1990 Commonwealth Games

Template:Short description Template:More citations needed Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox games The 1990 Commonwealth Games (Template:Langx) were held in Auckland, New Zealand from 24 January – 3 February 1990. It was the 14th Commonwealth Games, and part of New Zealand's 1990 sesquicentennial celebrations. Participants competed in ten sports: athletics, aquatics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, judo, lawn bowls, shooting and weightlifting. Netball<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the Triathlon were demonstration events.

The main venue was the Mount Smart Stadium.

Host selection

The event was awarded to Auckland on 27 July 1984 at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Perth, Australia, had withdrawn from the bid contest leaving New Delhi, India, as the sole opponent to Auckland's bid. New Delhi lost the hosting rights to Auckland by a margin of 1 vote, which made it the closest host selection vote in the history of Commonwealth Games

1990 Commonwealth Games bidding results

City	Round 1
Template:Flagicon Auckland	20
Template:Flagicon New Delhi	19

Opening ceremony

The opening of the games comprised a variety of events, including the arrival of The Queen's representative Prince Edward (her youngest son), the arrival of the Queen's Baton, and many Māori ceremonial stories. The Queens Baton was carried across the Auckland Harbour by the vessel "Ceduna".

File:Baton, ceremonial (AM 2015.29.37-2).jpg

Queen's Baton's from the 1990 Commonwealth Games.

The opening ceremony itself started off with the Auckland Commonwealth Games Choir singing the Song of Welcome. Upon the arrival of Prince Edward, the Māori in attendance, gave him a Challenge of a welcome. This is conducted by a Māori placing a wooden baton on the ground. To see if the visitor comes in peace or not, the visitor must pick it up.

The New Zealand national anthem "God Defend New Zealand" was sung during a ceremonial fourteen gun salute from nearby One Tree Hill. This was followed by the New Zealand Army Guard Commander allowing Prince Edward to inspect the guard of honour. After which was the introduction of the participating countries of the Commonwealth, Scotland entering first as the hosts of the previous games, and New Zealand entering last as hosts. During the introduction of the countries, the choir would display the flag of the announced country with boards.

When all the athletes finally sat down, the cultural segment ceremonies began.The first act was the Māori women performing a "Song of Welcome" for the athletes with the use of Poi. The Māori women then gave some of the athletes a Hongi. Next was the Māori story of how New Zealand was formed according to legend; it a narration of how the Polynesians found their way to what was to become New Zealand, and how New Zealand was formed between Rangi and Papa, the sky father and earth mother. The story then moved on to the coming of religion and European migration. This was demonstrated with a formation of the Union Jack, to show the colonisation by the British. Dame Whina Cooper then made a speech about the Treaty of Waitangi signed in 1840 that brought about peace and stability of modern New Zealand.

Introduction of the European communities was next with music and native dancing from European countries such as Italy, Poland, Greece, Netherlands, Scotland, Ireland, Austria, Wales and England, and music and native dancing also from Asian countries such as China, Sri Lanka and India. From here, many of the neighbouring Pacific Islanders made their entrance with the rhythmic tempo of the Pacific Island drum beat.This was to show the then complete migration of people to New Zealand.

Sir Howard Morrison then lead New Zealand in singing the folk song Tukua-a-hau. After Morrison, the Queen's Baton arrived at the stadium where Prince Edward announced the opening of the games which was followed by the Athletes Pledge.

Fireworks followed and was capped off with a night time flyover by nine A-4 Skyhawk jets of the Royal New Zealand Air Forces 75 Squadron. The ceremony was concluded by the singing of the game's motto "This is the moment" as performers and athletes exited the stadium.

Closing ceremony

A more relaxed affair was held for the 14th Commonwealth Games closing ceremony. Attended by HM The Queen of New Zealand, formality and respect played their due part in the beginning with protocolar segment with the handover to the Commonwealth Games flag to the next host city, Victoria, Canada. This was followed by a First Nations and modern Canadian dancing display.

Next, thousands of children entered the stadium with a mass skipping rope demonstration, followed by the athletes. The Queen then made the traditional closing speech and called for all the Commonwealth's athletes to assemble in four years time in Victoria. As the evening wore on Dame Kiri Te Kanawa sang "Now is the Hour", a favourite New Zealand hymn, as the Royal New Zealand Air Force’s A4 Skyhawks made one final swooping flyover of Mount Smart Stadium followed by fireworks. The Queen, Duke of Edinburgh, and Prince Edward then exited the stadium standing in open top vehicles.

