Chemistry |
| Thomas Gerald Room | Mathematics |
| Sydney Sunderland | Neuroscience |
| Oscar Werner Tiegs | Zoology |
| Richard van der Riet Woolley | Astronomy |
PresidentsEdit
Source:<ref name=AASPres>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Sir Mark Oliphant (1954–1957)
- Sir John Eccles (1957–1961)
- Sir Thomas Cherry (1961–1964)
- Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet (1965–69)
- Dr David Martyn (1969–1970)
- Professor Dorothy Hill (1970)
- Sir Rutherford Robertson (1970–1974)
- Sir Geoffrey Badger (1974–1978)
- Dr Lloyd Evans (1978–1982)
- Professor Arthur Birch (1982–1986)
- Professor David Curtis (1986–1990)
- Professor David Craig (1990–1994)
- Sir Gustav Nossal (1994–1998)
- Professor Brian Anderson (1998–2002)
- Dr Jim Peacock (2002–2006)
- Professor Kurt Lambeck (2006–2010)
- Professor Suzanne Cory (2010–2014)
- Professor Andrew Holmes (2014–2018)
- Professor John Shine (2018–2022)
- Professor Chennupati Jagadish (2022–)
AwardsEdit
Early career awards:<ref>Early-career awards Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Anton Hales Medal to recognise distinguished research in the Earth sciences;<ref>Anton Hales Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Dorothy Hill Medal to recognise research in the Earth sciences by female researchers;<ref>Dorothy Hill Award Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Fenner Medal, to recognise distinguished research in biology;<ref>Fenner Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Gottschalk Medal, to recognise outstanding research in the medical sciences;<ref>Gottschalk Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- John Booker Medal, to recognise outstanding research in the sciences that underpin engineering;<ref>John Booker Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Le Fèvre Medal, to recognise outstanding basic research in chemistry;<ref>Le Fèvre Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Pawsey Medal, to recognise outstanding research in physics;<ref>Pawsey Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Ruth Stephens Gani Medal,<ref>Ruth Stephens Gani biography Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref> to recognise distinguished research in human genetics, including clinical, molecular, population and epidemiological genetics and cytogenetics.<ref>Ruth Stephens Gani Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Moran Medal to recognise outstanding research in one or more of the fields of applied probability, biometrics, mathematical genetics, psychometrics and statistics (awarded every two years).<ref>Moran Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
Mid career awards:<ref>Mid-career awards Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Gustav Nossal Medal, to health researchers;<ref>Gustav Nossal Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Jacques Miller Medal, to experimental biomedicine researchers;<ref>Jacques Miller Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Nancy Millis Medal for Women in Science.<ref>Nancy Millis Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
Career awards recognising lifelong achievement:<ref>Career awards Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- David Craig Medal and Lecture, for researchers in chemistry;<ref>David Craig Medal and Lecture Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Haddon King Medal, for researchers in earth science;<ref>Haddon Forrester King Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Hannan Medal, for researchers in mathematics;<ref>Hannan Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Ian Wark Medal and Lecture;<ref>Ian Wark Medal and Lecture Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Jaeger Medal, for researchers in earth science;<ref>Jaeger Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Thomas Ranken Lyle Medal, for researchers in mathematics or physics;<ref>Thomas Ranken Lyle Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Macfarlane Burnet Medal and Lecture, for research in the biological sciences;<ref>Macfarlane Burnet Medal and Lecture Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Matthew Flinders Medal and Lecture, for researchers in physical science;<ref>Matthew Flinders Medal and Lecture Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Mawson Lecture and Medal, for researchers in earth science;<ref>Mawson Medal and Lecture Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Ruby Payne-Scott Medal and Lecture, for women in science;<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Suzanne Cory Medal, for research in the biological sciences.<ref name=":0" />
Other awards include:
- Academy Medal for outstanding contributions to science by means other than through scientific research;<ref>Academy Medal Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Lloyd Rees Lecture, for lectures in chemical physics;<ref>Lloyd Rees Lectures Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
- Selby Fellowship awarded to distinguished overseas scientists to visit Australia for public lecture/seminar tours.<ref>Selby Fellowship Template:Webarchive, www.science.org.au</ref>
Other learned AcademiesEdit
There are three other learned Academies in Australia, those of Humanities (Australian Academy of the Humanities), Social Science (Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia) and Technological Sciences and Engineering (Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering). The four Academies cooperate through the Australian Council of Learned Academies, formed in 2010.
ArmsEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- Australian Academy of Science
- Australian Academy of Science BuildingTemplate:Dead link
- Taxonomy Australia, a branch of the Australian Academy of Science
Template:Australian Academy of Science Template:International Science Council Template:Authority control Template:Coord