Bogue-class escort carrier
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates
Template:Infobox ship imageTemplate:Infobox ship class overviewTemplate:Infobox ship characteristicsThe Bogue class were a class of 45 escort carriers built in the United States for service with the US Navy and the Royal Navy, through the Lend-Lease program, during World War II. Following the war, ten Bogue-class ships were kept in service by the US Navy and were reclassified for helicopter and aircraft transport operations.
The first 22 ships of the class were converted from finished, or near finished, Maritime Commission C3-S-A1 and C3-S-A2 ships, with 11 retained by the US Navy, and the other 11 transferring to the Royal Navy, where they were renamed and grouped as the Template:Sclass. Template:USS was the last of the USN ships built and comprised all of the lessons learned in the earlier ships, sometimes it is referred to as its own subclass of the Bogue class. The remaining 23 ships were built from the keel up on C3-class designs and classified as Template:Sclass2, or the Ameer-class. Following the war, those ships that served with the Royal Navy were returned to the United States and were either scrapped or converted for mercantile use.
Construction and designEdit
The Bogue-class escort carriers were based on the Maritime Commission's Type C3 cargo ships hull.Template:Sfn They all were named for sounds.Template:Sfn All of the ships for the US Navy and half of the ships for the Royal Navy were built by the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation, some of the early Royal Navy ships were produced by Ingalls Shipbuilding of Pascagoula, Mississippi, and Western Pipe and Steel Company of San Francisco, California.Template:Sfn
SpecificationsEdit
The Bogue class displaced Template:Cvt at standard load and Template:Cvt at full load. The ships had a waterline length of Template:Cvt with an overall length of Template:Cvt. Their beam was Template:Cvt at the waterline with a maximum beam of Template:Cvt. The draft was Template:Cvt at full load and Template:Cvt at light load.Template:Sfn
Propulsion and powerEdit
The previous Template:Sclass and Template:Sclasss had suffered from reliability issues with their diesel engines {{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= Template:Fix }} so it was decided that the Bogues would use two water-tube boilers, built by Foster-Wheeler, feeding steam to an Allis-Chalmers steam turbine engine connected to a single shaft. This produced Template:Cvt, which could propel the ship at Template:Cvt. They could sail Template:Cvt at Template:Cvt.Template:Sfn
Aircraft facilitiesEdit
The Bogue class had the capacity for up to 24 anti-submarine or fighter aircraft, which could be a mixture of the Grumman Wildcat, Vought F4U Corsair and Grumman Avenger. The exact composition of the embarked squadrons depended upon the mission. Some squadrons were composite squadrons for convoy defence, and would be equipped with anti-submarine and fighter aircraft,Template:Sfn while other squadrons working in a strike-carrier role would only be equipped with fighter aircraft.Template:Sfn When utilised in ferry service the ships could carry up to 90 aircraft between both the flight and hangar decks. Aircraft facilities consisted of a small combined bridge–flight control island on the forward starboard side of the ship. The flight deck was Template:Cvt, with nine arresting wires and three barriers at the stern, along with one hydraulic catapult on the port side at the bow, which was able to launch a Template:Cvt aircraft at Template:Cvt. Two Template:Cvt elevators were placed on the flight deck, one at the stern and one near the bow. The hangar deck was Template:Cvt and fully enclosed, which was larger than the previous Long Island class. The hangar deck retained the camber at the bow and stern of the main deck of the merchant ships they were built on. Since the elevators were placed near the ends of the flight deck, pulleys were required for handling planes on and off of them on the hangar deck, which was difficult in normal conditions, and impossible in rough seas. The ships were also equipped with derricks for retrieving seaplanes and loading and unloading aircraft.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn
ArmamentEdit
The Bogue class was equipped with a variety of weapons, which varied throughout the war and from ship to ship. The early ships were equipped with two [[5"/51 caliber gun|Template:Convert/51 caliber guns]] for surface targets, on sponsons at either side of the stern, these were soon refit with two 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose guns, and standardized on the remaining ships of the class.Template:Sfn For anti-aircraft (AA) cover they were only equipped with ten [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|Template:Convert Oerlikon cannon]]s. This was later augmented with up to eight twin mounted [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|Template:Convert Bofors]] AA guns and an additional 10 to 18 Oerlikons in single or twin mounts.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn
After the war, the 10 remaining Bogue class escort carriers retained in US service were re-designated as "helicopter escort carriers" (CVHE) in 1955, and five of these were re-designated as "utility escort carriers" (CVU) in 1958, then aircraft ferry (AKV) in 1958, and operating under US Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS) during the Vietnam War.Template:Sfn
Edit
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Thirty-four of the 45 ships of the Bogue class were transferred to the Royal Navy under the provisions of the Lend-Lease program; they were given new names for their RN service and returned to the US Navy after the war. Out of the first group of 22 ships, 11 were transferred to the RN and reclassified as Template:Sclass. These ships had been converted from Maritime Commission Type C3 cargo ships that were finished or had already been laid down.Template:Sfn A second group of 23 ships were built from the keel up, based on C3-S-A1 or C3-S-A1 plans, and transferred to the RN and reclassified as Template:Sclass2, or Ameer class, in British service, and sometimes as the Prince William class by the US Navy.Template:Sfn
As delivered, these carriers required modifications to conform to Royal Naval standards. The Attacker class ships had their conversions carried out in drydocks in United Kingdom, but due to these ports being overwhelmed 19 of the 23 ships of the Ameer class were converted by Burrard Dry Dock at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. These included extending the flight deck, fitting redesigned flying controls and fighter direction layout, modifications to the hangar, accommodation and store rooms, extra safety measures, oiling at sea arrangements, gunnery and other internal communications, extra wireless and radio facilities, ship blackout arrangements and other changes necessary for British service.Template:Sfn
The consequential delays in getting these ships into active service caused critical comments from some in the US Navy.Template:Sfn
Ships of classEdit
Converted from C-3 cargo ships.