Mascot

File:Auckland1990mascot.png

Goldie the Kiwi bird – the Games' mascot

The mascot of the games was Goldie, representing New Zealand's national symbol the kiwi bird.

Participating teams

File:Commonwealth games 1990 countries map.PNG

Participating countries

55 teams were represented at the 1990 Games.
(Teams competing for the first time are shown in bold).

Medals by country

This is the full table of the medal count of the 1990 Commonwealth Games. These rankings sort by the number of gold medals earned by a country. The number of silvers is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. This follows the system used by the IOC, IAAF and BBC.

Figures from Commonwealth Games Foundation website.<ref>Past Commonwealth Games Template:Webarchive Commonwealth Games Federation</ref>

Medals by event

• At these games, the Triathlon was a demonstration event; won by Erin Baker (women) and Rick Wells (men), both from New Zealand.

Aquatics

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Athletics

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Badminton

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Bowls

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Boxing

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Men
Light Flyweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Flyweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Bantamweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Featherweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Lightweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Light Welterweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Welterweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Light Middleweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Middleweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Light Heavyweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Heavyweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete
Super Heavyweight	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete

Cycling

Track

Men
Time Trial	Template:Flagathlete	00:01:06	Template:Flagathlete	00:01:07	Template:Flagathlete	00:01:07
Sprint	Template:Flagathlete		Template:Flagathlete		Template:Flagathlete
Individual Pursuit	Template:Flagathlete	00:04:45	Template:Flagathlete	00:04:53	Template:Flagathlete	00:04:52
Team Pursuit	Template:NZL Gary Anderson Nigel Donnelly Glenn McLeay Stuart Williams	00:04:23	Template:AUS Brett Aitken Steve McGlede Shaun O'Brien Darren Winter	00:04:26	Template:ENG Chris Boardman Simon Lillistone Bryan Steel Glen Sword	00:04:27
10 Miles Scratch	Template:Flagathlete	00:19:44	Template:Flagathlete	00:19:44	Template:Flagathlete	00:19:44
Points Race	Template:Flagathlete	81	Template:Flagathlete	72	Template:Flagathlete	39
Women
Sprint	Template:Flagathlete		Template:Flagathlete		Template:Flagathlete
Individual Pursuit	Template:Flagathlete	00:03:55	Template:Flagathlete	00:03:55	Template:Flagathlete	00:04:00

Road

Men
Road Race	Template:Flagathlete	04:34:00	Template:Flagathlete	04:34:00	Template:Flagathlete	04:34:05
Team Time Trial	Template:NZL Brian Fowler Gavin Stevens Graeme Miller Ian Richards	02:06:47	Template:CAN Christopher Koberstein David Spears Peter Verhesen Sean Way	02:09:20	Template:ENG Chris Boardman Peter Longbottom Ben Luckwell Wayne Randle	02:09:33
Women
Road Race	Template:Flagathlete	01:55:11.60	Template:Flagathlete	1:55:11.88	Template:Flagathlete	1:55:12.06

