2 (New York City Subway service)
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The 2 Seventh Avenue Express<ref name="timetable">Template:NYCS const</ref> is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored Template:NYCS const since it uses the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line through most of Manhattan.
The 2 operates 24 hours daily between 241st Street in Wakefield, Bronx, and Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College in Flatbush, Brooklyn; limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction originates and terminates at New Lots Avenue in East New York, Brooklyn instead of Flatbush Avenue.<ref name="NLS">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="NLN">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Efn Daytime service makes express stops in Manhattan (between 96th and Chambers Streets) and all stops in the Bronx and Brooklyn; overnight service makes all stops along the full route.
Historically, 2 trains have also run to Crown Heights–Utica Avenue or New Lots Avenue. They ran exclusively on the IRT New Lots Line until 1983, when the 2 was routed to Flatbush Avenue. This is still the case with some rush-hour trains, albeit just to New Lots Avenue.
Service historyEdit
Early historyEdit
The first section of what became the current 2 entered service on November 26, 1904, from the temporary 180th Street–Bronx Park terminal via the West Farms El to 149th Street–3rd Avenue. On July 10, 1905, the connection between the IRT Lenox Avenue Line and IRT White Plains Road Line (which was previously served by the Third Avenue El) opened, allowing subway service from Manhattan to the Bronx.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Kahn1973">Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
On January 9, 1908, the Joralemon Street Tunnel opened, connecting the current IRT Lexington Avenue Line to Brooklyn. At this time, trains ran from East 180th Street to Borough Hall.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On May 1, 1908, trains were extended to Nevins Street and Atlantic Avenue.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The IRT White Plains Road Line was extended to 219th Street on March 3, 1917,<ref name="HathiTrust 2013">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> to 238th Street–Nereid Avenue on March 31, 1917,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and to Wakefield–241st Street on December 13, 1920.<ref name="erictb.info">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On August 1, 1918, the entire IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line was completed.<ref name="Whitney1918">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On April 15, 1919, the Clark Street Tunnel opened, connecting the line to Brooklyn as well.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Beginning on December 19, 1919, trains ran to South Ferry with some rush hour trains to Atlantic Avenue.<ref name="erictb.info"/> In 1923, during rush hours, 2 trains alternated between South Ferry and Utica Avenue.<ref name="erictb.info"/> Beginning December 1, 1924, 2 trains that had previously ended at South Ferry were extended to New Lots Avenue.<ref name="erictb.info"/>
On January 16, 1928, the New York State Transit Commission announced that it had reached an agreement with the IRT to increase service on its lines by 8,000,000 car miles a year; the greatest increase since 1922. As part of the changes, on January 30, all West Farms trains were extended from Atlantic Avenue to Flatbush Avenue during middays.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
As of 1934, 2 trains ran from 180th Street-Bronx Park to Flatbush Avenue weekdays and Saturday during daytime and to South Ferry evenings and Sundays, running express in Manhattan. Late-night service was from 241st St to South Ferry, making all stops. There were occasional lay-up/put-ins from New Lots Avenue, and four weekday evening trains turned at Atlantic Avenue.<ref name="erictb.info"/> On September 5, 1937, some evening rush hour trains started running to Flatbush Avenue.<ref name="erictb.info"/>
As of July 1, 1938, weekday and Saturday evening service was extended to Flatbush Avenue from South Ferry.<ref name="New York Division Bulletin2010">Template:Cite journal</ref>
The IRT routes were given numbered designations with the introduction of "R-type" rolling stock, which contained rollsign curtains with numbered designations for each service. The first such fleet, the R12, was put into service in 1948.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Seventh Avenue–Bronx route became known as the 2.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Sunday service was extended to Flatbush Avenue on March 5, 1950.
Beginning on December 26, 1950, alternate weekday rush trains were extended to 241st Street in the peak direction, but PM rush service to 241st Street was discontinued on June 26, 1952. Beginning on August 4, 1952, the 180th Street–Bronx Park station was closed, with trains rerouted to East 180th Street.
Under the New York City Transit AuthorityEdit
Morning rush hour service to 241st Street was cut back to Gun Hill Road on October 2, 1953. On March 19, 1954, weekend service was rerouted to New Lots Avenue at all times except late nights. On May 4, 1957, a track connection to the IRT Dyre Avenue Line was completed and daytime 2 trains were rerouted to Dyre Avenue.<ref name="erictb.info" /> Evening service remained a shuttle between Dyre Avenue and East 180th Street, and morning rush service from Gun Hill Road was discontinued.
On December 20, 1957, weekday trains were rerouted to New Lots Avenue at all times except late nights. On June 26, 1958, late night service began between Dyre Avenue and East 180th Street. Beginning on December 12, 1958, late night service was extended to Flatbush Avenue and the 2 began running express at all times. Beginning February 6, 1959, trains ran between Wakefield–241st Street and Flatbush Avenue at all times except late nights, when they ran between East 180th Street and New Lots Avenue.<ref name="erictb.info" />
Beginning on April 8, 1960, daytime service was rerouted from Dyre Avenue to 241st Street and service in Brooklyn was rerouted from New Lots Avenue to Flatbush Avenue. At the same time, late night service was rerouted from Flatbush Avenue to New Lots Avenue.
Beginning on April 18, 1965, evening service was extended from East 180th Street to 241st Street and daytime service was rerouted from Flatbush Avenue to New Lots Avenue.