First groupEdit
Hull number |
US name | Pennant number |
British name | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-6 | Template:USS (ex-Mormacmail) | D18 | Battler | Ingalls Shipbuilding | 15 April 1941 | 4 April 1942 | 15 November 1942 | 12 February 1946 | Returned to US, sold for scrap 14 May 1946 |
CVE-7 | Template:USS (ex-Steel Artisan) | D02 | Attacker | Western Pipe and Steel Company | 17 April 1941 | 27 September 1941 | 30 September 1942 | 5 January 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use February 1947 |
CVE-8 | Template:USS (ex-Mormacpenn) | D80 | Hunter (ex-Trailer) | Ingalls Shipbuilding | 15 May 1941 | 22 May 1942 | 9 January 1943 | 29 December 1945 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use 17 January 1947 |
CVE-9 | Template:USS (ex-Steel Advocate) | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation | 1 October 1941 | 15 January 1942 | 26 September 1942 | 30 November 1946 | Sold for scrapping 1960 |
CVE-10 | Template:USS | D32 | Chaser | Ingalls Shipbuilding | 28 June 1941 | 15 February 1943 | 9 April 1943 | 12 May 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-11 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation | 27 October 1941 | 27 February 1942 | 8 November 1942 | 13 May 1946 | Converted to an aircraft transport as USNS Card, sold for scrapping in 1971 |
CVE-12 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | 18 June 1941 | 21 October 1941 | 15 June 1942 | 5 July 1946 | Sold for scrapping 1961 | |
CVE-13 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | 2 January 1942 | 15 May 1942 | 10 December 1942 | 4 October 1946 | Sold for scrapping 1971 | |
CVE-14 | Template:USS | D64 | Fencer | Western Pipe and Steel Company | 5 September 1941 | 4 April 1942 | 20 February 1943 | 21 December 1945 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-15 | Template:USS | D91 | Stalker | 6 October 1941 | 5 March 1942 | 21 December 1942 | 29 December 1945 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use | |
CVE-16 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation | 27 November 1941 | 4 April 1942 | 20 August 1942 | 28 October 1946 | Sold for scrap 1961 |
CVE-17 | Template:USS | D73 | Pursuer | Ingalls Shipbuilding | 31 July 1941 | 18 July 1942 | 14 June 1943 | 12 February 1946 | Returned to US, sold for scrapping 1946 |
CVE-18 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation | 19 December 1941 | 22 May 1942 | 15 September 1942 | 27 September 1946 | Sold for scrapping 1961 |
CVE-19 | Template:USS | D12 | Striker | Western Pipe and Steel Company | 15 December 1941 | 7 May 1942 | 18 May 1943 | 12 February 1946 | Returned to US, sold for scrapping 1948 |
CVE-20 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation | 19 January 1942 | 2 May 1942 | 20 February 1943 | 29 August 1946 | Sold for scrapping 1960 |
CVE-21 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | 19 January 1942 | 1 May 1942 | 8 March 1943 | Template:N/a | Torpedoed by Template:GS, scuttled 29 May 1944 | |
AVG-22 | Template:N/a | D40 | Template:HMS | 20 February 1942 | 20 June 1942 | 7 April 1943 | 29 November 1945 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use | |
CVE-23 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | 25 February 1942 | 27 June 1942 | 12 April 1943 | 20 August 1946 | Sold for scrapping 1972 | |
AVG-24 | Template:N/a | D70 | Template:HMS | 11 April 1942 | 16 July 1942 | 25 April 1943 | 27 February 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use | |
CVE-25 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | 15 April 1942 | 1 August 1942 | 28 April 1943 | 20 May 1946 | Sold for scrapping 1971 | |
BAVG-6 | Template:N/a | D24 | Template:HMS | 3 November 1941 | 7 March 1942 | 31 January 1943 | 2 November 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use | |
CVE-31 | Template:USS | Template:N/a | Template:N/a | 18 May 1942 | 23 August 1942 | 9 April 1943 | 29 August 1946 | Sold for scrapping, 1961 |
Second groupEdit
Built from the keel up as escort carriers. All were built by the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation. General characteristics as the Attacker class, except for displacement and armament.