Gymnastics

Artistic

Men
All-Around	Template:Flagathlete	57.95	Template:Flagathlete	57.8	Template:Flagathlete	57.4
Team	Template:CAN Alan Nolet Claude Latendrese Curtis Hibbert Lorne Bobkin	171.8	Template:ENG David Cox James May Neil Thomas Terence Bartlett	170.45	Template:AUS Brennon Dowrick Kenneth Meredith Peter Hogan Tim Lees	169.5
Horizontal Bar	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete	9.85			Template:Flagathlete	9.8
Parallel Bars	Template:Flagathlete	9.8	Template:Flagathlete	9.675	Template:Flagathlete	9.6
Vault	Template:Flagathlete	9.625	Template:Flagathlete	9.575	Template:Flagathlete	9.25
Pommel Horse	Template:Flagathlete	9.825	Template:Flagathlete	9.725	Template:Flagathlete	9.7
Rings	Template:Flagathlete	9.775	Template:Flagathlete	9.75	Template:Flagathlete	9.725
Floor	Template:Flagathlete	9.75	Template:Flagathlete	9.675	Template:Flagathlete	9.6
Women
All-Around	Template:Flagathlete	38.912	Template:Flagathlete	38.687	Template:Flagathlete	38.499
Team	Template:CAN Janet Morin Larissa Lowing Lori Strong Stella Umeh	116.784	Template:AUS Kylie Shadbolt Lisa Read Michelle Telfer Monique Allen	115.272	Template:ENG Lisa Elliott Lisa Grayson Lorna Mainwaring Louise Redding	114.046
Asymmetric Bars	Template:Flagathlete	9.875	Template:Flagathlete	9.85	Template:Flagathlete	9.737
Beam	Template:Flagathlete	9.85	Template:Flagathlete	9.762	Template:Flagathlete	9.7
Vault	Template:Flagathlete	9.712	Template:Flagathlete	9.643	Template:Flagathlete	9.506
Floor	Template:Flagathlete	9.887	Template:Flagathlete	9.762	Template:Flagathlete	9.675

Rhythmic

Women
All-Around	Template:Flagathlete	37.65	Template:Flagathlete	37.25	Template:Flagathlete	36.9
Ball	Template:Flagathlete	9.45	Template:Flagathlete	9.4	Template:Flagathlete	9.25
Hoop	Template:Flagathlete	9.4	Template:Flagathlete	9.2	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete	9.1
Ribbon	Template:Flagathlete	9.4	Template:Flagathlete	9.3	Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete Template:Flagathlete	9.2
Rope	Template:Flagathlete	9.3	Template:Flagathlete	9.275	Template:Flagathlete	9.25

Judo

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Shooting

Pistol

Men/Open
50m Free Pistol	Template:Flagathlete	554	Template:Flagathlete	549	Template:Flagathlete	549
50m Free Pistol - Pairs	Template:AUS Phil Adams Bengt Sandström	1106	Template:NZL Brian Read Greg Yelavich	1084	Template:BAN Ateequr Rahman Abdus Sattar	1078
25m Centre-Fire Pistol	Template:Flagathlete	583	Template:Flagathlete	577	Template:Flagathlete	576
25m Centre-Fire Pistol - Pairs	Template:AUS Phil Adams Bruce Quick	1155	Template:NZL Barry O'Neale Greg Yelavich	1144	{{#invoke:flag	India}} Ashok Pandit Surinder Marwah	1142
25m Rapid-Fire Pistol	Template:Flagathlete	583	Template:Flagathlete	582	Template:Flagathlete	579
25m Rapid-Fire Pistol - Pairs	Template:AUS Bruce Favell Pat Murray	1153	Template:CAN Stanley Wills Mark Howkins	1138	Template:ENG Brian Girling John Rolfe	1133
10m Air Pistol	Template:Flagathlete	580	Template:Flagathlete	574	Template:Flagathlete	574
10m Air Pistol - Pairs	Template:BAN Ateequr Rahman Abdus Sattar	1138	Template:AUS Phil Adams Bengt Sandström	1138	Template:NZL Julian Lawton Greg Yelavich	1137

Rifle

Men/Open
50m Rifle Prone	Template:Flagathlete	591	Template:Flagathlete	590	Template:Flagathlete	590
50m Rifle Prone - Pairs	Template:NZL Stephen Petterson Roger Harvey	1185	Template:CAN Barry Sutherland Michael Ashcroft	1184	Template:ENG Bob Jarvis Philip Scanlan	1180
50m Rifle Three Positions	Template:Flagathlete	1157	Template:Flagathlete	1154	Template:Flagathlete	1143
50m Small Bore Rifle Three Positions - Pairs	Template:CAN Jean-François Sénécal Mart Klepp	2272	Template:ENG Malcolm Cooper Robert Smith	2268	Template:SCO William Murray Robert Law	2258
Full Bore Rifle	Template:Flagathlete	394	Template:Flagathlete	390	Template:Flagathlete	390
Full Bore Rifle - Pairs	Template:ENG Simon Belither Andrew Tucker	580	Template:AUS James Corbett Barry Wood	565	Template:Flag Clifford Mallett Colin Mallett	564
10m Air Rifle	Template:Flagathlete	583	Template:Flagathlete	578	Template:Flagathlete	577
10m Air Rifle - Pairs	Template:CAN Guy Lorion Mart Klepp	1163	Template:ENG Chris Hector Robert Smith	1155	{{#invoke:flag	India}} Soma Dutta Bhagirath Samai	1148
10m Running Target	Template:Flagathlete	539	Template:Flagathlete	539	Template:Flagathlete	535
10m Running Target - Pairs	Template:NZL Paul Carmine Tony Clarke	1091	Template:CAN David Lee Mark Bedlington	1070	Template:ENG David Chapman John Maddison<ref>No bronze medal awarded as not enough pairs took part - The Complete Book of the Commonwealth Games (Graham Groom -2017)</ref>	1064