On July 10, 1983, the 2 and {{ #if: | 3 | 3 }}{{
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}} trains swapped terminals in Brooklyn, with 2 trains terminating at Flatbush Avenue and 3 trains terminating at New Lots Avenue. These changes were made to reduce non-revenue subway car mileage, to provide a dedicated fleet for each service, and to provide an easily accessible inspection yard for each service. The change allowed the 2 to be dedicated to 239th Street Yard and allowed the 3 to be assigned to Livonia Yard. With the rerouting of 3 trains, train lengths along the New Lots Line were reduced from 10 cars to 9 cars, within acceptable crowding levels, and train lengths along the Nostrand Avenue Line were increased from 9 to 10 cars, reducing crowding.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In Spring 1995, rush hour 5 service to 241st Street was cut back to Nereid Avenue. 241st Street had insufficient capacity to terminate all 2 and 5 trains during rush hours, requiring some 2 and 5 trips to terminate at Nereid Avenue. To ease passenger confusion regarding which trips terminate where and to provide more reliable service, it was decided to have all 2 trips terminate at 241st Street and have all 5 trains terminate at Nereid Avenue. This recommendation was made in response to comments made as part of the Northeast Bronx Comprehensive Study.<ref>* Template:Cite book
Recent historyEdit
From March 2<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> to October 12, 1998, the IRT Lenox Avenue Line was rehabilitated. On weekdays, 2 trains ran via the IRT Lexington Avenue Line between 149th Street–Grand Concourse and Nevins Street uptown from 5:00 a.m. to midnight and downtown from midnight to 5:00 a.m.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On October 3, 1999, the 2 began running local in Manhattan during late night hours so local stations would receive service every ten minutes.<ref name="1999Change">* {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}
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On December 9, 1999, New York City Transit released a proposal revising 2 and 5 service in the Bronx to eliminate a merge north of the East 180th Street station, increasing capacity and reducing delays, to the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) Board. Dyre Avenue-bound 5 trains would start running local along the White Plains Road Line while 2 trains would run express. Nereid Avenue-bound 5 trains would continue to run express in the Bronx. As part of the change, the frequency of service at White Plains Road Line local stations would decrease from 12 trains per hour to 7 trains per hour. Market research showed that riders at these stations preferred Lexington Avenue Line service. In addition, riders on the line north of East 180th Street would gain express service. This change would have been revenue neutral.<ref name="1999Swap">* {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}
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Shortly after the proposal was more widely announced in April 2000, Assemblyman Jeffrey Klein collected 2,000 signatures for a petition opposing the change.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The MTA delayed the change's planned implementation by a month after receiving the petition.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Opponents of the change also argued that it would have increased subway crowding on the 2 train, especially at the 72nd Street station on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line. The change was also opposed by State Senator Eric Schneiderman, Assemblyman Scott Stringer, and Public Advocate Mark Green. New York City Transit expected the passenger volume of downtown 2 trains in the morning rush hour to increase from 92% of capacity to 108% at 72nd Street.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> After Assembly Speaker Sheldon Silver put pressure on the MTA, the change was pushed back for an additional three months in May 2000.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On September 24, 2000, a spokesperson for New York City Transit said that MTA Chairman E. Virgil Conway told planners to drop the change until service on the 5 was increased with the arrival of new R142 subway cars by early 2002; the swap proposal was canceled the next day.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
After the September 11, 2001 attacks, 2 service was initially split in two sections, with the northern section operating between 241st Street and 96th Street and the southern section operating between Atlantic Avenue and Flatbush Avenue, but service between 96th and 34th Streets got restored on the evening of September 12. On September 17, 2 service was restored along the full route and made all stops in Manhattan, with trains skipping Franklin Street, Chambers Street and Park Place; Franklin Street reopened on September 18,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Chambers Street reopened on September 26,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> and Park Place reopened on October 28.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Normal 2 service was restored on September 15, 2002.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Due to repairs to Hurricane Sandy-related damage on the Clark Street Tube, on weekends between June 17, 2017, and June 24, 2018, the 2 ran between Eastchester–Dyre Avenue in the Bronx and South Ferry in Lower Manhattan, with 5 trains replacing it in Brooklyn and the Bronx north of East 180th Street. Trains ran express only between 96th Street and Times Square–42nd Street during the daytime.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
RouteEdit
Service patternEdit
The following table shows the lines used by the 2, with shaded boxes indicating the route at the specified times:<ref>Template:NYCS const</ref><ref name="NLS"/><ref name="NLN"/><ref name="NLP"/>
| Line | From | To | Tracks | Times | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| all Template:Abbr nights | late nights | rush hours | ||||
| IRT White Plains Road Line (full line) | Wakefield–241st Street | 149th Street–Grand Concourse | local | |||
| IRT Lenox Avenue Line | 135th Street | Central Park North–110th Street | all | |||
| IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line | 96th Street | Chambers Street | express | |||
| local | ||||||
| IRT Broadway-Seventh Avenue Line, Brooklyn branch |
Park Place | Borough Hall | all | |||
| IRT Eastern Parkway Line | Hoyt Street | Franklin Avenue–Medgar Evers College | local | |||
| IRT Nostrand Avenue Line (full line) | President Street–Medgar Evers College | Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College | all | Most trains | ||
| IRT Eastern Parkway Line | Nostrand Avenue | Crown Heights–Utica Avenue | local | Limited service | ||
| IRT New Lots Line (full line) | Sutter Avenue–Rutland Road | New Lots Avenue | all | |||
StationsEdit
For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.<ref name="timetable"/> Template:NYCS service legend
NotesEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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