Hull number |
US name | Pennant number |
British name | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-32 | Template:USS | D26 | Slinger | 25 May 1942 | 19 September 1942 | 11 August 1943 | 12 April 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-33 | Template:USS | D51 | Atheling | 9 June 1942 | 7 September 1942 | 28 October 1943 | 6 December 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-34 | Template:USS | D98 | Emperor | 23 June 1942 | 7 October 1942 | 6 August 1943 | 28 March 1946 | Returned to US, sold for scrapping 1946 |
CVE-35 | Template:USS | D01 | Ameer | 18 July 1942 | 18 October 1942 | 20 July 1943 | 20 March 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-36 | Template:USS | D38 | Begum | 3 August 1942 | 11 November 1942 | 2 August 1943 | 26 February 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-37 | Template:USS | D09 | Trumpeter | 25 August 1942 | 15 December 1942 | 4 August 1943 | 19 June 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-38 | Template:USS | D42 | Empress | 9 September 1942 | 30 December 1942 | 12 August 1943 | 28 March 1946 | Returned to US, sold for scrapping 1946 |
CVE-39 | Template:USS | D62 | Khedive | 22 September 1942 | 30 January 1943 | 25 August 1943 | 19 July 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-40 | Template:USS | D90 | Speaker | 9 October 1942 | 20 February 1943 | 20 November 1943 | 25 September 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-41 | Template:USS | D77 | Nabob | 20 October 1942 | 22 March 1943 | 7 September 1943 | 10 October 1944 | Torpedoed by Template:GS, judged not worth repair. Later salvaged and sold for mercantile use. |
CVE-42 | Template:USS | D23 | Premier | 31 October 1942 | 22 March 1943 | 3 November 1943 | 21 May 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-43 | Template:USS | D21 | Shah | 13 November 1942 | 21 April 1943 | 27 September 1943 | 7 February 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-44 | Template:USS | D07 | Patroller | 27 November 1942 | 6 May 1943 | 25 October 1943 | 7 February 1947 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-45 | Template:USS | D10 | Rajah | 17 December 1942 | 18 May 1943 | 17 January 1944 | 7 February 1947 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-46 | Template:USS | D03 | Ranee | 5 January 1943 | 2 June 1943 | 8 November 1943 | 22 January 1947 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-47 | Template:USS | D85 | Trouncer | 1 February 1943 | 16 June 1943 | 31 January 1944 | 12 April 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-48 | Template:USS | D48 | Thane | 23 February 1943 | 15 July 1943 | 19 November 1943 | 1945 | Torpedoed by Template:GS, declared a total loss and sold for scrap. |
CVE-49 | Template:Nowrap | D19 | Queen | 12 March 1943 | 2 August 1943 | 7 December 1943 | 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-50 | Template:USS | D72 | Ruler | 25 March 1943 | 21 August 1943 | 22 December 1943 | 29 January 1946 | Returned to US, sold for scrapping 1946 |
CVE-51 | Template:USS | D31 | Arbiter | 26 April 1943 | 9 September 1943 | 31 December 1943 | 12 April 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-52 | Template:USS | D55 | Smiter | 10 May 1943 | 27 September 1943 | 20 January 1944 | 6 May 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-53 | Template:USS | D79 | Puncher | 21 May 1943 | 8 November 1943 | 5 February 1944 | 16 February 1946 | Returned to US, sold for mercantile use |
CVE-54 | Template:USS | D82 | Reaper | 5 June 1943 | 22 November 1943 | 18 February 1944 | 2 July 1946 | Used for captured aircraft transport after May 1945, then returned to US, sold for mercantile use. |
See alsoEdit
- List of aircraft carriers
- List of aircraft carriers of World War II
- List of ship classes of World War II
ReferencesEdit
BibliographyEdit
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External linksEdit
Template:Military navigation Template:WWII British ships Template:WWII US ships