Shotgun

Men/Open
Trap	Template:Flagathlete	184	Template:Flagathlete	183	Template:Flagathlete	179
Trap - Pairs	Template:ENG Kevin Gill Ian Peel	181	Template:WAL Colin Evans James Birkett-Evans	178	Template:AUS Russell Mark John Maxwell	178
Skeet	Template:Flagathlete	187	Template:Flagathlete	187	Template:Flagathlete	184
Skeet - Pairs	Template:SCO Ian Marsden James Dunlop	189	Template:ENG Andy Austin Ken Harman	185	Template:NZL Tim Dodds John Woolley	183

Weightlifting

Men
Flyweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	105	Template:Flagathlete	95	Template:Flagathlete	90
Flyweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	127.5	Template:Flagathlete	117.5	Template:Flagathlete	117.5
Flyweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	232.5	Template:Flagathlete	212.5	Template:Flagathlete	207.5
Bantamweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	110	Template:Flagathlete	107.5	Template:Flagathlete	102.5
Bantamweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	137.5	Template:Flagathlete	125	Template:Flagathlete	122.5
Bantamweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	247.5	Template:Flagathlete	230	Template:Flagathlete	227.5
Featherweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	112.5	Template:Flagathlete	112.5	Template:Flagathlete	110
Featherweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	145	Template:Flagathlete	142.5	Template:Flagathlete	142.5
Featherweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	257.5	Template:Flagathlete	255	Template:Flagathlete	252.5
Lightweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	130	Template:Flagathlete	130	Template:Flagathlete	127.5
Lightweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	165	Template:Flagathlete	160	Template:Flagathlete	155
Lightweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	295	Template:Flagathlete	290	Template:Flagathlete	280
Middleweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	135	Template:Flagathlete	135	Template:Flagathlete	132.5
Middleweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	177.5	Template:Flagathlete	170	Template:Flagathlete	167.5
Middleweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	310	Template:Flagathlete	305	Template:Flagathlete	292.5
Light Heavyweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	155	Template:Flagathlete	152.5	Template:Flagathlete	145
Light Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	192.5	Template:Flagathlete	182.5	Template:Flagathlete	180
Light Heavyweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	347.5	Template:Flagathlete	332.5	Template:Flagathlete	317.5
Middle Heavyweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	162.5	Template:Flagathlete	152.5	Template:Flagathlete	150
Middle Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	195	Template:Flagathlete	192.5	Template:Flagathlete	190
Middle Heavyweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	357.5	Template:Flagathlete	345	Template:Flagathlete	340
Sub Heavyweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	165	Template:Flagathlete	145	Template:Flagathlete	140
Sub Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	197.5	Template:Flagathlete	175	Template:Flagathlete	175
Sub Heavyweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	362.5	Template:Flagathlete	320	Template:Flagathlete	315
Heavyweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	160	Template:Flagathlete	152.5	Template:Flagathlete	152.5
Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	197.5	Template:Flagathlete	192.5	Template:Flagathlete	187.5
Heavyweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	357.5	Template:Flagathlete	345	Template:Flagathlete	335
Super Heavyweight - Snatch	Template:Flagathlete	180	Template:Flagathlete	177.5	Template:Flagathlete	172.5
Super Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk	Template:Flagathlete	222.5	Template:Flagathlete	222.5	Template:Flagathlete	205
Super Heavyweight - Overall	Template:Flagathlete	402.5	Template:Flagathlete	400	Template:Flagathlete	377.5

References

The Bateman New Zealand Encyclopedia Template:Reflist

External links

• Commonwealth Games Official Site